This Research Handbook highlights the importance of women as agents of change, acknowledging women entrepreneurs’ efforts and supporting their value-creation activities. With important implications for policymaking, contributing authors direct attention to and provide evidence for the positive contribution of women entrepreneurs to the economy, regardless of their businesses’ size and formal status. Challenging the underperformance hypothesis associated with women entrepreneurs, chapters present evidence that women do not underperform in their businesses, but that they add value even in constrained environments. This intends to shift the focus of research from questions like ‘what do entrepreneurs do?’ to ‘how do they do it?’, focusing on the unique ways in which each woman entrepreneur creates value, and ‘for whom do they do it?’, looking at the multiple value outcomes women entrepreneurs create and the beneficiaries of that value. With a global perspective on women’s entrepreneurship and their value creation, this Research Handbook will be vital reading for researchers of entrepreneurship, as well as government agencies and policymakers interested in promoting entrepreneurial activity.

This Research Handbook highlights the importance of women as agents of change, acknowledging women entrepreneurs' efforts and supporting their value-creation activities. With important implications for policymaking, contributing authors direct attention to and provide evidence for the positive contribution of women entrepreneurs to the economy, regardless of their businesses' size and formal status. Challenging the underperformance hypothesis associated with women entrepreneurs, chapters present evidence that women do not underperform in their businesses, but that they add value even in constrained environments. This intends to shift the focus of research from questions like 'what do entrepreneurs do?' to 'how do they do it?', focusing on the unique ways in which each woman entrepreneur creates value, and 'for whom do they do it?', looking at the multiple value outcomes women entrepreneurs create and the beneficiaries of that value. With a global perspective on women's entrepreneurship and their value creation, this Research Handbook will be vital reading for researchers of entrepreneurship, as well as government agencies and policymakers interested in promoting entrepreneurial activity.

Offering an empirically rigorous perspective on actionable approaches to entrepreneurship education, including learning, teaching and assessment methods, this book aims to bridge the gap between the theory and practice of entrepreneurship education as it relates to local, regional, national and international contexts. An impressive team of leading international authorities and acclaimed experts provide a comprehensive and in-depth exploration of the role and impact of entrepreneurship education in industrially developed and developing countries as well as transition economies. Incorporating a wealth of new, emergent and innovative techniques, this book will allow teachers to effectively encourage future entrepreneurs to realize their ideas and intentions, and to convert them into successful and sustainable small businesses. An excellent addition to current entrepreneurship education literature, this book will be of interest to entrepreneurship teachers, postgraduate and doctoral students, as well as graduate entrepreneurs, for its useful empirical basis, in addition to extensive theoretical and practical knowledge. Contributors include: D. Bolzani, C. Camarero, L. Cisneros S. Coleman, Y. Costin, G. de Jong, J. Delfino, I. Diego, A. Fayolle, A. Fernandez-Laviada, R. Fisher, F. Gul, P.D. Hannon, L. Hietanen, L. Huxtable-Thomas, B. Hynes, Y. Israel-Cohen, C. Jones, P. Jones, O. Kaplan, D. Kariv, C. Keen, P. Kyroe, E. Luppi H. Matlay, J.H. Mejia, C. Netana, M. O'Dwyer, A. Penaluna, K. Penaluna, A. Perez, D. Pickernell, T. Pihkala, M. Redondo, M.P. Rice, A. Robb, H. Ruismaki, E. Ruskovaara, P. San Martin, V. Sanchez-Famoso, J. Seikkula-Leino, W.C. Stitt, M. Zaheer Asghar

