In the past, food waste has been used to produce biogas and
biofuels, fertilizers, and animal feed. Using it as a feedstock for
innovative biorefineries is not only an ethical issue but also a
smart application of the circular economy. This book explores the
zero-waste concept in the thriving biobased sector, proposing
technologies and procedures to meet the sustainable development
goals. The volume categorizes food waste sources and proposes an
impressive number of high value-added compounds (e.g., platform
chemicals, enzymes, nutraceuticals, antioxidants, organic acids,
phosphate, bioadsorbents, pectin, solvents, and pigments) that can
be obtained in a sequential biocascade, via chemical, biochemical,
thermal, and physical technologies. The synthesis of bioplastics
from food waste, their copolymerization and blending, as well as
the production of biocomposites and bionanocomposite with
biofillers from food scraps, are presented: eluding the cost of
waste disposal, reducing biobased materials price, and avoiding
using edible resources as a starting material for biobased items
are the main beneficial peculiarities of the process. The Authors
illustrate challenging characteristics of new biobased materials,
such as their mechanical and physico-chemical features, their
biodegradability, compostability, recyclability, chemical
compatibility, and barrier properties. The volume also delves into
socioeconomic considerations and environmental concerns related to
the upcycling of food waste, as well as the safety and life cycle
assessment of biobased products. Finally, the authors address how
advances in digital technology can make food waste upcycling a
negative-cost process and discuss best practices to practically
implement the biorefinery concept. Research gaps and needs are
suggested, and recommendations for food waste handling and
management during this COVID-19 pandemic are provided.
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