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With up-to-date case studies of real-world businesses, this fully
updated OCR GCSE (9-1) Business Student Textbook will help your
students respond to exam questions with confidence, demonstrating
how they can structure their answers for maximum impact. This
Student Textbook includes: - Fully up-to-date exam questions, with
25% more practice questions and increased practical support for
tackling different question types - More exam tips and advice, with
examiner commentary showing how students should approach exam
questions - Real-world case studies, new and updated, to reflect
the developments in e-commerce and the impact of recent global and
political developments - Quick knowledge-recall questions
throughout the book to help students check understanding, and for
teachers to use in assessment
During the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, general levels of alcohol
consumption had risen considerably in all parts of the world. In
association with this, there was a proliferation of alcohol-related
problems such as liver disease, drunkenness offences, marital
disharmony and employment difficulties. Many factors influence the
probability of alcohol addiction and the habits of drinking; they
include age, sex, race, occupation and income. Economic aspects of
the use and misuse of alcohol had been attracting increasing
attention during the early 1980s. Politicians and scholars alike
had drawn attention to the benefits of a vigorous alcohol industry
on the one hand, and on the other, the costs of providing medical,
social and educational services for those suffering from
alcohol-related problems. Originally published in 1983, the real
nature of the relationship between economics and alcohol is
explored in detail for the first time in this book. It argues for
increased participation by economists in the processes of social
policy decision-making and considers the key issues of cost-benefit
analyses, control policies, taxation and programme efficiency. No
easy solutions are provided, but a host of unjustified assumptions
about this subject are clarified. This book paved the way for
substantial future collaboration between economists and those
involved in alcohol studies.
The Parsis are India's smallest minority community, yet they have
exercised a huge influence on the country. As pioneers in education
in nineteenth century India, and as leading figures in banking and
commerce, medicine, law and journalism, they were at the forefront
of India's industrial revolution. Parsis were also at the heart of
the creation of the Indian National Congress in the nineteenth
century and contributed some of the great leaders through into the
twentieth century. This book, written by notable experts in the
field, explores various key aspects of the Parsis. It spans the
time from their arrival in India to the twenty-first century. All
contributions are based on original research and most of them use
hitherto unexplored primary sources. The first part of the book
analyzes the topic of Parsi migration from very different points of
view; the second part presents leading Parsi personalities of the
nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The final part is a set of
studies of the Parsi traditional community in Bombay and an
examination of three different diasporas. The concluding chapter,
by John R. Hinnells, shows the range of contributions of Parsis to
modern India and also in the diasporas, where the Zoroastrian
religion is practiced in more countries around the globe than at
any time in its history of more than 3,000 years.
The emergence of China as a future major participant in
international aviation raises some interesting questions,
especially from a strategic policy perspective. The progressive
shift from a command to a mixed market economy under the central
leadership of the Beijing administration now finds itself faced
with the needs to balance a strategic duality in the context of the
role of China's civil aviation industry. In a very real sense this
situation requires the design and accommodation of a growing role
for China's mainstream carriers within the operational context of
the need to meet the complex challenges from increasing
international market competition. In parallel with such major
external pressures, central government must also accommodate
domestic priorities with regard to internal economic development.
The fruits of economic progress as a function of market reform are
commonly understood to have positively reshaped the live of only a
proportion of the national population to date. The need to create
greater access to economic growth for the more remote western and
northern provinces has required that the rapid development of
airports become a factor in the planning and allocation of
developmental priorities. To complicate matters further, prevailing
requirements of airspace defence remain a major parameter within
the larger context of national aviation policy. This book explores
the political, economic and strategic issues raised by the
inevitable tension between the domestic and international aspects
of Beijing's current civil aviation strategy. It also seeks to
identify some of the problems that face the industry as a key
sector in the larger context of macroeconomic reform and the
further pressures now being exerted by China's membership of the
WTO.
The Parsis are India's smallest minority community, yet they have
exercised a huge influence on the country. As pioneers in education
in nineteenth century India, and as leading figures in banking and
commerce, medicine, law and journalism, they were at the forefront
of India's industrial revolution. Parsis were also at the heart of
the creation of the Indian National Congress in the nineteenth
century and contributed some of the great leaders through into the
twentieth century.
