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Molecular Biology of Chromosome Function (Hardcover, 1989 ed.)
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Molecular Biology of Chromosome Function (Hardcover, 1989 ed.)
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Chromosomes have structure, determined by the interactions of
proteins with DNA, and chromosomes have functions, in particular,
replication of DNA and transcription of messenger RNA. Chromosome
structure and function are not separate topics, since chromosome
organization pro- foundly influences the activity of the genome in
replication and transcrip- tion. This is especially clear for
higher cells, including human cells, in which chromatin fibers are
created by the binding of histone proteins to the DNA, and folding
of the fibers produces mitotic chromosomes and interphase nuclei.
The intricate organization of DNA in higher cells is now recognized
as being closely involved with genome activity. Many fundamental
results have originated from studies of bacterial and viral
systems, which have been systems of choice because of their less
complex life cycles. The processes of replication and transcription
show differences between the higher and simpler systems (e. g. ,
different enzymes and protein factors are involved). But the
parallels are as striking as the differences in detail. Even for
bacteria and viruses, a full understanding of these processes will
require integrating the results of molecular biology with those of
structural biology and cell biology. Three important subjects are
covered in this volume: DNA replication and recombination, gene
transcription, and chromosome organization. The sections dealing
with replication and transcription examine recent results obtained
by applying the techniques of molecular biology and biochemistry.
Eukaryotic, prokaryotic, and viral systems are discussed.
General
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