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Approaches to Understanding the Cumulative Effects of Stressors on Marine Mammals (Paperback)
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Approaches to Understanding the Cumulative Effects of Stressors on Marine Mammals (Paperback)
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Marine mammals face a large array of stressors, including loss of
habitat, chemical and noise pollution, and bycatch in fishing,
which alone kills hundreds of thousands of marine mammals per year
globally. To discern the factors contributing to population trends,
scientists must consider the full complement of threats faced by
marine mammals. Once populations or ecosystems are found to be at
risk of adverse impacts, it is critical to decide which combination
of stressors to reduce to bring the population or ecosystem into a
more favorable state. Assessing all stressors facing a marine
mammal population also provides the environmental context for
evaluating whether an additional activity could threaten it.
Approaches to Understanding the Cumulative Effects of Stressors on
Marine Mammals builds upon previous reports to assess current
methodologies used for evaluating cumulative effects and identify
new approaches that could improve these assessments. This review
focuses on ways to quantify exposure-related changes in the
behavior, health, or body condition of individual marine mammals
and makes recommendations for future research initiatives. Table of
Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Estimating Exposure
and Effects of Sound on Wildlife 3 Current Understanding of
Stressors 4 Assessing Interactions Among Stressors 5 Modeling the
Population Consequences of Exposure to Multiple Stressors 6
Interactions Among Stressors and Challenges to Understanding Their
Cumulative Effects 7 Early Warning Signs of Risk to Populations 8
Approaches to Assess Cumulative Impacts References Appendix A:
Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Relevant Laws and Regulations Appendix
C: Committee and Staff Biographies Appendix D: Glossary
General
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