This book offers the foundation for research on nuclear medicine and low temperature plasma applications in multiple industries and daily life. This book is beneficial for those wishing to advance their knowledge of the physics of plasma medicine, plasma agriculture and industrial applications. It provides a comprehensive overview of the basic Fundamental Science of Low Temperature Plasma (FS-LTP) knowledge required for the practice of medical physics in modern medicine. This book provides a guide of nuclear medicine that is the exercise of using radionuclides in medicine for diagnosis, staging of disease, therapy and monitoring the response of a disease process. This book comprehensively covers a broad range of topic including but not limited to field of Plasma Oncology and Plasma Medicine with many applications including, agriculture, plasma processing, catalysis, and aerospace engineering.

This book addresses essential principles of research according to the scientific method for medical imaging technology research. The scope of this book covers the nature of scientific research; quantitative and qualitative approaches essentials; research planning; literature review fundamentals; research methods; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; and communicating research findings. The book meets the educational requirements on Research Principles and Concepts (for entry to practice) of the following professional radiologic technology associations: the American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT), the Canadian Association of Medical Radiation Technologists (CAMRT), the College of Radiographers in the United Kingdom, and radiography societies and associations in Asia, Australia, Europe, and Africa. This is an ideal book for radiologic technologists, nuclear medicine technologists, and radiation therapists seeking to get started in research in their profession. Additionally, biomedical imaging engineering technologists, radiologists, and medical imaging physicists may use this as a "guiding principles" textbook.

Nuclear medicine is a medical imaging specialty involving the use of radioactive compounds for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. As a medical branch, it is considered part of Diagnostic Imaging, but differs substantially from Radiology with respect to the source of the radiation made visible by the diagnostic devices. Nuclear medicine adopts also some types of radioactive emissions for therapeutic purposes, allowing the employment of the metabolic properties of the radiopharmaceuticals for the cure of certain clinical conditions and malignant diseases.Nuclear medicine is a relatively recent discipline and owes its origins to the discovery of natural radioactivity and the development of the first instruments for medical diagnostics. From the introduction of the first gamma camera of Anger, the technology has greatly improved. The evolution has led to the development of SPECT and PET technology and in the recent years to the introduction of hybrid tomographs allowing the combination in one session of both functional and morphological images.The purpose of this textbook is to illustrate synthetically the principals of nuclear medicine diagnostics, with reference both to the technical part and main clinical indications. The booklet is addressed primarily to the degree courses for technologists, but can be reasonably used in other courses and medical training programs where there is necessity for relatively simple, yet complete and clinically relevant concepts of nuclear medicine discipline. As a complement, the manuscript will end with a dedicated section summarizing some concepts of nuclear medicine therapy.

This book provides detailed information on the electrochemistry of technetium compounds. After a brief physico-chemical characterization of this element, it presents the comparative chemistry of technetium, manganese and rhenium. Particular attention is paid to the stability, disproportionation, comproportionation, hydrolysis and polymerization reactions of technetium ions and their influence on the observed redox systems. The electrochemical properties of both inorganic as well as organic technetium species in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions are also discussed. The respective chapters cover the whole spectrum of topics related to the application of technetium in nuclear medicine, electrochemistry of technetium in spent nuclear fuel (including corrosion properties of technetium alloys), and detecting trace amounts of technetium with the aid of electrochemical methods. Providing readers with information not easily obtained in any other single source, the book will appeal to researchers working in nuclear chemistry, nuclear medicine or the nuclear industry.

Published as a companion to Volume 12, the current volume presents the latest advances in electron paramagnetic resonance of iron proteins, metalloproteins, and free radicals. The book features a diskette containing programs for iron ERP spectral simulation and ENDOR analyses.

In the past nuclear medicine has tended to develop in cycles governed by the development of new radiopharmaceuticals followed or preceded by advances in instrumentation. The development of alternative techniques, such as X-Ray Computer Tomography, NMR Imaging and Ultrasound have also had a stimulating effect and pointed the way to new developments. The development of Positron Emission Tomography, while in itself of limited application because of high costs involved, provided a great deal of information which led to the development of new organ or disease specific, single photon emitting radiopharmaceuticals together with tomographic Gamma cameras, whereby detailed information on the biodistribution of the reagents could be obtained with accurate spatial resolution presented in a form suitable for comparison with the other imaging modalities. This technology, known as Single Photon Emission (Computer) Tomography (SPECT or SPET) is now an essential tool in nuclear medicine. The volume presents a basic guideline to the technology involved and discusses the application of the method to the investigation of various anatomical regions of the body. The book is an aide memoire to the routine practitioner and a source of information for other medical specialists.

