Heat shock proteins are emerging as important molecules in the
development of cancer and as key targets in cancer therapy. These
proteins enhance the growth of cancer cells and protect tumors from
treatments such as drugs or surgery. However, new drugs have
recently been developed particularly those targeting heat shock
protein 90. As heat shock protein 90 functions to stabilize many of
the oncogenes and growth promoting proteins in cancer cells, such
drugs have broad specificity in many types of cancer cell and offer
the possibility of evading the development of resistance through
point mutation or use of compensatory pathways. Heat shock proteins
have a further property that makes them tempting targets in cancer
immunotherapy. These proteins have the ability to induce an
inflammatory response when released in tumors and to carry tumor
antigens to antigen presenting cells. They have thus become
important components of anticancer vaccines. Overall, heat shock
proteins are important new targets in molecular cancer therapy and
can be approached in a number of contrasting approaches to therapy.
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