This book serves as a reference and comprehensive guide for PET/MR neuroimaging. The field of PET/MR is rapidly evolving, however, there is no standard resource summarizing the vast information and its potential applications. This book will guide neurological molecular imaging applications in both clinical practice and the research setting. Experts from multiple disciplines, including radiologists, researchers, and physicists, have collaborated to bring their knowledge and expertise together. Sections begin by covering general considerations, including public health and economic implications, the physics of PET/MR systems, an overview of hot lab and cyclotron, and radiotracers used in neurologic PET/MRI. There is then coverage of each major disease/systemic category, including dementia and neurodegenerative disease, epilepsy localization, brain tumors, inflammatory and infectious CNS disorders, head and neck imaging, as well as vascular hybrid imaging. Together, we have created a thorough, concise and up-to-date textbook in a unique, user-friendly format. This is an ideal guide for neuroradiologists, nuclear medicine specialists, medical physicists, clinical trainees and researchers.

Radiologists in emergency department settings are uniquely positioned to identify and provide effective, appropriate care to vulnerable patient populations. Emergency Imaging of At-Risk Patients fills a void in the literature by illustrating challenges in emergency and trauma imaging of vulnerable patients using a head-to-toe approach. Drawing on the vast clinical experience of emergency and trauma radiologists from the largest academic medical centers across North America, this reference presents basic and advanced emergency imaging concepts, relevant case studies, current controversies and protocols, and subtle imaging findings that help guide clinicians to efficient and accurate diagnoses and treatments. Provides a comprehensive, evidence-based approach to imaging of non-traumatic and traumatic emergencies in at-risk patients. Covers acute brain, thoracic, abdominal, and musculoskeletal conditions, including the unique challenges of imaging pregnant, geriatric, bariatric, cancer, immunocompromised, and pediatric patients, as well as patients using recreational drugs. Describes specific applications of ultrasound, MRI, radiography, and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Reviews recent imaging-related clinical literature and appropriate criteria and guidelines. A valuable tool for emergency and general radiologists, as well as pediatricians, obstetricians, gynecologists, orthopedic, trauma surgeons, and trainees in all specialties. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

This fully revised second edition of Top 3 Differentials in Radiology provides a comprehensive core exam review of frequently encountered imaging gamuts in all major radiological subspecialties. Author William O'Brien utilizes the widely acclaimed format of his first edition, with 330 new and updated radiology cases organized into 12 core subspecialty sections. The last section, "Roentgen Classics," includes cases from each of the previous core sections, with imaging findings characteristic of a single diagnosis. This book reflects content included in the current radiology board examinations with accurate and concise descriptions of key differentials, which are integral to acing the boards. Each case is formatted as a two-page unit. The left page features clinical images, succinctly captioned radiographic findings, and pertinent clinical history. The right page includes the key imaging gamut, differential diagnoses rank-ordered by the Top 3, additional diagnostic considerations, and clinical pearls. Key Features More than 700 high quality images, including advanced imaging techniques Rank ordered differentials organized into the Top 3 and additional diagnostic considerations A high-yield review of important imaging and clinical manifestations for all entities on the list of differentials Imaging pearls at the end of each case provide a quick review of key points This outstanding resource provides radiologists and trainees with a solid foundation of core radiology topics and a wide spectrum of key imaging findings encountered in clinical practice. It is a must-have for radiology residents preparing for board examinations. Veteran radiologists looking for a comprehensive review of critical topics in radiology will also find this book invaluable.

An excellent introduction to the basic concepts of nuclear medicine physics

This "Third Edition" of" Essentials of Nuclear Medicine Physics and Instrumentation" expands the finely developed illustrated review and introductory guide to nuclear medicine physics and instrumentation. Along with simple, progressive, highly illustrated topics, the authors present nuclear medicine-related physics and engineering concepts clearly and concisely. Included in the text are introductory chapters on relevant atomic structure, methods of radionuclide production, and the interaction of radiation with matter. Further, the text discusses the basic function of the components of scintillation and non-scintillation detector systems. An information technology section discusses PACs and DICOM. There is extensive coverage of quality control procedures, followed by updated chapters on radiation safety practices, radiation biology, and management of radiation accident victims.

