In his earlier book, "How Humans Relate," John Birtchnell
proposed that relating occurs along two axes, a horizontal one
concerning becoming close versus being distant and a vertical one
concerning being upper versus being lower. He called closeness,
distance, upperness, and lowerness the relating objectives, and he
proposed that people need to acquire competence in attaining and
maintaining these objectives. In this book, he argues that the task
of psychotherapists is to identify and correct, within these axes,
people's relating incompetencies, and to enable people to cope with
the relating incompetencies of others. He considers this to be the
case across all psychotherapies.
Dr. Birtchnell proposes the existence of an unconscious,
automatic, inner brain that monitors the relating objectives. He
argues that the psychotherapist assists the person, through the
conscious, outer brain, to correct and improve the inner brain's
least effective relating strategies. He uses the term interrelating
to describe the interplay between the relating of two or more
people. This has application in couple, family, group, and
community therapy, in which the psychotherapist's task is to enable
the interrelaters to understand and correct their mutually
reinforcing, destructive interactions. He introduces a set of
questionnaires, from the scores of which a computer can print out
an easy-to-read diagram of the direction and degree of people's
relating incompetencies.
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