One of the major philosophical problems in physical sciences is
what criteria should determine how scientific theories are selected
and justified in practice and whether, in describing observable
physical phenomena, such theories are effectively constrained to be
unique. This book studies the example of a particular theory, the
S-matrix theory. The S-matrix program was initiated by Heisenberg
to deal with difficulties encountered in quantum field theories in
describing particular phenomena. Since then, each theory has at
different times been favoured as the explanation of observed
phenomena. Certainly the S-matrix theory was adequate, feasible and
fertile. However, the quantum field theory interpretation is now
widely accepted and the study of alternative theories is all but
abandoned. By examining the philosophy which influenced the turns
in this story, the author explains how an adequate and viable
theory fell out of favour and concludes with a critique of
different methodologies in the history of science. This book will
be of value to both philosophers of science and physicists
interested in the philosophical background to their field.
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