"[An] outstanding pioneering effort. . . . Scholars and lay readers
with an interest in 20th century North Africa, Jewish community
life, Zionism, and political development will find much here that
is new and useful. Highly recommended."
--"International Journal of Middle East Studies"
"Drawing on French government archives, documents of the
Alliance Isralite Universelle (AIU), Israeli archives, interviews
and published sources, Laskier provides a readable, well-integrated
socio-political history of the Jewish communities of North
Africa."
--"Religious Studies Review"
Before widescale emigration in the early 1960s, North Africa's
Jewish communities were among the largest in the world. Without
Jewish emigrants from North Africa, Israel's dynamic growth would
simply not have occured. North African Jews, also called Maghribi,
strengthed the new Israeli state through their settlements, often
becoming the victims of Arab-Israeli conflicts and terrorist
attacks. Their contribution and struggles are, in many ways, akin
to the challenges emigrants from the former Soviet Union are
currently encountering in Israel. Today, these North African Jewish
communities are a vital force in Israeli society and politics as
well as in France and Quebec.
In the first major political history of North African Jewry,
Michael Laskier paints a compelling picture of three Third World
Jewish communities, tracing their exposure to modernization and
their relations with the Muslims and the European settlers. Perhaps
the most extraordinary feature of this volume is its astonishing
array of primary sources. Laskier draws on a wide range of archives
in Israel, Europe, and the United States and onpersonal interviews
with former community leaders, Maghribi Zionists, and Jewish
outsiders who lived and worked among North Africa's Jews to
recreate the experiences and development of these communities.Among
the subjects covered:
--Jewish conditions before and during colonial penetration by the
French and Spanish;
--anti-Semitism in North Africa, as promoted both by European
settlers and Maghribi nationalists;
--the precarious position of Jews amidst the struggle between
colonized Muslims and European colonialists;
--the impact of pogroms in the 1930s and 1940s and the Vichy/Nazi
menace;
--internal Jewish communal struggles due to the conflict between
the proponents of integration, and of emigration to other lands,
and, later, the communal self-liquidiation process;--the role of
clandestine organizations, such as the Mossad, in organizing for
self-defense and illegal immigration;--and, more generally, the
history of the North African aliyaand Zionist activity from the
beginning of the twentieth century onward.
A unique and unprecedented study, Michael Laskier's work will
stand as the definitive account of North African Jewry for some
time.
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