'Clearly, HEIs are discovering their innovative and entrepreneurial potential to reply to the society's distinct need for them to have a more entrepreneurial role, namely in innovation. This book succeeds in discussing the theme from an interdisciplinary perspective. For that reason, this book will be of help to practitioners in university management roles and policy-makers as well as anyone researching this theme and teaching entrepreneurship in HEIs.' - Nuno Fernandes Crespo, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal 'This book offers educators, entrepreneurs, policy makers, and researchers significant and practical implications. After reading the book, we can conclude that the different experiences described by authors on the academic tools and educational methods can be generalized in many other universities around the world, in both developed and developing countries.' - Waleed Omri, EDC Paris Business School, France 'Edited by four leading researchers, Entrepreneurial Universities provides innovative insights into how universities are contributing to the emergence of an entrepreneurial ecosystem that is both redefining universities themselves and shaping society. It is an important book for all those interested in how universities are reinventing themselves in a time of profound societal transformation.' - Tim Marjoribanks, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia 'Universities are called to be more and more entrepreneurial - that is innovative, proactive and risk-taking - to promote regional development and economic growth. As a Professor working in two of the most entrepreneurial Italian universities, I benefited from reading this book. I consequently recommend it to all my colleagues to guide their strategic choices and their daily activities.' - Salvatore Sciascia, IULM University and Cattaneo University, Italy With an increasing focus on the knowledge and service economies, it is important to understand the role that entrepreneurial universities play through collaboration in policy and, in turn, the impact they have on policy. The authors evaluate how universities engage with communities while also balancing stakeholder considerations, and explore how universities should be managed in the future to integrate into global society effectively. The book reflects the internationalisation of entrepreneurial universities with examples from Australia, Brazil, France, Italy, Malaysia, India, Poland, Portugal, Spain and the UK. Each chapter identifies the differing cultural influences and how changes in policy approaches mean universities are constantly evolving. The authors also look into how culture influences entrepreneurship education, and in turn how culture affects the initiatives of policy-makers. With a focus on enhancing entrepreneurial opportunities, universities are shown to respond by creating effective initiatives that benefit the wider community through successful collaboration with institutions. The book identifies the close working relationship between new government policies and developing entrepreneurial universities. Researchers, policy analysts and students of entrepreneurship education, education management and policy will find this book a useful supplementary read for understanding the future role of universities.

'A must read for all entrepreneurship scholars because it helps us to understand and appreciate the real and many roles of women entrepreneurs, their relevance and importance to societies across the World, as well as the challenges and issues women entrepreneurs can face. An exciting and interesting read which presents us with critical questions for the future - thank you.' - Sarah Jack, Lancaster University Management School, UK Taking a fresh look at how performance is defined by examining the institutional power structures and policies, eminent scholars herein explore ways to overcome constrained performance and encourage women?s entrepreneurial activities through a variety of methodological approaches and geographical contexts. Significantly, this book adds a critical perspective to defining ?success? and ?performance?, shattering misconceptions of underperformance in women-owned enterprises. The contributing authors raise questions on the limiting concept of the ?entrepreneur? and have valuable insights into policies to facilitate female entrepreneurs. Instead of taking a one-sided and narrow approach with regards to understanding the entrepreneurship performance phenomenon, this book argues that future researchers should take a fresh look at business performance, considering structural constraints, definitions of success and other socio-political factors. Scholars in the fields of entrepreneurship, gender studies, and institutional theory, as well as those who have a general interest in critical research, will benefit from this progressive step in entrepreneurship research. Contributors include: R. Aidis, A. Akdeniz, H. Baiya, M. Boddington, D. Brozik, J.O. De Castro, L. Delgado-Marquez, S. Dewitt, W. Farraj, A. Fayolle, A.T. Hailemariam, C. Henry, C. Hoyte, B. Irene, J. Johansson, N. Jurik, R. Justo, A. Kamau, P. Kamau, G. Khoury, B. Kroon, A. Lindgreen, J. Lockyer, M. Malmstroem, M. Milliance, D. Muia, R. Narendran, J. Ndung'u, S. Saeed, N. Sappleton, S. Sheikh, F. Sist, S. Sultan, A. Voitkane, J. Wincent, S. Yousafzai, A. Zapalska