Clear and concise, this new edition of "Essentials of Nuclear Medicine Physics and Instrumentation" offers readers: Four new chaptersUpdated coverage of CT and hybrid scanning systems: PET/CT and SPECT/CTFresh discussions of the latest technology based on solid state detectors and new scanner designs optimized for dedicated cardiac imagingNew coverage of PACs and DICOM systemsExpanded coverage of image reconstruction and processing techniquesNew material on methods of image display

Logically structured and clearly written, this is the book of choice for anyone entering the field of nuclear medicine, including nuclear medicine residents and fellows, cardiac nuclear medicine fellows, and nuclear medicine technology students. It is also a handy quick-reference guide for those already working in the field of nuclear physics.

Master the latest imaging procedures and technologies in nuclear medicine! Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging: Technology and Techniques, 9th Edition provides comprehensive, state-of-the-art information on all aspects of nuclear medicine. Coverage of body systems includes anatomy and physiology, along with details on how to perform and interpret related diagnostic procedures. The leading technologies - SPECT, PET, CT, MRI, and PET/CT - are presented with an emphasis on radiation safety and patient care. Comprehensive coverage of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging makes this a complete resource. Accessible writing style simplifies topics, first introducing fundamentals and progressing to more complex concepts. Procedure boxes provide step-by-step instructions for clinical procedures and protocols so they can be performed with confidence. NEW! Full-color design provides clear and realistic examples of PET/CT scans seen in practice. NEW! Expanded content on radiopharmacy reflects current practice. NEW! Coverage of new technologies explores emerging topics related to therapeutics, MRI, and the growth of PET/CT due to the increased use of radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis and treatment.

This book gathers a collection of cases with challenging diagnoses, in which nuclear medicine examinations have been particularly helpful in terms of the final diagnosis or follow-up. The cases presented chiefly involve patients with neurodegenerative disorders, epilepsy and brain tumors. The book is intended for nuclear medicine specialists as well as clinicians, offering essential guidance on the interpretation of neurology cases in the clinical setting, particularly with regard to correctly interpreting diagnostic imaging procedures. The authors were selected from the members of the Neuroimaging Committee of the EANM and have extensive experience as clinicians and teachers within the Nuclear Medicine Community.

The fourth edition of this well-established text has been completely revised and updated to reflect developments in the science and practice of radiopharmacy that have taken place over the last ten years. As the demand for radiopharmacists continues to increase, this book aims to meet the need for specialised information on the use of radiopharmaceuticals in the detection and treatment of diseases and conditions. The book is divided into the following six sections: * physics applied to radiopharmacy * medicinal radio-elements * radiopharmacology and radiopharmacokinetics * radiopharmaceutics: formulation, preparation and quality assurance * radiopharmacy practice * new techniques for design and testing of radiopharmaceuticals. Sampson's Textbook of Radiopharmacy is supported by the UK Radiopharmacy Group and includes contributions from experts worldwide. It is the only up-to-date reference that covers the regulation of radiopharmacy practice in the UK, the USA and Europe. This book is essential reading for advanced students specialising in radiopharmacy and will serve as a lifelong reference for radiopharmacists practising in PET (Positron Emission Tomography) centres, nuclear medicine centres and radiopharmacies, as well as those working in research or the pharmaceutical industry.

From first principles to current computer applications, Monte Carlo Calculations in Nuclear Medicine, Second Edition: Applications in Diagnostic Imaging covers the applications of Monte Carlo calculations in nuclear medicine and critically reviews them from a diagnostic perspective. Like the first edition, this book explains the Monte Carlo method and the principles behind SPECT and PET imaging, introduces the reader to some Monte Carlo software currently in use, and gives the reader a detailed idea of some possible applications of Monte Carlo in current research in SPECT and PET.

New chapters in this edition cover codes and applications in pre-clinical PET and SPECT. The book explains how Monte Carlo methods and software packages can be applied to evaluate scatter in SPECT and PET imaging, collimation, and image deterioration. A guide for researchers and students developing methods to improve image resolution, it also demonstrates how Monte Carlo techniques can be used to simulate complex imaging systems.

