Biofertilizers are important components of integrated nutrient
management. They are cost effective, ecofriendly and a renewable
source of plant nutrients to supplement chemical fertilizers in
sustainable agricultural systems in India.
This book is written with the objective of covering the basic
issues in Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF), such as physiology,
biochemistry and molecular genetics of nitrogen fixation, role of
signal molecules and host gene expression in nodulation and
nitrogen fixation for a thorough understanding of these processes
in symbiotic nitrogen fixing systems and the possibilities of
extending these agronomically potential and significant processes
to non-legumes. The potential benefits from the N2 fixing symbiotic
systems such as Sesbania rostrate Azolla, and free-living
cyanobacteria to rice crop and associative symbiotic N2 fixer
Azospirillum to rainfed crops have been discussed in detail.
Immobilization of cyanobacteria in a solid matrix such as
polyurethane foam for maximising ammonia production in rice fields
and endophytic nitrogen fixation in wheat have also been included
which are considered as potential technologies in the future. The
solubilization and mobilization of nutrients by phosphobacteria and
VA mycorrhiza and their role as bioinoculants, Acetobacter
diazotrophicus as a novel biofertilizer for sugarcane and the
cycad-cyanobacterial symbiosis have been clearly elucidated. These
potential biological fertilizers would play key roles in
productivity and sustainability of soil and also protect the
environment as ecofriendly and cost effective inputs for the
farmers.
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