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Alcala Zamora and the Failure of the Spanish Republic, 1931-1936 (Paperback)
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Alcala Zamora and the Failure of the Spanish Republic, 1931-1936 (Paperback)
Series: Sussex Studies in Spanish History
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The Second Spanish Republic (193136) was the only new liberal
democratic regime to emerge in Europe during the 1930s. Historians,
however, have focused primarily on the Civil War of 193639 that
followed, devoting much less attention to the parliamentary regime
that preceded it. This book deals with the history and failure of
the democratic polity in Spain through a detailed examination of
the initiatives of its president, Niceto Alcala Zamora. As civil
servant, lawyer, politician and writer, by 1931 he had become one
of the most successful men of Spain. He played the leading role in
the downfall of the monarchy and the inauguration of the Republic,
which he served for eight months as initial prime minister and then
as the first president. Stanley Paynes study argues that the
failure of the Republic was not inevitable but depended on the
policy choices of its president and the key party leaders. Alcala
Zamoras professed goal was to center the Republic, stabilizing the
new regime while avoiding extremes, but he failed altogether in
this project. The Constitution of 1931 stipulated the double
responsibility of parliamentary government both to the president
and to a voting majority. Though Alcala Zamora resisted strong
efforts from the left to cancel the results of the first fully
democratic elections in 1933, he subsequently used his powers
recklessly, making and unmaking governments at will, refusing to
permit normal functioning of parliament. This first critical
scholarly account of the presidency of Alcala Zamora casts new
light on the failure of democracy in interwar Europe and on the
origins of the Spanish Civil War.
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