This compendium describes the major production routes of the six most relevant iodine radio isotopes and the various methods of labeling molecules of biological, diagnostic or pharmaceutical interest with them. The chapters describe the basic reaction mechanisms, and the influence of iodine introduction on physical/chemical and pharmacological properties. They include examples of important reaction pathways for the preparation of radio-iodine compounds.

Published as a companion to Volume 12, the current volume presents the latest advances in electron paramagnetic resonance of iron proteins, metalloproteins, and free radicals. The book features a diskette containing programs for iron ERP spectral simulation and ENDOR analyses.

This issue of PET Clinics focuses on PET/MRI: Clinical Applications, and is edited by Drs. Drew Torigian and Andreas Kjaer. Articles will include: PET/MRI in Prostate Cancer; PET/MRI in Vascular Disease; PET/MRI in Lymphoma; PET/MRI in Head and Neck Cancer; PET/MRI in Brain Disease; PET/MR in Cancers of GI Tract; PET/MRI in Gynecologic Cancer; Clinical PET/MRI Systems and Patient Workflow; PET/MRI in Heart Disease; PET/MR in Breast Cancer and Lung Cancer; PET/MRI in Musculoskeletal Disorders; PET/MRI in Pediatric Oncology; Clinical PET/MRI: Future Perspectives; and more!

Percutaneous Surgery of the Upper Urinary Tract: Handbook of Endourology contains five focused, review-oriented volumes that are ideal for students and clinicians looking for a comprehensive review rather than a whole course. Each volume is easily accessible through eBook format. Topics covered review both the endourological diagnosis and treatment of prostate, urethral, urinary bladder, upper urinary tract, and renal pathology. All chapters describe the most recent techniques, review the latest results, and analyze the most modern technologies. In the past ten years, the field of endourology has expanded beyond the urinary tract to include all urologic minimally invasive surgical procedures. Recent advancements in robotic and laparoscopic bladder surgery make this one of the fastest moving fields in medicine. As current textbooks are too time-consuming for busy urologists or trainees who also need to learn other areas of urology, this collection provides quick references and over 4000 images that are appropriate for fellows as well as those teaching in the field.

In the past nuclear medicine has tended to develop in cycles governed by the development of new radiopharmaceuticals followed or preceded by advances in instrumentation. The development of alternative techniques, such as X-Ray Computer Tomography, NMR Imaging and Ultrasound have also had a stimulating effect and pointed the way to new developments. The development of Positron Emission Tomography, while in itself of limited application because of high costs involved, provided a great deal of information which led to the development of new organ or disease specific, single photon emitting radiopharmaceuticals together with tomographic Gamma cameras, whereby detailed information on the biodistribution of the reagents could be obtained with accurate spatial resolution presented in a form suitable for comparison with the other imaging modalities. This technology, known as Single Photon Emission (Computer) Tomography (SPECT or SPET) is now an essential tool in nuclear medicine. The volume presents a basic guideline to the technology involved and discusses the application of the method to the investigation of various anatomical regions of the body. The book is an aide memoire to the routine practitioner and a source of information for other medical specialists.

NMR Methodology for Paramagnetic Proteins; G.N. La Mar, J.S. de Ropp. Nuclear Relaxation in Paramagnetic Metalloproteins; L. Banci. Paramagnetic Relaxation of Water Protons; C.C. Lester, R.G. Bryant. Proton NMR Spectroscopy of Model Hemes; F.A. Walker, U. Simonis. Proton NMR Studies of Selected Paramagnetic Heme Proteins; J.D. Satterlee, et al. Heteronuclear Magnetic Resonance; J. Mispelter, et al. NMR of Polymetallic Systems in Proteins; C. Luchinat, S. Ciurli. Index.

This issue of PET Clinics examines normal variations and benign findings in FDG PET/CT Imaging. Topics include Standardization and quantification in FDG PET /CT imaging for staging and restaging of disease, dynamic changes in FDG update in normal tissues, as well as normal variations in the brain, head and neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and in pediatrics.

This handbook will provide updated information on nuclear medicine and molecular imaging techniques as well as its clinical applications, including radionuclide therapy, to trainees and practitioners of nuclear medicine, radiology and general medicine.

Updated information on nuclear medicine and molecular imaging are vitally important and useful to both trainees and existing practitioners. Imaging techniques and agents are advancing and changing so rapidly that concise and pertinent information are absolutely necessary and helpful.

It is hoped that this handbook will help readers be better equipped for the utilization of new imaging methods and treatments using radiopharmaceuticals.