Recent advances in the field of nuclear medicine (NM) are expanding the role and responsibilities of the nuclear medicine technologist (NMT) to include more complex and detailed tasks. New technologies are making the diagnosis, management, and treatment of illnesses more sensitive, more specific, more accurate, and ultimately safer for both the patient and the technologist.

Radiation Safety in Nuclear Medicine, Second Edition provides the latest technological advances and expanded responsibilities of today's NMT while laying a solid foundation for understanding the basic physics behind the technology. As with the original, this edition teaches the units of radioactivity, exposure, and dosimetry, along with the principles of instrumentation needed for detection and measurement. Focusing on the issues of safety, this volume devotes considerable attention to the science and practice of safety techniques and includes information on rules and regulations.

In keeping with the expanding nature of the field, the second edition incorporates many updates and additions such as, Recent modifications to the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations specific to the use of radiopharmaceuticals in medicine The growing popularity of metabolic imaging with positron emissions tomography (PET) The benefits of merging two modalities, namely, the images of PET and computerized tomography (CT) into one short scanning procedure The new role of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals that use molecular targeting as a method of localization

Providing a basic understanding of nuclear medicine, its scientific basis, diagnostic and therapeutic applications, safety practices and regulations, and future directions, Radiation Safety in Nuclear Medicine, Second Edition is the comprehensive reference for technologists, students, researchers, and other professionals in the Nuclear Medicine.

Complete with review questions, detailed answers, and new and emerging techniques-the go-to guide for acing certification or recertification exams in nuclear cardiology Nuclear Cardiology: Practical Applications, Fourth Edition provides the information you need to know regarding indications for and interpretation of results of a nuclear test. It's the perfect study guide for certification and recertification exams, including the Certification Board Examination in Nuclear Cardiology (CBNC). This concise textbook focuses on the clinical application of imaging technology-with the added bonus of review questions with detailed answers. It covers all the latest advances in this rapidly changing field, primarily in the areas of PET and amyloid imaging, as well as other aspects of the nuclear imaging. Features: * Revised chapters on radiopharmaceuticals and instrumentation * NEW chapters on Cardiac PET, focusing on myocardial perfusion and quantitative determination of myocardial blood flow * NEW and revised chapters on FDG PET imaging, covering myocardial viability, sarcoid imaging, and infection/endocarditis imaging * NEW information on interpreting and reporting of nuclear cardiology studies to include both PET and SPECT * A focused chapter on appropriate use criteria to reflect the latest recommendations and CMS requirements * NEW chapter on cardiac amyloid imaging, including indications, imaging procedures, interpretation and strategies for use of the data * Incorporation of alternative testing approaches within each of the current chapters

As the definition of palliative-intent radiation therapy (RT) continues to evolve, the application of advanced radiotherapeutic technologies, such as intensity-modulated RT, and techniques, such as image-guidance, are no longer the provision solely of the curative realm. Treatment options previously considered strictly palliative are expanding, with conventional RT being delivered in conjunction with other modalities such as highly conformal radiation, surgery or systemic therapy, or being bypassed entirely. Additionally, as the median survival rate for many primary cancer histologies improve, more and more patients are outliving the palliative benefit of their first course of RT, making re-irradiation a commonly encountered scenario. Many factors should be taken into account when making RT treatment decisions, including those incorporating advanced technologies, such as individualised considerations of symptom burden, extent of disease, life expectancy, performance status, comorbidities, toxicity, prior treatment, and patient wishes. However, while palliative RT should be appropriately customised for each patient, it should also have a convincing evidence base. To date, research investigating the optimal use of palliative RT has been strikingly underrepresented, especially considering it comprises up to 50% of a department's workload. This book reviews state of the art in palliative radiation therapy across all disease sites, discussing available evidence supporting the use of advanced technologies and related clinical and dosimetric outcomes. Areas in which practice diverges from available evidence, as well as those in which no supporting evidence exists, are described. Many chapters include a historical overview highlighting lessons learned from past experience and techniques. Additionally, where specific palliative literature does not exist, generalisable excerpts from the curative setting are examined as well. Also, key practice points pertinent to management approaches and decisions, treatment planning and other clinical pearls are summarised by over 60 international experts from three continents, often incorporating a multinational and/or multi-institutional perspective. A foundational chapter reviewing these technologies is complimented by sections on their use in each primary cancer site, along with chapters focusing on emerging techniques such as stereotactic radiation, clinical settings such as oligometastases, and patient-reported outcomes including quality of life and toxicity. Clinical trial methodology applicable to palliative RT, prognostication, health services research, and the interface of radiation oncology with palliative care in the 21st century are highlighted. Finally, a concluding chapter provides an overview of clinical contexts in which conventional radiation therapy or best supportive care may be favoured.

