J. S. MILLS PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENTIFIC METHOD The Hafner Library of
Classics Number Twelve OSKAR PIEST Editor in Chief EDITORIAL
ADVISORY BOARD CURT J. DUCASSE Professor of Philosophy, Brown
University CLARENCE H. FAUST Dean of the Humanities and Sciences
Stanford University ROBERT M. MACIVER Professor of Political
Science, Columbia University ROSCOE POUND University Professor,
Emeritus Formerly Dean of the Law School of Harvard University
HERBERT W. SCHNEIDER Professor of Philosophy, Columbia University
John Stuart Mills Philosophy of Scientific Method Edited with an
Introduction by ERNEST NAGEL Professor of Philosophy, Columbia
University 1950 HAFNER PUBLISHING COMPANY NEW YORK CONTENTS PAGE
EDITORS INTRODUCTION xv NOTE ON THE TEXT xlix SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
1 A SYSTEM OF LOGIC PREFACE 3 INTRODUCTION 1. Is logic the art and
science of reasoning 2 . . . 7 2. Logic is concerned with
inferences, not with intuitive truths 4, abridged 8 3. Relation of
logic to the other sciences 5 . . . 11 BOOK I OF NAMES AND
PROPOSITIONS CHAPTER I. OF THE NECESSITY OF COMMENCING WITH AN
ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE 1. Theory of names, why a necessary part of
logic . 13 2. First step in the analysis of propositions . . 15 II.
OF NAMES 1. Names are names of things, not of our ideas . 16 2.
Words which are not names, but parts of names . 17 3. General and
singular names 20 4. Concrete and abstract 22 5. Connotative and
non-connotative abridged . 24 III. OF THE THINGS DENOTED BY NAMES
1. Necessity of an enumeration of namable things. The categories of
Aristotle abridged . . 35 2. Feelings, or states of consciousness 3
. . 35 3. Feelings must be distinguished from their physical
antecedents. Perceptions, what 4 . . 374. Volitions and actions,
what 5 . . . . 40 5. Substance and attribute 6 40 VI CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE 6. Body 7 42 7. Mind 8 48 8. Qualities 9 49 9.
Relations 10 52 10. Resemblance 11 55 11. Quantity 12 58 12. All
attributes of bodies are grounded on states of consciousness 13 59
13. So also all attributes of mind 14 ... 60 14. Recapitulation 15
61 IV. OF THE IMPORT OF PROPOSITIONS CH. V 1. Doctrine that a
proposition is the expression of a relation between two ideas 64 2.
that it consists in referring something to, or excluding something
from, a class 3, abridged 67 3. What it really is 4 71 4. It
asserts or denies a sequence, a co-existence, a simple existence, a
causation 5, abridged . 73 5. or a resemblance 6, abridged .... 76
6. Propositions of which the terms are abstract 7 . 78 V. OF
PROPOSITIONS MERELY VERBAL CH. VI 1. All essential propositions are
identical propositions 2 82 2. Individuals have no essences 3 . . .
. 86 3. Real propositions, how distinguished from verbal 4 87 4.
Two modes of representing the import of a real proposition 5 88 VI.
OF THE NATURE OF CLASSIFICATION AND THE FIVE PREDICABLES CH. VII 1.
Classification, how connected with naming . . 90 2. Kinds have a
real existence in nature 4, abridged 91 VII. OF DEFINITION CH. VIII
1. A definition, what abridged 96 2. Every name can be defined
whose meaning is sus ceptible of analysis 97 3. How distinguished
from descriptions 4, abridged 100 CONTENTS Vll CHAPTER PAGE 4. What
are called definitions of things are defini tions of names with an
implied assumption of the existence of things corresponding to them
5, abridged 102 5. Definitions, though of names only, must be
grounded on knowledge of the corresponding things7, abridged 106
BOOK II OF REASONING I. OF INFERENCE, OR REASONING, IN GENERAL 1.
Retrospect of the preceding book abridged . . 109 2. Inferences
improperly so called abridged . .110 II. OF RATIOCINATION, OR
SYLLOGISM 1. Analysis of the syllogism abridged . . . Ill 2. The
dictum de omni not the foundation of reason ing, but a mere
identical proposition . .112 3. What is the really fundamental
axiom of ratiocina tion 116 4. The other form of the axiom 118 III.
OF THE FUNCTIONS AND LOGICAL VALUE OF THE SYLLOGISM 1. Is the
syllogism a petitio prindpiif . . ...
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