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Chromatographic Methods (Paperback, 3rd Revised edition)
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Chromatographic Methods (Paperback, 3rd Revised edition)
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Classification of chromatographic methods Chromatography is the
name given to a particular family of separation techniques of great
effectiveness. The original method was described in 1903 by Tswett,
who used it for the separation of coloured substances, and the name
chromatog raphy stems from this. However, the limitation to
coloured compounds never really obtained, and most chromatographic
separations are nowadays performed on mixtures of colourless
substances, including gases. Like fractional distillation,
chromatography relies on the relative movement of two phases, but
in chromatography one is fixed and is known as the stationary
phase; the other is known as the mobile phase. Chromatographic
methods may be classified first according to the nature of the
mobile phase and, second, according to the nature of the stationary
phase. The mobile phase may be a liquid or a gas, and the
stationary phase may be a solid or a liquid. There are thus four
main sub-divisions of the chromatographic process, as set out in
Table 1.1. The system is called adsorption chromatography if the
stationary phase is a solid, and partition chromatography if it is
a liquid.
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