ONE: Liver and Bile.- 1 Liver scintigraphy.- 2 Differential diagnosis of jaundice with hepatobiliary scintigraphy.- 3 Kinetics of gallbladder emptying.- 4 Hepatobiliary imaging after gastrointestinal surgery.- 5 Measurements of liver haemodynamics.- 6 Hepatic scintigraphy for evaluation of liver grafts.- 7 Differential diagnosis of liver tumors.- 8 Intra-arterial liver scintigraphy with99mTc-MAA.- TWO: Stomach and Intestines.- 9 Detection of gastroduodenal ulcers using Technetium-99m-labelled sucralfate.- 10 Gastroesophageal and biliary reflux.- 11 Nuclear medicine in inflammatory bowel diseases.- 12 Detection and localization of gastrointestinal bleeding sites with scintigraphic techniques.- 13 Intestinal absorption tests.- THREE: Miscellaneous.- 14 Investigations of disorders of motility of the esophagus in chronic diseases.- 15 Radioimmunoscintigraphy in gastroenterology.- 16 Scintigraphic procedures for the proof of peritoneo-venous shunt patency.

This state-of-the-art set of handbooks provides medical physicists with a comprehensive overview of the field of nuclear medicine. In addition to describing the underlying, fundamental theories of the field, it includes the latest research and explores the practical procedures, equipment, and regulations that are shaping the field and it's future. This set is split into three volumes, respectively titled: Instrumentation and Imaging Procedures; Modelling, Dosimetry and Radiation Protection; and Radiopharmaceuticals and Clinical Applications. Volume one, Instrumentation and Imaging Procedures, focuses primarily on providing a comprehensive review into the detection of radiation, beginning with an introduction to the history of nuclear medicine to the latest imaging technology. Volume two, Modelling, Dosimetry and Radiation Protection, explores the applications of mathematical modelling, dosimetry, and radiation protection in nuclear medicine. The third and final volume, Radiopharmaceuticals and Clinical Applications, highlights the production and application of radiopharmaceuticals and their role in clinical nuclear medicine practice. These books will be an invaluable resource for libraries, institutions, and clinical and academic medical physicists searching for a complete account of what defines nuclear medicine. The most comprehensive reference available providing a state-of-the-art overview of the field of nuclear medicine Edited by a leader in the field, with contributions from a team of experienced medical physicists, chemists, engineers, scientists, and clinical medical personnel Includes the latest practical research in the field, in addition to explaining fundamental theory and the field's history

Drug development is very expensive and a fight against time. PET offers possibilities to speed up this process by adding unique in vivo information on pharmacokinetics/dynamics of a drug at an early stage. This information can help decision makers to move the drug in the drug development process or to decide to stop further developments. This unique and complete book highlights the different ways PET can be used and describes the latest trends in the various disciplines within nuclear medicine to further improve methodologies and increase the number of tools to accelerate drug development. Various topics within tracer development, instrumentation, data analysis and many clinical and preclinical topics are described by leading scientists from industry and academia.

The third edition of this critically acclaimed book has updated and expanded the survey of clinical, biological and pathological management of localized and advanced renal cell carcinoma. Internationally renowned editors and contributors explore the latest developments in molecular genetics, focusing on the novel targets that have been discovered in epithelial renal tumors. Comprehensive and authoritative, Renal Cell Carcinoma: Molecular Targets and Clinical Applications, Third Edition is the definitive text on the rapidly evolving landscape of experimental therapeutics, written and edited by leaders of the field.

This book reviews the principal applications of nuclear medicine, specifically from the viewpoint of the mathematical and physical analyses that support the interpretation. In contradistinction to other approaches, the mathematics does not precede the applications in introductory chapters, but is presented in the application chapters with various degrees of granularity.

This volume presents pedagogical content to understand theoretical and practical aspects of diagnostic imaging techniques. It provides insights to current practices, and also discusses specific practical features like radiation exposure, radiation sensitivity, signal penetration, tissue interaction, and signal confinement with reference to individual imaging techniques. It also covers relatively less common imaging methods in addition to the established ones. It serves as a reference for researchers and students working in the field of medical, biomedical science, physics, and instrumentation. Key Features * Focusses on the clinical applications while ensuring a steady understanding of the underlying science * Follows a bottom-up approach to cover the theory, calculations, and modalities to aid students and researchers in biomedical imaging, radiology and instrumentation * Covers unique concepts of nanoparticle applications along with ethical issues in medical imaging

Each year, almost twenty million people worldwide receive the grim diagnosis of cancer, yet few are prepared for the difficult emotional journey ahead. Shortly after Dr. Charles Hayter graduated as a cancer specialist, his father was diagnosed with terminal cancer. As with many doctors, he found that his medical training did not prepare him for the anguish and turmoil he witnessed in himself, his patients, and their loved ones - anguish often worsened by the stigma and shame surrounding cancer and radiation. In Cancer Confidential, Dr. Hayter shares behind-the-scenes stories of people dealing with cancer and death - often through avoidance, denial, and conflict, but also as shining examples of quiet courage, resilience, and humour. The backdrop for the stories is the specialty of radiation oncology. One in three cancer patients will receive radiation therapy, yet it remains a mysterious and often maligned area of medicine. Told in a vivid, dramatic style, Cancer Confidential sheds light on this poorly understood field and reveals intimate stories of individuals and their families in difficult circumstances. It will lend insight, compassion, and support to anyone facing the diagnosis of cancer.