This book, written by notable experts in the field, explores
various key aspects of the Parsis. It spans the time from their
arrival in India to the twenty-first century. All contributions are
based on original research and most of them use hitherto unexplored
primary sources. The first part of the book analyzes the topic of
Parsi migration from very different points of view; the second part
presents leading Parsi personalities of the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries. The final part is a set of studies of the
Parsi traditional community in Bombay and an examination of three
different diasporas. The concluding chapter, by John R. Hinnells,
shows the range of contributions of Parsis to modern India and also
in the diasporas, where the Zoroastrian religion is practiced in
more countries around the globe than at any time in its history of
more than 3,000 years.
Developing Strategies for the Modern International Airport
identifies and analyses the primary issues facing the modern
international airport, and their role in a global economy. Based on
the premise that the aviation industry has a primary and decisive
role in the economic and social development of the modern
international economy, this book examines the modern international
airport and its process of integration into the larger global
economy. As the integration of the aviation industry within the
larger context of international business grows, there are an
increasing number of important airport sites world wide, which are
exhibiting the characteristics of what has been called by one
authority an 'aerotropolis', where major airports are integrated
into the wider multi business dynamics of cities such as Shanghai
or Beijing. Such pioneering developments are indicative of this
region and bring with them a host of new issues and challenges for
economic development. While international projections of the growth
in demand for aviation services suggest that the key region for
future expansion will be the ASEAN group of countries, there are
marked differences between countries in their overall plans for
viable economic development. As a result, the essential raising of
funding required for international airport development must compete
against other potential development projects all trying to attract
the attention of national policy makers.
A collection of essays -- early seminal works as well as
freshinterpretations -- on the famous German expressionist
film,Metropolis. Fritz Lang's classic 1927 film Metropolis has
justifiably become an icon for the complexities of Weimar culture.
Among the important general issues it also raises are the relation
between ideology and art, the status and authorship of the film
text in the entertainment market, the city, the construction of
gender, the relation between the human body and the machine in
modernity, and the relation between mass and high culture. This
volume provides abroad range of materials and resources for the
study of Lang's film, including both well-known, previously
published critical essays and contributions appearing for the first
time here. The editors provide a two-part introductionthat
furnishes context for what follows: Bachmann's part deals with the
genesis, production, and contemporary reception of the film, while
Minden's defines the problems posed by the text and reviews
thesolutions to these problemsas proposed by later generations of
critics.The first part of the book proper includes selected
contemporaryreviews, commentary by Fritz Lang and others involved
in the making ofthe film, and extracts from Thea von Harbou's
original novel. In the second part, eight modern scholars provide
fresh essays on the genesis, promotion, and reception of the film.
Approximately half of the material in the volume has never before
appeared in print. The volume will appealto students of German,
film, cultural and intellectual history, and social theory. Michael
Minden is University Lecturer in German at Cambridge University and
a fellow of Jesus College. Holger Bachmann received hisPh.D. from
Cambridge on Arthur Schnitzler and film.
This book considers the pollutants formed by the combustion of
solid biomass fuels. The availability and potential use of solid
biofuels is first discussed because this is the key to the
development of biomass as a source of energy. This is followed by
details of the methods used for characterisation of biomass and
their classification. The various steps in the combustion
mechanisms are given together with a compilation of the kinetic
data. The chemical mechanisms for the formation of the pollutants:
NOx, smoke and unburned hydrocarbons, SOx, Cl compounds, and
particulate metal aerosols are given in detail. Combustion kinetics
required for the application for design purposes are given.
Examples are given of emission levels of a range different types of
combustion equipment. Data is given of NOx, particulates and other
pollutant arising from combustion of different fuels in fixed bed
combustion, fluidized bed combustion and pulverised biomass
combustion and co-firing. Modeling methods including computational
fluid dynamics for the various pollutants are outlined. The
consequential issues arising from the wide scale use of biomass and
future trends are then discussed. In particular the role of carbon
capture and storage in large biomass combustion plants is
considered as well as the opportunity of reducing the concentration
of atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide.
