Point-to-point vs. hub-and-spoke. Questions of network design are
real and involve many billions of dollars. Yet little is known
about optimizing design - nearly all work concerns optimizing flow
assuming a given design. This foundational book tackles
optimization of network structure itself, deriving comprehensible
and realistic design principles. With fixed material cost rates, a
natural class of models implies the optimality of direct
source-destination connections, but considerations of variable load
and environmental intrusion then enforce trunking in the optimal
design, producing an arterial or hierarchical net. Its
determination requires a continuum formulation, which can however
be simplified once a discrete structure begins to emerge.
Connections are made with the masterly work of Bendsoe and Sigmund
on optimal mechanical structures and also with neural, processing
and communication networks, including those of the Internet and the
Worldwide Web. Technical appendices are provided on random graphs
and polymer models and on the Klimov index.
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