In the era of globalisation, European integration, mass migration,
and changing patterns of political participation and welfare state
provision, the precise shape and structure of citizenship in Europe
seems to be altering. This book explores these developments through
an analysis of a range of perspectives, uniting a theoretical
orientation with an empirical approach. The central theme of the
book is that the way in which we assess the impact of changes in
migration, political participation, etc. on citizenship depends
upon how we view citizenship theoretically.
The text is divided into two sections. In the first section, the
book identifies three main theoretical approaches to citizenship:
classical positions (liberal, communitarian and republican);
multiculturalist and feminist theories of citizenship (and how they
are, in different ways, concerned with the question of difference:
how can citizenship most appropriately deal with different
identities?); and finally, the further challenge raised by
post-national or cosmopolitan theories of citizenship.
The second section of the book focuses on four key social,
economic and political developments which pose challenges for
citizenship in Europe: migration, political participation, the
welfare state and European integration. These issues have been
chosen as they represent the most significant challenges to and for
citizenship in contemporary Europe. They raise questions of
identity, belonging, participation, welfare -- all key themes for
citizenship. They also reflect T.H. Marshall's civil, political and
social spheres of citizenship. In each of these areas, changes
and/or developments raise crucial questions for citizenship:
The increase in the movement of people within and across Europe
poses a series of challenges to national citizenship which centre
around questions of identity, borders, rights and communities.
Formal political participation in many countries is in decline.
Is citizenship in decline, or is it rather that citizens are
changing the ways in which they express themselves politically?
If not actually in decline, the welfare state is widely
considered to be at least under pressure to be reformed. The
central question is: what are the implications of any changes in
the welfare state for citizenship?
The process of European Integration impacts upon citizenship in
two important ways: the EU impacts upon national citizenship, as it
affects state provision and policy across a range of policy areas;
there is also the issue of European citizenship as a burgeoning
post-national citizenship. So what is citizenship of the European
Union and what does it mean? All of these issues raise fundamental
questions about the status and meaning of citizenship in
contemporary Europe.
Key Features:
Unites theoretical reflections on citizenship with a wide range
of contemporary citizenship issues
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