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Crusading and the Ottoman Threat, 1453-1505 (Hardcover)
Loot Price: R3,277
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Crusading and the Ottoman Threat, 1453-1505 (Hardcover)
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The fifty years that followed Mehmed II's capture of Constantinople
in 1453 witnessed a substantial attempt to revive the crusade as
the principal military mechanism for defending Christian Europe
against the advance of the Ottoman Turks. Norman Housley's study
investigates the origins, character, and significance of this
ambitious programme. He locates it against the broad background of
crusading history, and assesses the extent to which protagonists
and lobbyists for a crusade managed to refashion crusading to meet
the Turkish threat, combining traditional practices with new
outlooks and techniques. He pays particular attention to diplomatic
exchanges and political decision-making, military organization,
communication, and devotional behaviour. Housley demonstrates the
impressive scale of the effort that was made to create a crusading
response to the Turks. Crusaders were recruited in very large
numbers between 1454 and 1464, and in 1501-3 substantial sums of
money were raised through the vigorous preaching of indulgences in
the Holy Roman Empire. But while the crusading cause was recognized
as important and urgent, the mobilization of resources was
prejudiced by the volatile nature of international politics, and by
the weakness of the Renaissance papacy. Even when frontline states
such as Hungary and Venice welcomed crusading contributions to
their conflicts with the Ottomans, building robust structures of
cooperation proved to be beyond the ability of contemporaries. As
the Middle Ages drew to a close, the paradox of crusade was that
its promotion and finance impacted on the lives of Catholics more
than its instruments affected the struggle for domination of the
Mediterranean Sea and south-eastern Europe.
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