TOLKIEN'S HEROIC QUEST
J.R.R. Tolkien was above all else a philologist, a scholarly and
expert on the Anglo-Saxon corpus of poetry. Yet, it is not
Tolkien's scholarly work which he is primarily remembered for, but
his mainstream success with The Hobbit and to an even greater
extent The Lord of The Rings. In actuality, Tolkien's scholarly
analysis and Tolkien's fiction and creations in the realm of faerie
are not independent endeavors; there is an intrinsic connection
between his two realms of writing: Tolkien's creative works owe a
great debt to his insight into the areas of scholarly study,
specifically within his observations on the poem The Battle of
Maldon and the Middle English poem, Sir Gawain and the Green
Knight. Not only does Tolkien bring the literary flavor of these
works into his fictional creation, allowing his reader to transcend
his time and inhabit a pseudo-era like but much unlike the world of
the Anglo-Saxon poems, Tolkien also applies to his creative work
his observations of ofermod within The Battle of Maldon and the
social/ moral distinction which he interprets within Sir Gawain and
the Green.
The encompassing claim of this study is that J.R.R. Tolkien
operated as a social critic through his fictional writing, and that
Tolkien's developing social criticism has its roots in his critical
interpretations of The Battle of Maldon and Sir Gawain and the
Green Knight.
Tolkien was primarily concerned with the elevation of man-made
social systems over a divine and moral law, and he worked to
deconstruct such systems as dangerous and flawed ideology that
would inevitably lead to the downfall of man. Tolkien's specific
interpretations on the corpus of his study reflect directly back
upon the heroics and social mechanics he creates for his fictional
realm of Middle-earth. This claim is intended to underline the
important relationship between Tolkien's scholarly study and
creative endeavor in a way which has not yet been fully developed
within the literary criticism on Tolkien.
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