Guns had an enormous impact on the social, economic, cultural, and
political lives of civilian men, women and children of all social
strata in early modern England. In this study, Lois Schwoerer
identifies and analyzes England's domestic gun culture from 1500 to
1740, uncovering how guns became available, what effects they had
on society, and how different sectors of the population contributed
to gun culture. The rise of guns made for recreational use followed
the development of a robust gun industry intended by King Henry
VIII to produce artillery and military handguns for war. Located
first in London, the gun industry brought the city new sounds,
smells, street names, shops, sights, and communities of gun
workers, many of whom were immigrants. Elite men used guns for
hunting, target shooting, and protection. They collected
beautifully decorated guns, gave them as gifts, and included them
in portraits and coats-of-arms, regarding firearms as a mark of
status, power, and sophistication. With statutes and proclamations,
the government legally denied firearms to subjects with an annual
income under GBP100?about 98 percent of the population?whose
reactions ranged from grudging acceptance to willful disobedience.
Schwoerer shows how this domestic gun culture influenced England's
Bill of Rights in 1689, a document often cited to support the claim
that the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution conveys
the right to have arms as an Anglo-American legacy. Schwoerer shows
that the Bill of Rights did not grant a universal right to have
arms, but rather a right restricted by religion, law, and economic
standing, terms that reflected the nation's gun culture. Examining
everything from gunmakers' records to wills, and from period
portraits to toy guns, Gun Culture in Early Modern England offers
new data and fresh insights on the place of the gun in English
society.
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