This book discusses human perception and performance within the
framework of the theory of self-organizing systems. To that end, it
presents a variety of phenomena and experimental findings in the
research field, and provides an introduction to the theory of
self-organization, with a focus on amplitude equations, order
parameter and Lotka-Volterra equations. The book demonstrates that
relating the experimental findings to the mathematical models
provides an explicit account for the causal nature of human
perception and performance. In particular, the notion of
determinism versus free will is discussed in this context. The book
is divided into four main parts, the first of which discusses the
relationship between the concept of determinism and the fundamental
laws of physics. The second part provides an introduction to using
the self-organization approach from physics to understand human
perception and performance, a strategy used throughout the
remainder of the book to connect experimental findings and
mathematical models. In turn, the third part of the book focuses on
investigating performance guided by perception: climbing stairs and
grasping tools are presented in detail. Perceptually relevant
bifurcation parameters in the mathematical models are also
identified, e.g. in the context of walk-to-run gait transitions.
Chains of perceptions and actions together with their underlying
mechanisms are then presented, and a number of experimental
phenomena - such as selective attention, priming, child play,
bistable perception, retrieval-induced forgetting, functional
fixedness and memory effects exhibiting hysteresis with positive or
negative sign - are discussed. Human judgment making, internal
experiences such as dreaming and thinking, and Freud's concept of
consciousness are also addressed. The fourth and last part of the
book explores several specific topics such as learning, social
interactions between two people, life trajectories, and
applications in clinical psychology. In particular, episodes of
mania and depression under bipolar disorder, perception under
schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive rituals are discussed. This
book is intended for researchers and graduate students in
psychology, physics, applied mathematics, kinesiology, and the
sport sciences who want to learn about the foundations of the
field. Written for a mixed audience, the experiments and concepts
are presented using non-technical language throughout. In addition,
each chapter includes more advanced sections for modelers in the
fields of physics and applied mathematics.
General
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