This timely handbook provides an empirically rigorous overview of the latest research advances on social entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs and enterprises. It incorporates seventeen original chapters on definitions, concepts, contexts and strategy as well as a critical overview and an agenda for future research in social entrepreneurship. What are the forms and manifestations of social entrepreneurship? To what extent should current developments lead to a redefinition of stakeholders' strategies and roles in the quest for better consideration of the social dimension? The highly regarded group of contributors addresses these questions in some detail. They also explore social entrepreneurship from a multicultural perspective in order to highlight the diversity of social entrepreneurship forms and practices and, from a strategic perspective, to investigate the essential role played by various actors and factors in the development of social entrepreneurship. Postgraduate students and researchers studying social entrepreneurship will find this book of great interest. Social entrepreneurs and practitioners would also benefit considerably from this enriching resource. Contributors: T.F. Barr, J. Boncler, F. Brouard, G. Cajaiba-Santana, J. Defourny, A. Fayolle, M.D. Griffiths, L. Gundry, V. Hackl, C. Hervieux, D. Hjorth, M. Hlady Rispal, J. Kickul, S. Larivet, G.A. Lichtenstein, J. Mair, H. Matlay, P. Myers, T. Nelson, R. Saner, B.R. Smith, C.E. Stevens, E. Sundin, M. Tillmar, M.-F.B. Turcotte, P. Valeau, T. Volery, L. Yiu

In recent years entrepreneurship has become one of the most popular fields of research in management studies. As the subject has broadened, increasing attention has been paid to the behavioural aspects of different practices to identify and pursue entrepreneurial opportunities. This timely book analyses three key strands of contemporary research into entrepreneurial behaviour: intention, education and orientation. It offers novel insights that can be applied to foster entrepreneurial activities in different settings. The chapters in the book are divided into three parts. The contributors first focus on the entrepreneur as an individual and offer three innovative yet complementary approaches to entrepreneurial intentions. They go on to consider how entrepreneurial behaviour can be trained and learned, providing a much-needed theoretical anchor to pedagogical approaches in entrepreneurship. Finally, they cover entrepreneurial behaviour at the organizational level. They expertly tackle the popular topic of entrepreneurial orientation through novel empirical studies with diverse methodologies and multiple levels of analysis. Researchers and advanced students in management and entrepreneurship will benefit from the state-of-the-art analysis and innovative approaches presented. Entrepreneurship educators and policymakers will also find this book to be stimulating reading, where they can find suggestions for an evidence-based practice. Contributors include: R.F. Belchior, A. Benedito de Oliveira Junior, R.C. Bernardes, A. Caetano, S.F. Costa, M.J. de Oliveira, A.J. Frederiks, A. Garofano, G. Hagg, I. Jaen, I. Kozlinska, F. Linan, T. Lynn, R. Lyons, C. Mac an Bhaird, T. Mets, R. Mohd, X. Neumeyer, D. Politis, A. Riviezzo, K. Roigas, S.C. Santos

Entrepreneurship is undoubtedly a social process and creating a firm requires both the mobilisation of social networks and the use of social capital. This book addresses the gap that exists between the need to take these factors into consideration and the understanding of how network relationships are developed and transformed across the venturing process. Expert contributions from key scholars in the field illustrate how social networks evolve across entrepreneurial stages, using studies from different regions across the world. Offering a comprehensive understanding, they emphasize the role of formal networks created inside professions and firms. Also examined is the impact of context including both family and internationally variable institutions that can help entrepreneurs to access resources and competencies useful for their projects. The book concludes by emphasizing the various research challenges: which theories are useful for our endeavors and which new methods can be used to understand the dynamics of the venturing process? Dynamic and eminently practical, this book will be invaluable to scholars and students studying the entrepreneurial process and the impact of social networks. It will also prove a useful tool in aiding entrepreneurs to optimize the development of their networks and better manage their entrepreneurial processes. Contributors include: L. Aaboen, M.A. Abebe, A.R. Anderson, M. Brettel, D. Chabaud, H. Chebbi, M. de Beer, S. Drakopoulou Dodd, A. Fayolle, R.T. Harrison, F.M. Hill, S.L. Jack, W. Jansen, W. Lamine, H. Lawton-Smith, C. Lechner, C.M. Leitch, C. Leyronas, F. Lind, S. Loup, A.B.R. Lwango, R. Mauer, S. Mian, G. Mollenhorst, J. Ngijol, S. Qureshi, T. Redd, V. Schutjens, M. Virahsawmy, S. Wu

