How serious is medical care inflation in the United States? For
many years, price indexes for medical care have outstripped the
overall rate of inflation. For example, between 1986 and 1996, the
medical care component of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 6.5
percent per year, roughly exceeding the annual increase in the
overall CPI during this period by 75 percent. Many economists,
however, believe that economic statistics on medical care do not
accurately measure medical care price changes because it is
especially difficult to construct accurate price indexes for
medical markets. Some very recent research, reported in this
volume, suggests that --contrary to the usual presumption of
runaway medical inflation --prices for at least some medical care
interventions are not rising rapidly and may even be falling.
Understanding medical care inflation is important for policy issues
such as medical care cost containment. Medical care price indexes
also affect other economic statistics on medical care, including
national accounts and the national health accounts. Understanding
economic trends in the medical care sector is vitally dependent on
accurate medical care price measures. This volume, the result of a
conference cosponsored by the Brookings Institution and the
American Enterprise Institute, brings together state-of-the-art
methodological and empirical work on the measurement of medical
outcomes and prices. It will be a useful tool for anyone concerned
about medical inflation, medical outcomes, the quality of medical
treatments, and public policy toward medical cost containment.
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