The conservation of marine benthic biodiversity is a recognised
goal of a number of national and international programs such as the
United Nations Convention on Biodiversity (CBD). In order to attain
this goal, information is needed about the distribution of life in
the ocean so that spatial conservation measures such as marine
protected areas (MPAs) can be designed to maximise protection
within boundaries of acceptable dimensions. Ideally, a map would be
produced that showed the distribution of benthic biodiversity to
enable the efficient design of MPAs. The dilemma is that such maps
do not exist for most areas and it is not possible at present to
predict the spatial distribution of all marine life using the
sparse biological information currently available.
Knowledge of the geomorphology and biogeography of the seafloor
has improved markedly over the past 10 years. Using multibeam
sonar, the benthic ecology of submarine features such as fjords,
sand banks, coral reefs, seamounts, canyons, mud volcanoes and
spreading ridges has been revealed in unprecedented detail.
This book provides a synthesis of seabed geomorphology and
benthic habitats based on the most recent, up-to-date information.
Introductory chapters explain the drivers that underpin the need
for benthic habitat maps, including threats to ocean health, the
habitat mapping approach based on principles of biogeography and
benthic ecology and seabed (geomorphic) classification schemes.
Case studies from around the world are then presented. They
represent a range of seabed features where detailed bathymetric
maps have been combined with seabed video and sampling to yield an
integrated picture of the benthic communities that are associated
with different types of benthic habitat. The final chapter examines
critical knowledge gaps and future directions for benthic habitat
mapping research.
Reviews and compares the different methodologies currently being
used Includes global case studiesProvides geological expertise into
what has traditionally been a biological discipline
General
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