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Red China's Green Revolution - Technological Innovation, Institutional Change, and Economic Development Under the Commune (Paperback)
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Red China's Green Revolution - Technological Innovation, Institutional Change, and Economic Development Under the Commune (Paperback)
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China's dismantling of the Mao-era rural commune system and return
to individual household farming under Deng Xiaoping has been seen
as a successful turn away from a misguided social experiment and a
rejection of the disastrous policies that produced widespread
famine. In this revisionist study, Joshua Eisenman marshals
previously inaccessible data to overturn this narrative, showing
that the commune modernized agriculture, increased productivity,
and spurred an agricultural green revolution that laid the
foundation for China's future rapid growth. Red China's Green
Revolution tells the story of the commune's origins, evolution, and
downfall, demonstrating its role in China's economic ascendance.
After 1970, the commune emerged as a hybrid institution, including
both collective and private elements, with a high degree of local
control over economic decision but almost no say over political
ones. It had an integrated agricultural research and extension
system that promoted agricultural modernization and collectively
owned local enterprises and small factories that spread rural
industrialization. The commune transmitted Mao's collectivist
ideology and enforced collective isolation so it could overwork and
underpay its households. Eisenman argues that the commune was
eliminated not because it was unproductive, but because it was
politically undesirable: it was the post-Mao leadership led by Deng
Xiaoping-not rural residents-who chose to abandon the commune in
order to consolidate their control over China. Based on detailed
and systematic national, provincial, and county-level data, as well
as interviews with agricultural experts and former commune members,
Red China's Green Revolution is a comprehensive historical and
social scientific analysis that fundamentally challenges our
understanding of recent Chinese economic history.
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