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Study and Design of Differential Microphone Arrays (Paperback, 2013 ed.)
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Study and Design of Differential Microphone Arrays (Paperback, 2013 ed.)
Series: Springer Topics in Signal Processing, 6
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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Microphone arrays have attracted a lot of interest over the last
few decades since they have the potential to solve many important
problems such as noise reduction/speech enhancement, source
separation, dereverberation, spatial sound recording, and source
localization/tracking, to name a few. However, the design and
implementation of microphone arrays with beamforming algorithms is
not a trivial task when it comes to processing broadband signals
such as speech. Indeed, in most sensor arrangements, the beamformer
output tends to have a frequency-dependent response. One exception,
perhaps, is the family of differential microphone arrays (DMAs) who
have the promise to form frequency-independent responses. Moreover,
they have the potential to attain high directional gains with small
and compact apertures. As a result, this type of microphone arrays
has drawn much research and development attention recently. This
book is intended to provide a systematic study of DMAs from a
signal processing perspective. The primary objective is to develop
a rigorous but yet simple theory for the design, implementation,
and performance analysis of DMAs. The theory includes some signal
processing techniques for the design of commonly used first-order,
second-order, third-order, and also the general Nth-order DMAs. For
each order, particular examples are given on how to form standard
directional patterns such as the dipole, cardioid, supercardioid,
hypercardioid, subcardioid, and quadrupole. The study demonstrates
the performance of the different order DMAs in terms of
beampattern, directivity factor, white noise gain, and gain for
point sources. The inherent relationship between differential
processing and adaptive beamforming is discussed, which provides a
better understanding of DMAs and why they can achieve high
directional gain. Finally, we show how to design DMAs that can be
robust against white noise amplification.
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