This edited collection shows how the spread of HIV infection has been followed, represented, and managed in nine countries between 1982 and 1988. The countries cited in this study have been chosen to emphasize contrasts in the social and epidemiological profiles of AIDS, and to suggest the diversity of the problems constituted by HIV/AIDS in different national contexts. The juxtaposition of sequences of national response will raise questions about the range of policy options actually available to political and social policy-makers in a given context, and will invite further examination of the factors determining the acceptance or rejection of specific measures. Following the introduction, which outlines the choices that national governments confront in formulating AIDS policies, the successive chapters cover the reactions to HIV/AIDS in the United States, Brazil, France, Belgium, West Germany, Italy, Poland, Australia, and Africa. The final chapter compares the patterns of national response, identifies their common and divergent features, and points out tensions in policy-making caused by current changes in the spread of infection and in the understanding of the virus. This book makes informative reading for those who want to learn more about international variation in the political, social, and economic aspects of the AIDS epidemic.

Insights and analysis that challenge current thought on consumer branding theory and strategy Pharmaceutical companies need to go beyond simply relying on strong sales forces and innovative research and development to succeed. Effective branding strategy is essential. PharmaceuticalsWhere's the Brand Logic?: Branding Lessons and Strategy discusses in detail the application of current consumer branding theory to pharmaceutical marketing. This comprehensive book pulls information from fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) research and brand theory and applies it to the pharmaceutical world. It looks at branding on multiple levels within the pharmaceutical industry, including the industry brand, the corporate brand, the franchise brand, and the global and local product brand. Practical strategies are extensively explained and future challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry are explored, all geared to help any pharmaceutical professional to successfully market his or her brand. PharmaceuticalsWhere's the Brand Logic?: Branding Lessons and Strategy may well become a daily reference for anyone in the industry, providing in a single volume a framework for the organization of a brand portfolio for any pharmaceutical company. This unique resource challenges traditional thought about the concept of branding in the pharmaceutical industry, examining several of the most difficult branding theory issues. This helpful guide provides several figures to fully explain data. Topics in PharmaceuticalsWhere's the Brand Logic?: Branding Lessons and Strategy include: what is branding how is branding applied to the FMCG and pharmaceutical industries corporate brandsand how they can be leveraged franchise branding as a business strategy developing and sustaining pharmaceutical brands over time saving the credibility of the pharmaceutical industry changing the pharmaceutical business model to use branding as a strategic tool much, much more PharmaceuticalsWhere's the Brand Logic?: Branding Lessons and Strategy provides the information and tools to help gain the competitive edge in a tough marketplace. This is an invaluable resource for anyone in the global pharmaceutical industry, including marketing personnel, senior management, general managers, strategy groups, and training departments.

This provocative text offers an inside look at the hidden dimensions of teaching. Sometimes controversial, always poignant, the book examines highly debated issues fundamental to a free and open society. School reform is at a critical juncture; the portrait of the profession revealed here serves as a catalyst for change. Chapters discuss such timely and relevant topics as the preparation of teachers past and present, the daily work of teachers, and the influence of current policy on public education. Teaching our children is a shared responsibility. The work of teaching described in this book demonstrates clearly that there is much work to be done by all involved. This book will inform and empower a wide range of readers including those considering careers in teaching, those who have children in school, who vote and pay taxes, work in schools, influence policy, or those who are business leaders.

Beyond the Boundaries draws on the experience of educators from many different content areas, offering new insights into integrative teaching in secondary schools. As the authors look past the traditional approaches of interdisciplinary studies, they envision a transdisciplinary school, where students and teachers view the world from previously hidden perspectives. Many contemporary secondary education standards call for teachers to reach across traditional disciplinary lines and create curricula and instructional techniques that are interdisciplinary in nature (as examples, for mathematics see Principles and Standards for School Mathematics; for science see National Science Education Standards; for foreign language see Standards for Foreign Language Learning; Preparing fro the 21st Century). Yet, due to the highly entrenched and fragmented administrative structure of teacher education fields, including tertiary preparation and state certification, most practitioners and teacher educators approach said endeavors from a subject-specific orientation. This contributed volume includes perpsectives from major areas in secondary teacher education, including Science, Mathematics, Social Studies. Art, Literacy, English/Language Arts, Foreign Language, Bilingual Education, foundations, and Literacy. The book includes both theoretical and practical aspects as to how teachers are being prepared to create and implement transdisciplinary units. The authors explore how these approaches can be imiproved such that teachers attempt to apply transdisciplinary epistemological and pedagogical structures, which emphasize inquiry from multiple perspectives, to avail the full power of such learningexperiences to the students.

Anthropological interest in new subjects of research and contemporary knowledge practices has turned ethnographic attention to a wide ranging variety of professional fields. Among these the encounter with international development has perhaps been longer and more intimate than any of the others. Anthropologists have drawn critical attention to the interfaces and social effects of development's discursive regimes but, oddly enough, have paid scant attention to knowledge producers themselves, despite anthropologists being among them. This is the focus of this volume. It concerns the construction and transmission of knowledge about global poverty and its reduction but is equally interested in the social life of development professionals, in the capacity of ideas to mediate relationships, in networks of experts and communities of aid workers, and in the dilemmas of maintaining professional identities. Going well beyond obsolete debates about 'pure' and 'applied' anthropology, the book examines the transformations that occur as social scientific concepts and practices cross and re-cross the boundary between anthropological and policy making knowledge.