This issue of Cardiology Clinics, edited by Sharmila Dorbala and Piotr Slomka, examines Nuclear Cardiology. Topics include Advances in SPECT Hardware and Software; Advances in PET Hardware and Software; Technical Advances and Clinical Applications of Cardiac PET/MR; Translational Coronary Atherosclerosis Imaging (NaF PET, FDG); Quantitative Nuclear Cardiology Using New Generation Equipment; Myocardial Perfusion Flow Tracers; Translational Molecular Nuclear Cardiology; Radionuclide Imaging in Congestive Heart Failure (Sarcoid, Amyloid, Viability); Clinical Applications of Imaging Myocardial Innervation; Gated Radionuclide Imaging Including Dyssynchrony Assessment; Clinical PET Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Including Flow Quantitation; and Novel Applications of Radionuclide Imaging in Peripheral Vascular Disease.

This textbook summarizes the basic knowledge of atomic, nuclear, and radiation physics that professionals working in medical physics and biomedical engineering need for efficient and safe use of ionizing radiation in medicine. Concentrating on the underlying principles of radiation physics, the textbook covers the prerequisite knowledge for medical physics courses on the graduate and post-graduate levels in radiotherapy physics, radiation dosimetry, imaging physics, and health physics, thus providing the link between elementary undergraduate physics and the intricacies of four medical physics specialties: diagnostic radiology physics, nuclear medicine physics, radiation oncology physics, and health physics. To recognize the importance of radiation dosimetry to medical physics three new chapters have been added to the 14 chapters of the previous edition. Chapter 15 provides a general introduction to radiation dosimetry. Chapter 16 deals with absolute radiation dosimetry systems that establish absorbed dose or some other dose related quantity directly from the signal measured by the dosimeter. Three absolute dosimetry techniques are known and described in detail: (i) calorimetric; (ii) chemical (Fricke), and (iii) ionometric. Chapter 17 deals with relative radiation dosimetry systems that rely on a previous dosimeter calibration in a known radiation field. Many relative radiation dosimetry systems have been developed to date and four most important categories used routinely in medicine and radiation protection are described in this chapter: (i) Ionometric dosimetry; (ii) Luminescence dosimetry; (iii) Semiconductor dosimetry; and (iv) Film dosimetry. The book is intended as a textbook for a radiation physics course in academic medical physics graduate programs as well as a reference book for candidates preparing for certification examinations in medical physics sub-specialties. It may also be of interest to many professionals, not only physicists, who in their daily occupations deal with various aspects of medical physics or radiation physics and have a need or desire to improve their understanding of radiation physics.

NMR Methodology for Paramagnetic Proteins; G.N. La Mar, J.S. de Ropp. Nuclear Relaxation in Paramagnetic Metalloproteins; L. Banci. Paramagnetic Relaxation of Water Protons; C.C. Lester, R.G. Bryant. Proton NMR Spectroscopy of Model Hemes; F.A. Walker, U. Simonis. Proton NMR Studies of Selected Paramagnetic Heme Proteins; J.D. Satterlee, et al. Heteronuclear Magnetic Resonance; J. Mispelter, et al. NMR of Polymetallic Systems in Proteins; C. Luchinat, S. Ciurli. Index.

This two-part issue, edited by Dr. Rathan Subramaniam, reviews current clinical information in "PET/CT and Patient Outcomes." In Part II of this issue, articles will include: Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer; Endometrial, Cervical & Ovarian Cancer; Renal, Bladder and Testicular Cancer; Musculoskeletal and Soft Tissue Tumors; Myocardial Perfusion / Viability; Unknown Primary Cancer; Gastric Cancer; Brain Tumors; Neuroendocrine Tumors, and more!

Editor Orlando Ortiz and authors review important areas in Imaging of the Postoperative Spine. Articles will include: Post-operative spine imaging in cancer patients; Minimally invasive spine intervention; Post-vertebral augmentation spine imaging; Imaging of lumbar spine fusion; Motion sparing spine instrumentation; Imaging of spine surgery complications; Post-operative fluid collections; Emerging techniques of post-operative spine imaging, What the spine surgeon needs to know about post-operative spine; Post-operative spine infection evaluation; and more!

Secondary headaches account for about 10% of headaches and require meticulous diagnosis because of their life-threatening potential. The secondary headaches include a? diverse and fascinating array of etiologies which can mimic primary headache disorders ranging from the rare to the mundane and from the well established to the highly controversial. This issue of Neurologic Clinics is devoted entirely to secondary headaches with topics that include: Headaches due to nasal and paranasal sinus disease; Headaches due to vascular disorders; Headaches and brain tumors; Low cerebrospinal fluid pressure syndromes; Painful ophthalmologic disorders and eye pain; Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri); Cough, exertional, and sex headaches; The neck and headaches; Drug-induced headaches; Trigeminal neuralgia and glossopharyngeal neuralgia; Headaches and vasculitis; Tonsilar ectopia and headaches; Post-traumatic headaches; Metabolic headaches; Temporomandibular joint disorders, bruxism, and headaches.

