A treasure for anyone interested in early modern India and the
history of mathematics, this first English translation of the
Siddhantasundara reveals the fascinating work of the
scholar-astronomer Jnanaraja (circa 1500 C.E.). Toke Lindegaard
Knudsen begins with an introduction to the traditions of ancient
Hindu astronomy and describes what is known of Jnanaraja's life and
family. He translates the Sanskrit verses into English and offers
expert commentary on the style and substance of Jnanaraja's
treatise.
The Siddhantasundara contains a comprehensive exposition of the
system of Indian astronomy, including how to compute planetary
positions and eclipses. It also explores deep, probing questions
about the workings of the universe and sacred Hindu traditions. In
a philosophical discussion, the treatise seeks a synthesis between
the cosmological model used by the Indian astronomical tradition
and the cosmology of a class of texts sacred in Hinduism. In his
discourse, which includes a discussion of the direction of down and
adhesive antipodeans, Jnanaraja rejects certain principles from the
astronomical tradition and reinterprets principles from the sacred
texts. He also constructs a complex poem on the seasons, many
verses of which have two layers of meaning, one describing a
season, the other a god's activities in that season.
The Siddhantasundara is the last major treatise of Indian
astronomy and cosmology to receive serious scholarly attention,
Knudsen's careful effort unveils the 500-year-old Sanskrit verses
and shows the clever quirkiness of Jnanaraja's writing style, his
keen use of mathematics, and his subtle philosophical
arguments.
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