Alain Fayolle has brought together an impressive collection of contributions from many of the very best scholars in entrepreneurship. In bringing them together, this engaging book not only offers a very thoughtful reflection on past and present work in entrepreneurship but also insightful, new and fresh perspectives for its future study. This book is a must read for anyone who is serious about entrepreneurship, its research and the future of the field. An exciting, fresh and very timely addition - thank you.' - Sarah L. Jack, Lancaster University Management School (LUMS), UKThis indispensable Handbook offers a fresh look at entrepreneurship research, addressing what we already know, and what we still need to know, in the field. Over the course of 17 chapters, a collaboration of 24 highly regarded researchers, experts in their fields, provide an insightful new perspective on the future of the study of entrepreneurship. They show that there is a need to redesign research in the field - enacting entrepreneurship out of the box - and to consider the history of entrepreneurship whilst developing the future course for research. They also underline the importance of developing research at the crossroads of different fields and the need to explore new domains and/or revisit existing ones from differing perspectives. Finally, they express a desire for more continuity in research, developing knowledge around key concepts and insightful domains. Contributors: B.S. Anderson, L. Begin, G. Cacciotti, J.G. Covin, P. Desbrieres, S. Dolmans, S. Dubard Barbosa, A. Fayolle, W.B. Gartner, J. Hayton, C. Henry, B. Honig, B. Johannisson, H. Landstroem, S. Marlow, B. Martin, G. McElwee, S. Mian, H. Neergaard, S. Read, K.G. Shaver, R. Smith, P. Somerville, M. Wright

This book explores different topics in the field of female entrepreneurship, such as motivational factors of female entrepreneurs, career perspectives of women, social female enterprises, tourism and hospitality, and emotional and institutional support of female entrepreneurial initiatives in the perspective of different transitional countries.

This insightful Handbook offers a lens through which to view entrepreneurship strategy for higher education institutions, as it becomes increasingly necessary for universities to consider changing their strategies, culture and practices to become more entrepreneurial.Is the idea of an entrepreneurial university a myth or a reality? Is the university model capable of adapting to new evolving trends and a more complex professional world? And, what is the impact of entrepreneurship in education? Through extensive research and case studies from some of the leading entrepreneurial thinkers around the world, Alain Fayolle and Dana Redford answer these questions and raise further issues for debate. Particular focus is given to developing university strategy, public policy and start-up support as a means to foster graduate entrepreneurship. Each contribution explores different perspectives related to the entrepreneurial university concept and its role in stimulating economic growth through cooperative relationships with business and government.As a comprehensive study of the entrepreneurial university, this Handbook will prove invaluable to business and entrepreneurship students and academics, as well as university administrators, researchers and others interested in the evolution of the university.

This monograph aims to promote original mathematical methods to determine the invariant measure of two-dimensional random walks in domains with boundaries. Such processes arise in numerous applications and are of interest in several areas of mathematical research, such as Stochastic Networks, Analytic Combinatorics, and Quantum Physics. This second edition consists of two parts. Part I is a revised upgrade of the first edition (1999), with additional recent results on the group of a random walk. The theoretical approach given therein has been developed by the authors since the early 1970s. By using Complex Function Theory, Boundary Value Problems, Riemann Surfaces, and Galois Theory, completely new methods are proposed for solving functional equations of two complex variables, which can also be applied to characterize the Transient Behavior of the walks, as well as to find explicit solutions to the one-dimensional Quantum Three-Body Problem, or to tackle a new class of Integrable Systems. Part II borrows special case-studies from queueing theory (in particular, the famous problem of Joining the Shorter of Two Queues) and enumerative combinatorics (Counting, Asymptotics). Researchers and graduate students should find this book very useful.