Nuclear Medicine has greatly contributed to the diagnosis and treament of neuroendocrine neoplasms. This issue of PET Clinics will focus not only on the diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors, but also theranostics. Topics include SPECT and other PET tracers, F-DOPA, Ga-DOTA-peptides, Yttrium- and Lutetium-based therapy, and the role of FDG PET. It also covers key information of theranostics.

Editor Avneesh Chhabra and authors review important areas in Endovascular Management of Neurovascular Pathology in Adults and Children. Articles will include anatomic considerations, upper cranial nerves, lower cranial nerves, peripheral neuropathy, brachial plexus, upper extremity neuropathy, pelvis and lumbosacral plexus, lower extremity nerves, chronic pelvic pain syndrome, nerve tumors and tumor-like conditions. Other articles will focus on a primer for imagers, neurography research, DTI and future directions, technical considerations, neurographic interpretation, and more!

Guest edited by Theodore Dubinsky and Neeraj Lalwani, this issue of Radiologic Clinics will examine the latest developments and best practices for female pelvic imaging. Topics include MR Imaging of Urethra and Peri-urethral Disorders, Placenta Evaluation on MR, Imaging of Female Infertility, Obstetric Complications, Imaging of Acute Abdomen in Pregnancy, Gestational Trophoblastic Disease, Updates in 3D Pelvic Sonography, Role of Interventional Procedures in Ob/Gyn, Ovarian Cystic Lesions, Gynecological Malignancies, PET Imaging for Malignancies, and MR Imaging of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction.

The Badgastein Lecture.- The Challenge of the 21st Century.- Neurology, Psychiatry.- First Evaluation in Humans of [123I]PE21: A Selective Radioligand for Visualization of the Striatal Dopamine Transporter Density.- Comparison of Iodine-123 labelled Nor-ss-Cit and ss-Cit as Potential Radioligands for Serotonin Transporter Imaging.- Brain Serotonin and Dopamine Transporters in Depressive Children.- Prognostic Potential of Tc-99m-ECD-SPET within 6 Hours after Onset of Stroke Symptoms.- Brain Perfusion in Patients with Severe Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) before and after n-CPAP-Therapy.- Therapy.- Radioimmunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer in Small Volume Disease: Preclinical Evaluation in Comparison To Equitoxic Chemotherapy and Preliminary Results of an Ongoing Phase-I/II Clinical Trial.- Radioimmunotherapy of Glioblastoma by Using I-131 and Y-90 Labeled Anti-tenascin Monoclonal Antibodies.- I-131-Lipiodol Therapy in Liver Neoplasms.- Individualized Dose Estimation for Sr-89 with the Use of Diagnostic Tc-99m MDP Bone Scintigraphy.- Rhenium-186-HEDP and Strontium-89-Chloride in Treatment of Metastatic Bone Pain.- The Development of Chromatographic 188W/188Re Generators for Therapy.- Radiopharmacology.- Evaluation of mRNA Targeting by Labeled Oligonucleotides for Tumor-Diagnosis.- Synthesis and Evaluation of [123I]-Iodoaminoglutethimide, a Ligand for Visualization of the Aromatase Enzyme by SPECT.- Comparative Analysis of Kinetic Models to Study Glucose Metabolism of the Brain.- Bone Scintigraphy and Palliative Therapy with Multibone Kit.- Pharmaosintigraphic Study of Localization in the G.I. Tract of Controlled Release Tablets Using 153Sm as Marker.- Endocrinology, Thyroid.- On the Use of Routine Preoperative Scintigraphy in Thyroid Carcinoma Patients.- The Value of HMPAO SPECT Scanning in Patients with Congenital Hypothyreosis.- Advanced Stage Thyroid Cancer - Treatment with Isotretinoin.- Is SPECT-Technique Necessary for Preoperative Diagnosis of Parathyroid Adenoma ?.- Oncology, Haematology.- Comparison of Interlesionally and Systemically Administered Radiolabelled Monoclonal Antibodies in Implanted Tumours.- Comparison of MRI and Somatostatin Receptor Scintigraphy (SRS) in Post-surgical Follow-up of Meningioma.- Comparison of Contrast Enhanced MRI, Tc-99m Hydroxymethylene Diphosphonate and Tc-99m Tetrofosmin Scintimammography in Patients with Suspicious Breast Lesions.- Neoadjuvant Treatment of Patients with Breast Cancer under Surveillance of 99mTc-Tetrofosmin Scintigraphy.- 99Tc-Furifosmin Uptake by Melanoma Cells.- Lymphoscintigraphy in Tumors of the Head and Neck Using a Double Tracer Technique.- Clinical PET.- Clinical Application of 18FDG-PET in the Assessment of Head and Neck Tumors.- The Role of FDG-PET and MIBI Investigations in the Restaging of Treated Patients with Malignant Lymphomas.- Assessment of Pulmonary Nodules and Colorectal Cancer Recurrences by FDG Scan on an"Ordinary" Coincidence Gamma Camera (CDET).- Clinical Utility of 18FDG-PET with Molecular Coincidence Detection (MCD) and a Modified SPECT-Camera.- Deoxyglucose Uptake by Apoptosing and Proliferating Colonic Tumour Cells.- Cardiology.- Relation Between Viability, Improvement of LVEF and Heart Failure Symptoms after Revascularization.- Attenuation Corrected Tl-201 SPECT Using a Gd-153 Moving Line Source: Clinical Value and the Impact of Attenuation Correction on the Extent and Severity of Perfusion Abnormalities.- Correlation of EBCT and Tl-201-SPECT Scintigraphy in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease.- Influence of Right Ventricular Stimulation Site on Left Ventricular Function in a Trial Synchronous Pacing.- Varia.- 153Sm-EDTMP for Pain Relief in Malignant and Benign Bone and Joint Diseases.- Tc-99m-Tetrofosmin SPECT Scintigraphy in the Post-operative Follow-up of Microvascular Anastomosed Flaps in Facial Reconstruction.- Long-Term Follow-up Study of Gastric Emptying and Helicobacter Pylori Eradication among Patients with Functional Dyspepsia.- The Valu