This book is a comprehensive guide to the assessment and management of adults with thyroid disorders in daily clinical practice. All important aspects and disorders are considered. Relevant information on basic anatomy, embryology, immunology, and physiology is included to provide a better basis for understanding the development of disease and its diagnosis and treatment. Currently available biochemical tests and other specific diagnostic tools are also considered in detail. The various common thyroid disorders are then discussed in a series of individual chapters that focus on etiology, pathophysiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, and treatment. Numerous high-quality illustrations and concise fact boxes are included. The authors are all experts with wide experience in three disciplines and a long-standing interest in thyroid disease.

This book, written by authors with national and international reputations in the field, covers all aspects of radionuclide and hybrid bone imaging. Introductory sections present the basic science and consider the current status and limitations of conventional radiological techniques. The underlying principles of PET-CT and SPECT-CT are carefully explained, and the value of different PET and SPECT tracers, assessed. The role of single- and dual-modality approaches in the imaging of benign bone diseases and malignancies is then discussed in detail in a series of well-illustrated chapters. The pathologies addressed include metabolic bone disease, arthritis, bone and joint infections, primary bone and soft tissue tumors, and metastases from breast and prostate cancer. A further section considers the role of bone scintigraphy in the pediatric patient, and the closing chapters focus on miscellaneous subjects, including bone densitometry and radionuclide targeted therapy.

PET imaging has been used for the assessment of lung cancer for several years for diagnosis, staging, and post-treatment follow up.? Expanded applications are now being used and explored in the imaging of the heart, thoracic vascular disease, and chest wall disorders.? This issue provides an up-to-date review of the uses of PET for oncologic and nononcologic diseases of the thorax.

This book reviews the current clinical practice of leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) diagnosis and treatment, which is predominately by intrathecal chemotherapy and/or in combination with external beam radiotherapy. LM is a refractory lethal complication of many human malignancies when neoplastic cells grow in the meninges. The use of penetrating emissions from radionuclides has the advantages of visualizing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and ablating meninges at shallow depths and has been used to diagnose CSF flow anomalies and to treat LM. The scientific bases of using radionuclides inside human CSF and ablating LM will be discussed within the text, with results from established and completed clinical trials to explore optimal use of radionuclides to diagnose and treat LM. Many limitations of current practices of treating LM are also discussed, as well as potential avenues of overcoming these limitations. This book is an ideal guide for clinical researchers in the practice of treating leptomeningeal metastasis including radiologists, neurologists, oncologists and radiotherapists as well as their associates.

This book introduces molecular imaging and Target Therapy in various cancers. The first part is the subjects and primary focused on the basics of nuclear physics, radiation dosimetry, nuclear medicine equipment and small animal imaging equipment. The second part is about the radiopharmaceutical and commonly used clinical radiopharmaceuticals, including positron emission imaging agent, single photon emission imaging agent, and radionuclide therapy agents as well as their radioactive preparation, quality control, and a brief clinical application were included. Also, this part introduces a number of new imaging agents which were potential value of clinical applications. In the third part, the clinical application of the conventional imaging agent 18F-FDG in different tumors and neurodegenerative diseases and 18F-Dopa imaging in the nervous system are discussed. Besides the clinical applications of 99mTc labeled radiopharmaceuticals in parathyroid disease, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, sentinel lymph node, metastatic bone tumors, liver and gallbladder disease in children are introduced. Finally, the applications of radionuclide 131I on treatments of Graves' disease and differentiated thyroid cancer and metastases are investigated respectively. This book is a useful reference for professionals engaged in nuclear medicine and clinical research, including clinical nuclear medicine physicians, nuclear medicine engineers and nuclear medicine pharmacists.