PET and SPECT imaging has improved to such a level that they are opening up exciting new horizons in medical diagnosis and treatment. This book provides a complete introduction to fundamentals and the latest progress in the field, including an overview of new scintillator materials and innovations in photodetector development, as well as the latest system designs and image reconstruction algorithms. It begins with basics of PET and SPECT physics, followed by technology advances and computing methods, quantitative techniques, multimodality imaging, instrumentation, pre-clinical and clinical imaging applications.

Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a novel imaging modality. In MPI superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are used as tracer materials. The volume is the proceeding of the 2nd international workshop on magnetic particle imaging (IWMPI). The workshop aims at covering the status and recent developments of both, the instrumentation and the tracer material, as each of them is equally important in designing a well performing MPI. For instance, the current state of the art in magnetic coil design for MPI is discussed. With a new symmetrical arrangement of coils, a field-free line (FFL) can be produced that promises a significantly higher sensitivity compared with the standard arrangement for a FFP. Furthermore, the workshop aims at presenting results from phantom and pre-clinical studies.

Radiologists in emergency department settings are uniquely positioned to identify and provide effective, appropriate care to vulnerable patient populations. Emergency Imaging of At-Risk Patients fills a void in the literature by illustrating challenges in emergency and trauma imaging of vulnerable patients using a head-to-toe approach. Drawing on the vast clinical experience of emergency and trauma radiologists from the largest academic medical centers across North America, this reference presents basic and advanced emergency imaging concepts, relevant case studies, current controversies and protocols, and subtle imaging findings that help guide clinicians to efficient and accurate diagnoses and treatments. Provides a comprehensive, evidence-based approach to imaging of non-traumatic and traumatic emergencies in at-risk patients. Covers acute brain, thoracic, abdominal, and musculoskeletal conditions, including the unique challenges of imaging pregnant, geriatric, bariatric, cancer, immunocompromised, and pediatric patients, as well as patients using recreational drugs. Describes specific applications of ultrasound, MRI, radiography, and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Reviews recent imaging-related clinical literature and appropriate criteria and guidelines. A valuable tool for emergency and general radiologists, as well as pediatricians, obstetricians, gynecologists, orthopedic, trauma surgeons, and trainees in all specialties. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Contents:
1. Ethical and Regulatory Approval for Human Studies A. Warbick-Cerone 2. Instrumentation, Imaging, Data Analysis and Display A.C. Perkins 3. Good Manufacturing Practice in the Preparation of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms for Scintigraphic Evaluation M. Frier 4. Drug Delivery to the Respirotory Tract J.G. Hardy 5. Scintigraphic Study of Oesphagael Transit and Retention R.J. Dansereau, R.N. Danserau and J.W. McRorie 6. Scintigraphic Study of Drug Delivery to the Stomach and Small Bowel N. Washington and C.G. Wilson 7. Scintigraphic Study of Colonic Release and Absorption J.M. Hebden, A.C. Perkins and R.C. Spiller 8. Scintigraphic Study of Ocular Drug Delivery C.G. Wilson, Y.P. Zhu and M. Frier 9. Scintigraphic Study of Drug Carriers and Conjugates M.V. Pimm

Written specifically for those candidates about to sit for the FRCR part II examination, the format will also be of use to other trainee radiologists who are not specialists in this field. It contains a number of multiple choice questions covering all aspects of nuclear medicine with particular emphasis on the more common techniques, ie bone, renal and lung scanning. Extensive use is made of review articles, and important articles in the major nuclear medicine journals and references are provided.