Competition to publish in the top journals is fierce. This book provides entrepreneurship researchers with relevant material and insights to support them in their efforts to publish their research in the most prestigious entrepreneurship outlets.This essential guide to publishing in entrepreneurship brings together a wealth of contributors, all of whom have published in the leading entrepreneurship journals. Based on their experiences as researchers and editors, they bring useful hands-on advice and insight into the research publication process.Both fledgling and experienced entrepreneurship faculty members will find this an essential resource as they strive towards publication in A-ranked entrepreneurship or management journals.

'The long-standing debate about entrepreneurship education has been given renewed impetus by the advent of experiential learning and student entrepreneurship. It is imperative therefore that entrepreneurship education research can make a contribution to our understanding about the direction and effectiveness of entrepreneurship education. In this volume, Alain Fayolle and an eminent set of contributors lay out frameworks and directions to guide much needed rigorous future research in this important area.' - Mike Wright, Imperial College London, UK 'This book offers insightful and actionable ideas for improving entrepreneurship education, its evaluation and its underlying research process. Alain's compendium offers readers a deep dive into the underlying issues in teaching entrepreneurship, and goes beyond North American efforts to showcase European approaches. A worthwhile read for every entrepreneurship educator.' - Jerome A. Katz, Saint Louis University, US Elgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary. Edited by Alain Fayolle, this Research Agenda tackles the need for additional and robust intellectual foundations in entrepreneurship education, both at theoretical and methodological levels. The authors show that it is essential to connect entrepreneurship education more firmly with societal demands. Identifying two key issues, the eminent authors first question what the current pedagogies and practices in entrepreneurship education are. Secondly, the authors question what knowledge is known about the relevancy, usefulness and efficiency of the current practices in entrepreneurship education. This book calls for a pragmatic and critical approach in the development of perspectives in entrepreneurship education. This book presents innovative ideas and provocative contributions to the debate with the intention of generating significant new concepts for future researchers, policy makers and practitioners in entrepreneurship. Contributors include: N. Alabduljader, Y. Baggen, A. Bernal, R. Bliss, S. Bureau, D. De Clercq, A. Donnellon, A. Fayolle, M. Fetters, J. Gabrielsson, P. Greene, G. Hagg, B. Honig, B. Johannisson, P. Kyroe, H. Landstrom, T. Lans, F. Linan, M. Loi, B. Martin, J. McNally, L. Ploum, D. Politis, R. Ramani, G. Solomon

This timely handbook provides an empirically rigorous overview of the latest research advances on social entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs and enterprises. It incorporates seventeen original chapters on definitions, concepts, contexts and strategy as well as a critical overview and an agenda for future research in social entrepreneurship. What are the forms and manifestations of social entrepreneurship? To what extent should current developments lead to a redefinition of stakeholders' strategies and roles in the quest for better consideration of the social dimension? The highly regarded group of contributors addresses these questions in some detail. They also explore social entrepreneurship from a multicultural perspective in order to highlight the diversity of social entrepreneurship forms and practices and, from a strategic perspective, to investigate the essential role played by various actors and factors in the development of social entrepreneurship. Postgraduate students and researchers studying social entrepreneurship will find this book of great interest. Social entrepreneurs and practitioners would also benefit considerably from this enriching resource. Contributors: T.F. Barr, J. Boncler, F. Brouard, G. Cajaiba-Santana, J. Defourny, A. Fayolle, M.D. Griffiths, L. Gundry, V. Hackl, C. Hervieux, D. Hjorth, M. Hlady Rispal, J. Kickul, S. Larivet, G.A. Lichtenstein, J. Mair, H. Matlay, P. Myers, T. Nelson, R. Saner, B.R. Smith, C.E. Stevens, E. Sundin, M. Tillmar, M.-F.B. Turcotte, P. Valeau, T. Volery, L. Yiu

Competition to publish in the top journals is fierce. This book provides entrepreneurship researchers with relevant material and insights to support them in their efforts to publish their research in the most prestigious entrepreneurship outlets.This essential guide to publishing in entrepreneurship brings together a wealth of contributors, all of whom have published in the leading entrepreneurship journals. Based on their experiences as researchers and editors, they bring useful hands-on advice and insight into the research publication process.Both fledgling and experienced entrepreneurship faculty members will find this an essential resource as they strive towards publication in A-ranked entrepreneurship or management journals.