This well-illustrated pocket book offers up-to-date guidance on the clinical and research applications of PET/CT in the most common neurological and neuro-oncological disorders. The opening chapters cover the pros and cons of widely used radiological imaging techniques, scanners, and radiopharmaceuticals, with emphasis on the state of the art hybrid modalities, primarily PET/CT but also PET/MRI. Helpful information is provided on the clinical and research tracers used in neurodegenerative diseases, movement disorders, epilepsy and brain tumours. These four killers are then discussed in detail, highlighting the role of PET/CT and targeted tracers in their assessment and in radiotherapy planning. In addition, the clinical applications of PET/MRI are considered. Throughout, many images are included to better explain the diseases and the role of hybrid imaging, and the final chapter presents a large sample of teaching cases and files that will assist in daily clinical practice. The book has been compiled under the auspices of the British Nuclear Medicine Society. It will be an excellent asset for nuclear medicine physicians, radiologists, radiographers, neurologists and neurosurgeons.

This book presents as teaching files a collection of cases of thyroid and parathyroid diseases seen at various high-volume endocrinology centers. The cases, most of which are accompanied by instructive images, have been selected in order to impart clinically relevant knowledge on the full range of endocrine disorders of thyroid and parathyroid origin. Accordingly, the book covers not only situations that are frequently encountered by the clinician in primary care, but also uncommon disorders and unusual presentations of common disorders. The comprehensive nature of the coverage will assist in resolving diagnostic dilemmas, and the reader will also find up-to-date information on disease management. The recommendations provided are based on current evidence-based clinical practice guidelines and are supported by relevant literature so as to harmonize available evidence-based protocols with current clinical practice. Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases: A Case-Based Guide is designed to be thought provoking and to aid knowledge retention. Written by renowned experts in nuclear medicine, clinical endocrinology, oncology, and general surgery, it will appeal to specialists and residents in these fields.

The purpose of ICRP 72 is to summarise data on age dependent committed effective dose coefficients for members of the public from intakes by ingestion and inhalation of radioisotopes of the 91 elements described in ICRP Publications 56, 67, 68, 69 and 71. These dose coefficients have been adopted in the International Atomic Energy Agency in their publication on International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionising Radiation, and in the Euratom Directive. The report does not give committed equivalent dose coefficients to tissues and organs. The report will be useful to operational health physicists and to regulatory and advisory bodies responsible for radiation protection.

An ongoing objective of ICRP is to evaluate dose coefficients (doses per unit intake) for members of the public. The purpose ofICRP Publication 71 is to provide updated inhalation dose coefficients for selected radioisotopes of hydrogen, carbon, sulphur, calcium, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, selenium, strontium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, silver, antimony, tellurium, iodine, caesium, barium, cerium, lead, polonium, radium, thorium, uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americium and curium. Age-dependent biokinetic models for calcium, curium and for decay products formed following the intake of lead, radium, tellurium, thorium and uranium are provided in annexes.

This atlas elucidates the role of the neuronal component in normal cardiovascular function and cardiac disorders and discusses the currently available imaging targets and probes. It provides a foundation in cardiac neuronal imaging and image processing and serves as a guide in the effective utilization of these techniques in clinical and research settings. The atlas discusses the principles of autonomic control in the regulation of cardiac function and disease; chemistry and biology of radiotracers designed to target changes in the myocardial sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation as a function of disease or treatment; neuronal imaging in heart failure and reverse remodeling and the use of PET imaging in quantification of cardiac innervation; cardiac sympathetic innervation in ventricular arrhythmias and device therapy; conditions that affect the autonomic nervous system; and the role of myocardial blood flow and cardiac neuronal imaging in denervation and reinnervation in cardiac transplant recipients. Featuring full-color illustrations, schematic diagrams, and diagnostic algorithms, Atlas of Cardiac Innervation is a valuable resource for cardiologists, radiologists, nuclear medicine physicians, and electrophysiologists.