It is essential to minimize damage to normal tissues during radiation therapy and many strategies have been employed in finding the best methods for radioprotection. This book integrates chemical, biological, and clinical perspectives on these strategies and developments, providing a comprehensive treatise. It emphasizes new concepts in radioprotection, aiming to inspire further basic science and clinical progress in radioprotector research. Radioprotectors: Chemical, Biological, and Clinical Perspectives includes the following topics:
o Early research on radioprotectors
o WR-2721, an aminothiol prodrug, as a radioprotector
o New results with naturally occurring thiols
o Nitroxides as effective radioprotectors in vitro and in vivo
o Radioprotection observed with radical scavengers or antioxidants
o Bone marrow radioprotection with cytokines and biological modifiers
o Multiple mechanisms of altering radiation response by eicosanoids
o Vascular response to radiation and the importance of vascular damage to normal tissue
o Modifiers of radiation-induced apoptosis
o Survey of clinical trials with radioprotectors
Radiation biologists and oncologists, cancer researchers, and toxicologists will benefit from the findings discussed and strategies for future research.

This book describes, in fascinating detail, a variety of experiments sponsored by the U.S. government in which people were exposed to radiation without their knowledge. After reviewing hundreds of thousands of documents from the Atomic Energy Commission and other agencies, the Advisory Committee appointed by President Clinton in January 1994 found that nearly 4,000 human radiation experiments--most involving very low doses of radioactive tracers--were sponsored by the federal government between 1944-1974. This book documents these findings to provide a fascinating if not disturbing reminder of both the shocking standards for human experimentation and the shrouded practice of government secrecy in recent history. Carried out at the height of the Cold War, experiments included feeding radioactive cereal to teenagers at a school for the mentally retarded, irradiating the testicles of prison inmates, injecting plutonium into hospital patients, and intentional releases of radiation into the environment. The book places these experiments within their historical context, and a review of the relevant government policies and ethics standards at the time is included. The analysis is then applied to contemporary research on human subjects. The book concludes with a discussion of the Committee's key findings and a set of recommendations for changes in in institutional review boards, the interpretation of ethics rules and policies, the conduct of research involving military personnel, the oversight and accountability for ethical violations, compensation for research injuries, and balancing national securities interests with the rights of the public. This compelling volume will prove to be a landmark in the development of standards for human experimentation. Ethicists, public health professionals and those interested in the history of medicine and Cold War history will be intrigued by the findings in this volume.

This publication is a compendium of physical principles, system descriptions, instrument quality assurance, and clinical applications of extant tomographic methods in nuclear medicine. Written by an expert in this pertinent field, each chapter deals with the topics in a comprehensive fashion to provide a ready reference of all the work done on the subject and an estimate of the future utilization. Descriptions of methods available to nuclear medicine for tomographic viewing include positron emission, single photon emission, and planar tomography. This is an excellent resource volume of general applicability for nuclear medicine physicians, nuclear medicine scientists, and researchers in organ imaging and processing techniques.

Experimental microdosimetry deals with the measurement of charged particle energy deposition in tissue equivalent volumes, ranging in size from nanometres to micrometres. Microdosimetry is employed to improve our understanding of the relationship between radiation energy deposition, the resulting biological effects, and the appropriate quantities to be used in characterizing and quantifying radiation quality. Although many reviews and contributions to the field have been published over the past fifty years, this new book is the first to provide a single, up to date, and easily accessible account of experimental microdosimetry. This book is designed to be used in medical, radiation, and health physics courses and by Master's and PhD students. In addition to serving as an introductory text to the field for graduate students, this book will also be of interest as a teaching and reference resource for graduate supervisors and established researchers. Drs. Lennart Lindborg and Anthony Waker have spent a life-time career in experimental microdosimetry research in academic, industrial and regulatory environments and have observed the development of the field from its early days as a recognized discipline; they bring to this book particular knowledge and experience in the design, construction, operation and use of tissue equivalent gas ionization counters and chambers.

1. Advances in cancer imaging and therapy with radiolabelled antibodies.- 2. Evaluation of the diagnostic utility of immunoscintigraphy in oncology.- 3. The quality control and clinical testing of radiolabelled antibodies.- 4. Clinical utility of radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies in the management of gastrointestinal cancer.- 5. Use of 123-I radiolabelled F(AB')2 fragments of anti-CEA monoclonal antibody for the detection of primary and metastatic gastrointestinal carcinomas.- 6. Bispecific monoclonal antibodies for two phase radioimmunotherapy.- 7. Antimyosin antibody imaging in myocardial infarction.- 8. Antimyosin based radioimmunodetection of myocarditis cardiomyopathy and cardiac transplant rejection.- 9. Recent advances in the use of radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies in the management of ovarian cancer.- 10. Monoclonal antibodies for cell labelling with particular reference to thrombus imaging.- 11. The role of nuclear medicine in the evaluation of the patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).- 12. Detection of inflammation/infection using radiolabelled anti-granulocyte antibodies: possibilities and limitations.- 13. A new marker for the detection of adenocardinomas by radioimmunoscintigraphy.- 14. New developments in the diagnosis of AIDS and strategies for therapy.