The use of F-18 NaF PET/CT versus conventional bone scanning in the assessment of benign and malignant disorders has many advantages, which are discussed at length in this issue. Imaging of a variety of benign and malignant bone diseases is discussed, including the assessment of disease and the monitoring of patient response to therapy. Imaging in pediatric patients is also discussed.

PET/CT holds great promise for the management of many types of infection and inflammation.? This issue discusses many of these uses, starting with arthroplasty-associated infection.? FDG PET/CT also has utility in inflammatory bowel disease.? This issue also discusses the utilization of FDG PET and PET/CT in the evaluation of diabetic foot, and in monitoring therapeutic effect in patients without malignancy. PET/CT is reviewed regarding its use in patients with sarcoidosis or IgG4 disease.? Also covered is the application of FDG PET/CT in detecting the source of fever of unknown origin. Artherosclerosis and vasculitis can be assessed by PET/CT and FDG PET/CT can also be used in the management of severe infection in patients with malignancies.? Finally, the issue discusses the use of PET and PET/CT in the evaluation of osteomyelitis.

ONE: Liver and Bile.- 1 Liver scintigraphy.- 2 Differential diagnosis of jaundice with hepatobiliary scintigraphy.- 3 Kinetics of gallbladder emptying.- 4 Hepatobiliary imaging after gastrointestinal surgery.- 5 Measurements of liver haemodynamics.- 6 Hepatic scintigraphy for evaluation of liver grafts.- 7 Differential diagnosis of liver tumors.- 8 Intra-arterial liver scintigraphy with99mTc-MAA.- TWO: Stomach and Intestines.- 9 Detection of gastroduodenal ulcers using Technetium-99m-labelled sucralfate.- 10 Gastroesophageal and biliary reflux.- 11 Nuclear medicine in inflammatory bowel diseases.- 12 Detection and localization of gastrointestinal bleeding sites with scintigraphic techniques.- 13 Intestinal absorption tests.- THREE: Miscellaneous.- 14 Investigations of disorders of motility of the esophagus in chronic diseases.- 15 Radioimmunoscintigraphy in gastroenterology.- 16 Scintigraphic procedures for the proof of peritoneo-venous shunt patency.

Nuclear medicine has played a significant role in imaging cardiovascular diseases.? With developments in PET imaging, that role has expanded.? This issue reviews the latest uses for PET in the imaging of cardiac sarcoidosis, cardiac and arterial calcifications, coronary vascular disease, vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque, and myocardial viability.

PET imaging has been used for the assessment of lung cancer for several years for diagnosis, staging, and post-treatment follow up.? Expanded applications are now being used and explored in the imaging of the heart, thoracic vascular disease, and chest wall disorders.? This issue provides an up-to-date review of the uses of PET for oncologic and nononcologic diseases of the thorax.

This book deals with the new method of laser-driven acceleration for application to radiation biophysics and medicine. It provides multidisciplinary contributions from world leading scientist in order to assess the state of the art of innovative tools for radiation biology research and medical applications of ionizing radiation. The book contains insightful contributions on highly topical aspects of spatio-temporal radiation biophysics, evolving over several orders of magnitude, typically from femtosecond and sub-micrometer scales. Particular attention is devoted to the emerging technology of laser-driven particle accelerators and their application to spatio-temporal radiation biology and medical physics, customization of non-conventional and selective radiotherapy and optimized radioprotection protocols.