At the heart of generative phonology lies the assumption that the
sounds of every language have abstract underlying representations,
which undergo various changes in order to generate the 'surface'
representations; that is, the sounds we actually pronounce. The
existence, status and form of underlying representations have been
hotly debated in phonological research since the introduction of
the phoneme in the nineteenth century. This book provides a
comprehensive overview of theories of the mental representation of
the sounds of language. How does the mind store and process
phonological representations? Kramer surveys the development of the
concept of underlying representation over the last 100 years or so
within the field of generative phonology. He considers phonological
patterns, psycholinguistic experiments, statistical generalisations
over data corpora and phenomena such as hypercorrection. The book
offers a new understanding of contrastive features and proposes a
modification of the optimality-theoretic approach to the generation
of underlying representations.
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