Chronicling one of the greatest and most popular national cinemas,
Republic of Images traces the evolution of French filmmaking from
1895-the year of the debut of the Cinematographe in Paris-to the
present day. Alan Williams offers a unique synthesis of history,
biography, aesthetics and film theory. He brings to life all of the
major directors, setting before us the cultures from which they
emerged, and sheds new light on the landmark films they created. He
distills what is historically and artistically unique in each of
their careers and reveals what each artist has in common with the
forebears and heirs of the craft. Within the larger story of French
cinema, Williams examines the treasury of personal expression,
social commentary, and aesthetic exploration that France has
produced so consistently and exported so well. It is the tale of an
industry rife with crises, and Williams offers a superb narrative
of the economic, political, and social forces that have shaped its
century-long history. He provides biographical sketches of
filmmakers from the early pioneers of the silent era such as Louis
Lumiere and Alice Guy to modern directors such as Louis Malle,
Claude Chabrol, and Francois Truffaut. Some of their careers, he
shows, exemplify the significant contributions individuals made to
the development of French fllmmaking; others yield illuminating
evidence of the problems and opportunities of a whole generation of
filmmakers. Throughout, he presents critical analyses of
significant films, from The Assassination of the Duc de Guise
(1908) to works by the post-nouvelle vague directors. Williams
captures the formal and stylistic developments of film in France
over nearly one hundred years. Free of cant and jargon, Republic of
Images is the best general account available of the rich interplay
of film, filmmaker, and society. It will delight both general
reader and student, as well as the viewer en route to the video
store.
Polarization is widely diagnosed as a major cause of the decline of
evidence-based policy making and public engagement-based styles of
policy making. It creates an environment where hardened partisan
viewpoints on major policy questions are less amenable to
negotiation, compromise or change. Polarization is not a temporary
situation - it is the "new normal." Public Policy, Governance and
Polarization seeks to provide a theoretical foundation for scholars
and policy makers who need to understand the powerful and often
disruptive forces that have arisen in Europe and North America over
the past decade. Academics and practitioners need to better
understand this growing trend and to find ways in which it may be
managed so that policy solutions to these threats may be developed
and implemented. Researchers and future policymakers in fields such
as public administration, public management and public policy need
to recognise how institutional design, corporatist interest group
systems and different pedagogical approaches may help them
understand, discuss and work beyond policy polarization. Edited by
two leading political science scholars, this book aims to begin
that process.
Polarization is widely diagnosed as a major cause of the decline of
evidence-based policy making and public engagement-based styles of
policy making. It creates an environment where hardened partisan
viewpoints on major policy questions are less amenable to
negotiation, compromise or change. Polarization is not a temporary
situation - it is the "new normal." Public Policy, Governance and
Polarization seeks to provide a theoretical foundation for scholars
and policy makers who need to understand the powerful and often
disruptive forces that have arisen in Europe and North America over
the past decade. Academics and practitioners need to better
understand this growing trend and to find ways in which it may be
managed so that policy solutions to these threats may be developed
and implemented. Researchers and future policymakers in fields such
as public administration, public management and public policy need
to recognise how institutional design, corporatist interest group
systems and different pedagogical approaches may help them
understand, discuss and work beyond policy polarization. Edited by
two leading political science scholars, this book aims to begin
that process.
Structural Analysis Rules of Thumb provides a comprehensive review
of the classical methods of structural analysis and also the recent
advances in computer applications. The prefect guide for the
Professional Engineer's exam, Williams covers principles of
structural analysis to advanced concepts. Methods of analysis are
presented in a concise and direct manner and the different methods
of approach to a problem are illustrated by specific examples. In
addition, the book include the clear and concise approach to the
subject and the focus on the most direct solution to a problem.
Numerous worked examples are provided to consolidate the readers?
understanding of the topics.
Structural Analysis Rules of Thumb is perfect for anyone who wishes
to have handy reference filled with equations, calculations and
modeling instructions as well as candidates studying for
professional engineering registration examinations. It will also
serve as a refresher course and reference manual for practicing
engineers. Registered professional engineers and registered
structural
Numerous worked examples are provided to consolidate the readers?
understanding of the topics
Comprehensive coverage of the whole field of structural
analysis
Supplementary problems are given at the end of each chapter with
answers provided at the end of the book
Realistic situations encountered in practice and test the reader's
ability to apply the concepts presented in the chapter
Classical methods of structural analysis and also the recent
advances in computer applications
Jalaloddin Rumi's Masnavi-ye Ma'navi, or 'Spiritual Couplets',
composed in the 13th Century, is a monumental work of poetry in the
Sufi tradition of Islamic mysticism. For centuries before his love
poetry became a literary phenomenon in the West, Rumi's Masnavi had
been revered in the Islamic world as its greatest mystical text.