This superbly illustrated book combines the systematic approach of a textbook with the simplicity of consultation of an atlas in order to provide a comprehensive guide to the applications and benefits of scintigraphic studies in children. All of the clinical scenarios in which conventional nuclear medicine techniques frequently play a role in children are covered, with explanation of imaging diagnosis, the relevance of clinical history, problem solving, and pitfalls. The images themselves are the key focus of the book, and in each setting the added value offered by scintigraphy is carefully identified. The book also describes management of the pediatric patient and addresses general considerations, including reception, interaction with parents, radiopharmaceutical administration, image acquisition, radiation exposure, and the relationship of nuclear medicine and radiology. Since the child is not a young adult, it is insufficient simply to adapt nuclear medicine procedures performed in adults to the age and size of the child. Conventional Nuclear Medicine in Pediatrics will be a rich source of information for all who perform these procedures in the pediatric setting.

This atlas is intended to enable nuclear medicine practitioners who routinely read PET/CT scans to recognize the most common CT abnormalities. Reading PET/CT scans can sometimes be challenging. It is not infrequent, in fact, to encounter abnormal findings in CT images (not related to the neoplastic disease under evaluation) that are functionally silent and therefore difficult to interpret for nuclear medicine practitioners. Frequently, these findings are clinically relevant and should be reported, interpreted and compared to previous scans. This may also have an impact on patient management, since expensive tests like PET/CT are expected to provide the highest level of diagnostic information. Generally, CT images associated with a PET scan are acquired in a low-dose modality, and therefore prove to be sub-optimal for CT image interpretation. Sometimes a comparison with a full-resolution and contrast-enhanced CT atlas may be difficult. Low-dose CT slices are thicker than diagnostic CT and offer less anatomical detail, which can affect accuracy in terms of recognizing both anatomical structures and pathological findings. Today it is becoming increasingly common to acquire a standard PET/CT by combining the administration of contrast media and a diagnostic CT; here, too, basic CT reporting skills are needed in clinical practice. This atlas features a chapter on "normal anatomy" (with and without contrast media) that is based on low-dose and full-dose CT images from PET/CT standard acquisition, and which identifies all the relevant anatomical structures. Other chapters (focusing on the thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and musculoskeletal system) present cases with common and uncommon anatomical abnormalities. The addition of new cases with ceCT in this revised second edition rounds out the coverage of PET/CT reporting. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to nuclear medicine physicians, radiologists, and oncologists alike.

This book is a learning aid and reference tool that provides all the important information pertaining to radioactive tracers within a single, easy-to-read volume. It introduces a new learning methodology that will help the reader to recall key facts on each tracer, including production, physical and chemical characteristics, study protocols, mechanism of action, distribution, and clearance. In addition, normal and abnormal tracer distributions are graphically reproduced on an outline of the human body using multiple colors. The book will be of value for all radiologists and medical students seeking a reliable source of essential information on radioactive tracers that can be readily consulted during everyday practice and used in preparation for examinations.

Performing any diagnostic test in medicine is always a matter of trying to get the condition of the patient diagnosed properly with the least effort, exposure, discomfort and at the same time with the lowest possible error probability. Pre-test probability is helpful but often imprecise, effectively overestimating the patient's risk profile. In a broader prevention objective, the phases of a disease, its onset, progression, and complications must be taken into account. The negative predictive value, which is so important, has in turn its main limitation in identifying the healthy patient, that is, the one who does not belong to any cluster of patients in which we would act in terms of prevention. In coronary syndromes, the goal is instead to evaluate coronary heart disease, from mild to more extensive and significant forms. For this purpose, it is necessary to use parameters that investigate different and complementary aspects: stenosis, ischemia, the morphology of the atherosclerotic plaque, metabolic processes, in particular vitality and apoptosis, the presence of inflammatory processes. The possibility, already present thanks to Hybrid Imaging, of 'joining' exams that study different aspects, will allow the patient to be increasingly characterized not only from a diagnostic point of view but also from a prognostic and personalized therapeutic choice.