There are many factors involved in becoming an effective entrepreneur. The process of recognizing opportunities and nurturing new ventures must take into account both internal decision-making practice and external environmental influence. Developing, Shaping and Growing Entrepreneurship considers the role played by education, research, context and strategy in helping to grow entrepreneurial projects from the initial seed of an idea through to the fruition of success. This book is a wide-ranging examination of the influences on entrepreneurial activity that also asks new questions of entrepreneurship and opens new avenues of research. As such, it will become essential reading for academic researchers and entrepreneurial practitioners alike. Contributors: M.O. Barroso-Gonzalez, A. Caetano, A. Fayolle, S.Fernandes Costa, L. Foss, A. Garofano, J. Grande, T. Gruber-Muecke, C. Guzman-Alfonso, J. Guzman-Cuevas, T. Iakovleva, I. Jaen, N. Kailer, P. Kyroe, F. Linan, J.A. Moriano, M.-R. Napolitano, E. Oftedal, T. Pihkala, T. Rinne, A. Riviezzo, I. Roaldsen, T. Roemer-Paakkanen, S. Rueda, E. Ruskovaara, T. Rytkoela, S.C. Santos, J. Seikkula-Leino, N.D. Taura, I. Vestrum

In the third volume of the Handbook of Research in Entrepreneurship Education leading international scholars explore the unique characteristics and rich variety of research in entrepreneurship education. They adopt several different perspectives, focusing on key issues and significant developments in the field. This important Handbook takes an international perspective on entrepreneurship education. The contributors highlight the contextual dimension of entrepreneurship education and training, and provide strong insights into how researchers and educators can learn from international practice diversity. The volume covers a wide variety of pedagogical objectives and settings in entrepreneurship education while providing a plurality of cultural and institutional points of view. Compelling and insightful, this book will prove to be of great interest to entrepreneurship researchers, academics and students wishing to understand the unique notions of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial learning. Executives in entrepreneurship supportive structures will also find this book an invaluable resource. The companion volumes, Handbook of Research in Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 1: A General Perspective and Handbook of Research in Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 2: Contextual Perspectives study the current changes in entrepreneurship education at the paradigmatic, methodological and theoretical levels and present the importance of cultural, institutional, national and political contexts.

This insightful Handbook offers a lens through which to view entrepreneurship strategy for higher education institutions, as it becomes increasingly necessary for universities to consider changing their strategies, culture and practices to become more entrepreneurial.Is the idea of an entrepreneurial university a myth or a reality? Is the university model capable of adapting to new evolving trends and a more complex professional world? And, what is the impact of entrepreneurship in education? Through extensive research and case studies from some of the leading entrepreneurial thinkers around the world, Alain Fayolle and Dana Redford answer these questions and raise further issues for debate. Particular focus is given to developing university strategy, public policy and start-up support as a means to foster graduate entrepreneurship. Each contribution explores different perspectives related to the entrepreneurial university concept and its role in stimulating economic growth through cooperative relationships with business and government.As a comprehensive study of the entrepreneurial university, this Handbook will prove invaluable to business and entrepreneurship students and academics, as well as university administrators, researchers and others interested in the evolution of the university.

In this, the second volume of the Handbook of Research in Entrepreneurship Education, leading international scholars highlight the unique characteristics and rich variety of research in entrepreneurship education. They adopt several different perspectives, focusing on key issues and significant developments in the field, and highlighting emergent new insights. The 35 contributors span 11 countries and three continents, demonstrating not only the richness but also the complexity of the field in terms of culture, geography and institutional, ethical and political systems. The Handbook is intended to collectively assist entrepreneurship educators in developing new programmes and pedagogical approaches that take into account the richness and diversity of these multiple perspectives. Highlighting the unique characteristics of research in entrepreneurship education, this Handbook will be of great interest to entrepreneurship researchers, academics and students wishing to understand the unique notions of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial learning, which are often quite distinct from current practical views. The companion volume, Handbook of Research in Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 1: A General Perspective, showcases the nature and benefits of the new wave in entrepreneurship education emerging as a result of revised academic programmes developed to reflect new forms of entrepreneurship.

