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Wake Up Little Susie - Single Pregnancy and Race Before Roe v Wade (Hardcover, New)
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Wake Up Little Susie - Single Pregnancy and Race Before Roe v Wade (Hardcover, New)
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In a thorough and important, if often tiresomely repetitive, study,
Solinger (Women's Studies/Univ. of Colorado, Boulder) dissects the
politics of female fertility in America from 1945-65, when the
strikingly different treatments of middle-class white and poor
black pregnant teenagers clearly reflected the demands of a racist,
family-centered economy. Before WW II, Solinger reports, unwed
mothers in the US were considered the products of defective, amoral
environments - permanent outcasts for whom no kind of
rehabilitation was possible. After the war, she argues, a perceived
societal need to produce as many white children in "healthy"
male-headed families as possible, combined with new Freudian
psychological theories and racist sociological assumptions
concerning black sexuality, engendered a dualistic treatment of
unwed pregnant women depending on the color of their skin. Whereas
the "market value" of white babies enabled and even encouraged
white single mothers to "sacrifice" their offspring for adoption in
exchange for a second chance at respectability (usually after exile
in a maternity home), "unmarketable" illegitimate black babies were
considered the inevitable product of the "natural" black libido and
were therefore left to be raised by their mothers, who were in turn
treated as incorrigible breeders who gave birth to win more
government benefits. With the "sexual revolution" (for whites) and
"population bomb" (for blacks) of the late 60's and early 70's came
the technological fixes of birth control and legalized abortion -
though these steps toward female self-determination for women of
all races were more a result, Solinger claims, of a slump in the
white baby market and fear of black overpopulation than of societal
concern for the fate of single mothers. Revelatory but regrettably
dry work with repercussions for today. (Kirkus Reviews)
Rickie Solinger provides the first published analyses of maternity
home programs for unwed mothers from 1945 to 1965, and examines how
nascent cultural and political constructs such as the "population
bomb" and the "sexual revolution" reinforced racially-specific
public policy initiatives. Such initiatives encouraged white women
to relinquish their babies, spawning a flourishing adoption market,
while they subjected black women to social welfare policies which
assumed they would keep their babies and aimed to prevent them from
having more.
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