Over the last decade changing family life and increasing fiscal
constraints on welfare expenditures have forced industrialized
nations to reconsider how they approach social protection. Faced
with fiscal and demographic changes, many countries have been
struggling to -develop innovative policy responses. Some involve
targeting benefits in order to shrink existing program commitments,
to focus welfare expenditures on those most in need, and to give
social welfare systems more flexibility in redirecting available
resources to meet emerging demands. Targeting Social Benefits:
International Perspectives and Trends provides a systematic
assessment of the trend toward targeting in seven countries
representing a range of industrialized welfare states-New Zealand,
the Netherlands, Britain, Israel, the United States, Italy, and
Sweden. The contributors to this volume examine the extent to which
each country has adopted measures to focus social benefits on
specific population groups and particularly social welfare program
areas. A summary chapter surveys and categorizes the choices
nations have made in targeting methods, culls the lessons learned
for recent reforms, and explores the implications of these
developments for the future of the welfare state. Specific methods
for targeting benefits in different program areas are analyzed,
which includes means-tests, income testing, diagnostic criteria,
behavioral requirements and the use of socio-demo-graphic
categories. This illuminating volume provides an in-depth
understanding of alternative approaches to and consequences of
policies designed to target social benefits. It will help scholars,
professionals, and policymakers deepen their understanding of the
alternative methods and consequences of recent policies designed to
shift the allocation of social welfare benefits. Neil Gilbert is
Chernin Professor of Social Welfare at the School of Social
Welfare, University of California at Berkeley, and Director of the
Center for Comparative Family Welfare and Poverty Research. Dr.
Gilbert served as a Senior Research Fellow for the United Nations
Research Institute for Social Development in Geneva and was twice
awarded Fulbright Fellowships to study European social policy. His
numerous publications include 22 books and 100 articles that have
appeared in the Wall Street Journal, The Public Interest, Society,
Commentary, and other leading academic journals.
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