The Greek city of Nikopolis was founded by Octavian (later known as
the Emperor Augustus) after his victory in the naval battle of
nearby Actium in 31 BC. The city was a result of a so-called
synoecism, i.e., the inhabitants of numerous Greek cities in the
region (Epirus, Acharnania and Aetolia) were forced to leave their
former dwellings and establish themselves in the newly built city,
which became the capital of the coastal region. Since 1987 a joint
Greek-American archaeological and geological Nikopolis project has
registered, conserved and restored monuments inside and outside the
city and conducted a survey of Southern Epirus aiming at
understanding the changing relationship between humans and
landscape. The main issue has been the impact of the new metropolis
in the region and to what extent the towns included in the
synoecism were actually left uninhabited.
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