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Books > Social sciences > Sociology, social studies > Anthropology
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The Aymara - Strategies in Human Adaptation to a Rigorous Environment (Hardcover, 1990 ed.)
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The Aymara - Strategies in Human Adaptation to a Rigorous Environment (Hardcover, 1990 ed.)
Series: Studies in Human Biology, 2
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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South America's Andean highlands have seen the rise and decline of
several impressive, indigenous civilizations. Separated somewhat in
time and place, each developed its distinctive socio-cultural
accouterments but all shared a need to adjust to the individual,
societal and environmental limitations imposed by life at high
altitude. Partial oxygen pressure, temperature and humidity fall
systematically as altitude rises, but there are other changes as
well. Darwin, Forbes, von Humboldt, von Tschudi and other
naturalists of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries who weaved
their way through South America commented repeatedly on the
tolerance or apparent indifference of the indigenes to the rigors
of life at altitudes above 3000 meters but its impact upon
lowlanders. Von Tschudi (1847), for example, observed 'in the
cordillera the effect of the diminished atmospheric pressure on the
human frame shows itself in intolerable symptoms of weariness and
an extreme difficulty of breathing . . . . The first symptoms are
usually felt at the elevation of 12,600 feet (3800 m) above the
sea. These symptoms are vertigo, dimness of sight and hearing,
pains in the head and nausea . . . . Inhabitants of the coast and
Europeans, who for the first time visit the lofty regions of the
cordillera, are usually attacked with this disorder. ' But von
Tschudi's description of acute mountain sickness was hardly the
first; his Spanish predecessors had known and commented upon it
too.
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