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The Enterprisers - The Politics of School in Early Modern Russia (Hardcover)
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The Enterprisers - The Politics of School in Early Modern Russia (Hardcover)
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The Enterprisers traces the emergence of the "modern" school in
Russia during the reigns of Peter I and his immediate successors,
up to the accession of Catherine II. Creation of the new, secular,
technically-oriented schools based on the imported Western European
blueprints is traditionally presented as the key element in Peter
I's transformation of Russia. The tsar, it is assumed, needed
schools to train officers and engineers for his new army and the
navy, and so he personally designed these new institutions and
forced them upon his unwilling subjects. In this sense, school also
stands in as a metaphor for modern institutions in Russia in
general, which are likewise seen as created from the top down, by
the forceful state, in response to its military and technological
needs. Yet, in reality, Peter I himself never wrote much about
education, and while he championed "learning" in a broad sense, he
had remarkably little to say about the ways schools and schooling
should be organized. Nor were his general and admirals, including
foreigners in Russian service, keen on promoting formal schooling:
for them, practical apprenticeship still remained the preferred
method of training. Rather, as Fedyukin argues in this book, the
trajectories of institutional change were determined by the efforts
of "administrative entrepreneurs"-or projecteurs, as they were also
called-who built new schools as they sought to achieve diverse
career goals, promoted their own pet ideas, advanced their claims
for expertise, and competed for status and resources. By drawing on
a wealth of unpublished archival sources, Fedyukin explores the
"micropolitics" behind the key episodes of educational innovation
in the first half of the eighteenth century and offers an entirely
new way of thinking about "Petrine revolution" and about the early
modern state in Russia.
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