Women entrepreneurs are indeed a formidable force of economic growth and social change, though we still often question the "how" and "why." For the readers who seek to understand the spectrum of gender influences in the context of entrepreneurship, Understanding Women’s Entrepreneurship in a Gendered Context: Influences and Restraints widens the contextual focus of women’s entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship research by providing powerful insights into the influences and restraints within a diverse set of gendered contexts including social, political, institutional, religious, patriarchal, cultural, family and economic, in which female entrepreneurs around the world operate their businesses. From recognition of a seventh-century businesswoman in Mecca to the construction of a gendered scientific Business Model Canvas, this collection of studies will inspire readers to think differently about theory, patriarchy, trade systems, adoption or transformation and strategies to create inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems. In doing so, the contributing authors demonstrate not only the importance of studying the contexts in which women’s entrepreneurial activities are shaped, but also how female entrepreneurs, through their endeavours, modify these contexts. This book will be of great value to scholars, students and researchers interested in women’s entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial ecosystems, gender hierarchy and the transition to gender equality. It was originally published as a special issue of Entrepreneurship & Regional Development.

This authoritative and comprehensive Handbook showcases the nature and benefits of the new wave in entrepreneurship education emerging as a result of revised academic programmes developed to reflect new forms of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship as a domain of education and teaching is growing rapidly worldwide. The most efficient pedagogical, methodological and theoretical approaches to teaching and learning entrepreneurship in different settings are now highly sought after by researchers, advanced students and practitioners. This Handbook provides a one-stop source of state-of-the-art data, illustrating current conceptions of entrepreneurship education and identifying and answering critical methodological and theoretical questions. The Handbook is organized around three trends in entrepreneurship education: pedagogies, content and changes and innovation occurring within specific paradigms. It also provides several different perspectives on key issues and significant developments in the field. Highlighting the unique characteristics of research in entrepreneurship education, this Handbook will be of great interest to entrepreneurship researchers, academics and students wishing to understand the unique notions of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial learning, which are often quite distinct from current practical views. The companion volume, Handbook of Research in Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 2: Contextual Perspectives, focuses on key issues and significant developments in the field, highlighting emergent and developing approaches.

Markov chains are an important idea, related to random walks, which crops up widely in applied stochastic analysis. They are used for such applications as performance modelling and evaluation of computer networks, queuing networks and telecommunication systems. The point of this book is to provide methods, based on the construction of Lyapunov functions, of determining when a Markov chain is ergodic, null recurrent or transient. These methods, which are, on the whole, original and new, can also be extended to the study of questions of stability. Of particular concern are reflected random walks and reflected Brownian motion. The authors provide not only a self-contained introduction to the theory, but also details of how the required Lyapunov functions are constructed in various situations.

The growth of entrepreneurship research has been accompanied by an increased convergence and institutionalization of the field. In many ways this is of course positive, but it also represents how the field has become "mainstream" with the concomitant risk that individual scholars become embedded in a culture and incentive system that emphasizes and rewards incremental research questions, while reducing the incentives for scholars to conduct challenging research. This book challenges this status quo from accepted theories, methodologies and paradigmatic assumptions, to the relevance (or lack of) for contemporary practice and the impact of key journals on scholars' directions in entrepreneurship research. An invited selection of the younger generation of scholars within the field of entrepreneurship research adopt a critical and constructive posture on what has been achieved in entrepreneurship research, the main assumptions which underly it, but also open-up new paths for creative entrepreneurship research in the future. This is a must-read for all scholars, educators and advanced students in entrepreneurship research.