Drawing upon a vast array of characters, stories and fables, and
deeply versed in spiritual teaching, it takes us on a profound and
playful journey of discovery along the path of divine love, toward
its ultimate goal of union with the source of all Truth. In Book 1
of the Masnavi, the first of six volumes, Rumi opens the spiritual
path towards higher spiritual understanding. Alan Williams's
authoritative new translation is rendered in highly readable blank
verse and includes the original Persian text for reference, and
with explanatory notes along the way. True to the spirit of Rumi's
poem, this new translation establishes the Masnavi as one of the
world's great literary achievements for a global readership.
Translated with an introduction, notes and analysis by Alan
Williams and including the Persian text edited by Mohammad
Este'lami.
The Great Orme copper mine on the coast of north Wales is one of
the largest surviving Bronze Age mines in Europe. But where did all
the copper go? Until now this remained something of a mystery. It
was claimed in the 1990s that the mine only produced a low impurity
type of copper that was uncommon in the British Bronze Age. These
claims had marginalised the mine as an unimportant copper source,
whose extensive workings were explained away as being merely the
result of small-scale workings over nearly a thousand years.
However, the results of this new interdisciplinary research, which
combines archaeological and geological knowledge with the latest
scientific analytical methods, radically changes that picture. This
new evidence reveals a copper mine of European importance, which
dominated Britain's copper supply for two centuries (c. 1600-1400
BC), with some metal reaching mainland Europe - from Brittany to as
far as the Baltic. This zenith period of large-scale production is
very likely to have required a full-time mining community at the
mine, possibly supported or controlled by the agriculturally richer
area of northeast Wales with its strategic links into wider
communication networks. Overall, the new evidence suggests that
Britain was far more integrated into European trade/exchange
networks than was previously suspected. Once the richest parts of
the mine were exhausted, there followed a twilight period of minor
production that lasted several centuries.
Jalaloddin Rumi's Masnavi-ye Ma'navi, or 'Spiritual Couplets',
composed in the 13th Century, is a monumental work of poetry in the
Sufi tradition of Islamic mysticism. For centuries before his love
poetry became a literary phenomenon in the West, Rumi's Masnavi had
been revered in the Islamic world as its greatest mystical text.
Drawing upon a vast array of characters, stories and fables, and
deeply versed in spiritual teaching, it takes us on a profound and
playful journey of discovery along the path of divine love, toward
its ultimate goal of union with the source of all Truth. In Book
Two of the Masnavi, the second of six volumes, we travel with Rumi
toward an understanding of the deeper truth and reality, beyond the
limits of the self. Alan Williams's authoritative new translation
is rendered in highly readable blank verse and includes the
original Persian text for reference. True to the spirit of Rumi's
poem, this new translation establishes the Masnavi as one of the
world's great literary achievements for a global readership.
Translated with an introduction, notes and analysis by Alan
Williams and including the Persian text edited by Mohammad
Este'lami.
The allocation of resources in international universities to adopt
and institutionalize solutions must be prioritized above obsolete
or wasteful practices. Changing economic and social cultures
necessitate new and advancing educational strategies for the
promotion of graduate student success. Advancing Innovation and
Sustainable Outcomes in International Graduate Education is a
critical scholarly resource that examines the impact of such
drivers as technology and the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the
need for a new approach to learning that directly impacts the
teaching-learning process. Among the drivers that the book examines
are the need for higher order and critical thinking, the need for
developing cognitive and emotional intelligence with fluid
intelligence enabling broad interdisciplinary thinking and wisdom,
and the shifting values of millennials concerning the need for new
approaches to education and attitudes to work. Underpinning the
theme and chapters of this book is the need for ecosystemic
thinking for sustainability framed from consciousness-based
education. Featuring a wide range of topics such as data analytics,
emotional intelligence, and workplace innovation, this book is
ideal for educators, researchers, policymakers, curriculum
designers, administrators, managers, academicians, and students.
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