The management of, and access to, water resources have been
universally identified as a key aspect of poverty reduction,
agriculture and food security and sustainable development in
developing, transitional, and developed countries worldwide. Yet
good "water governance," so eagerly sought, has in practice proven
difficult to achieve. This book, edited and authored by leading
authorities on water resource management, examines the recent
changes in governance, institutions, economics, and policies of
water, from a global point of view and a cross-country perspective,
with special emphasis on African and Southern African case
studies.The authors show that in recent years, water policies,
institutions, and governance have shifted from technical,
quantitative, supply-driven, centrally controlled management to
more demand-sensitive, qualitative, decentralized, participatory,
integrated approaches. Such a move also often supposes cost
recovery principles, resource allocation among competing sectors,
and privatization. In most developing countries, motivations for
these changes have been increased resource scarcity, increased
diversity of users and uses, urbanization, financial constraints
and the need for sustainable development through renewed water
management. Yet the creation and operation of new policies and
legal frameworks often fall short of initial expectations since
management transfer and decentralization processes, cost recovery
principles and the emergence of new local organizations have proven
difficult to implement. The book examines these issues through case
studies at national, river basin, and local levels using accessible
multidisciplinary approaches that integrate economics,
institutional analysis, geography, and policy analysis. Ultimately
the book untangles and presents best practices for policy and
decision makers, governments and regulators, NGOs and user groups,
farmers, water-supply companies, and researchers, and points
towards how good water governance structures can be developed and
implemented for the benefit of all.
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