"The contributions are framed by a brief, but rich introductory chapter that contextualizes the anthropology of professional expert knowledge. The volume is concluded by a wonderful (in several meanings), entertaining essay by Raymond Apthorpe." . Forum for Development Studies

"By denying developing countries cultural specificity, aid agencies can arrogantly perpetuate their own insularity. This is fascinating and underexplored territory for anthropologists and development theorists alike, making this an important collection." . Times Literary Supplement

"Themes are...consistently woven throughout the book, particularly ethnographic approaches considering mechanisms by which expert knowledge is transmitted...This book fills a gap in the consideration of expert knowledge and its application to consultancy that has not been addressed since Morris and Bastin (2004)." . Anthropological Forum

Anthropological interest in new subjects of research and contemporary knowledge practices has turned ethnographic attention to a wide ranging variety of professional fields. Among these the encounter with international development has perhaps been longer and more intimate than any of the others. Anthropologists have drawn critical attention to the interfaces and social effects of development's discursive regimes but, oddly enough, have paid scant attention to knowledge producers themselves, despite anthropologists being among them. This is the focus of this volume. It concerns the construction and transmission of knowledge about global poverty and its reduction but is equally interested in the social life of development professionals, in the capacity of ideas to mediate relationships, in networks of experts and communities of aid workers, and in the dilemmas of maintaining professional identities. Going well beyond obsolete debates about 'pure' and 'applied' anthropology, the book examines the transformations that occur as social scientific concepts and practices cross and re-cross the boundary between anthropological and policy making knowledge.

David Mosse is Professor of Social Anthropology, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. He has also worked for Oxfam in south India, as a social development adviser for DFID, and as a consultant for various international development agencies. Recent books include "Cultivating Development: An ethnography of aid policy and practice" (2005); "The Aid Effect: Giving and Governing in International development" (2005, ed. with D. Lewis); and "Development Translators and Brokers" (2006, ed. with D. Lewis)."

This volume identifies resources, models, and specific practices for improving teacher preparation for work with second language learners. It shows how faculty positioned themselves to learn from resources, experts, preservice teachers, their own practice, and each other. The teacher education professionals leverage their experience to offer theoretical and practical insights regarding how other faculty could develop their own knowledge, improve their courses, and understand their influence on the preservice teachers they serve. The book addresses challenges others are likely to experience while improving teacher preparation, including preservice teacher resistance, the challenge of adding to already-packed courses, the difficulty of recruiting and retaining busy faculty members, and the question of how to best frame the larger issues. The authors also address options for integrating the work of improving teacher preparation for linguistic diversity into a variety of different teacher education program designs. Finally, the book demonstrates a data-driven approach that makes this work consistent with many institutions' mandate to produce research and to collect evidence supporting accreditation.

This volume identifies resources, models, and specific practices for improving teacher preparation for work with second language learners. It shows how faculty positioned themselves to learn from resources, experts, preservice teachers, their own practice, and each other. The teacher education professionals leverage their experience to offer theoretical and practical insights regarding how other faculty could develop their own knowledge, improve their courses, and understand their influence on the preservice teachers they serve. The book addresses challenges others are likely to experience while improving teacher preparation, including preservice teacher resistance, the challenge of adding to already-packed courses, the difficulty of recruiting and retaining busy faculty members, and the question of how to best frame the larger issues. The authors also address options for integrating the work of improving teacher preparation for linguistic diversity into a variety of different teacher education program designs. Finally, the book demonstrates a data-driven approach that makes this work consistent with many institutions' mandate to produce research and to collect evidence supporting accreditation.

Today there is a preoccupation among development agencies and researchers with getting policy right; with exerting influence over policy, linking research to policy and with implementing policy around the world. But what if development practice is not driven by policy at all? Suppose that the things that make for 'good policy' - policy which legitimises and mobilises political support - in reality make it impractical and impossible to implement? By focusing in detail on the activities of a development project in tribal western India over more than ten years as it falls under different policy regimes, this book takes a close look at the relationship between policy and practice in development. David Mosse shows how the actions of development workers are shaped by the exigencies of organisations and the need to maintain relationships rather than by policy. Raising unfamiliar questions, Mosse provides a rare self-critical reflection on practice, while refusing to endorse current post-modern dismissal of development.

"Process" approaches to economic and social development appear to be more flexible and offer greater prospects of success than traditional "project" methods.
Development as Process addresses the questions raised by the different natures of the two approaches. The authors examine development projects through experience in water resources development in India and in organizational learning by a Bangladeshi NGO. Inter-agency contexts are examined in the setting of an aquaculture project in Bangladesh and in the setting of agriculture and natural resources development in Rajisthan, India. Finally, the role of process monitoring is explained in the context of policy reform, with illustrations from forestry in India and land reform in Russia.

Insights and analysis that challenge current thought on consumer branding theory and strategy Pharmaceutical companies need to go beyond simply relying on strong sales forces and innovative research and development to succeed. Effective branding strategy is essential. PharmaceuticalsWhere's the Brand Logic?: Branding Lessons and Strategy discusses in detail the application of current consumer branding theory to pharmaceutical marketing. This comprehensive book pulls information from fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) research and brand theory and applies it to the pharmaceutical world. It looks at branding on multiple levels within the pharmaceutical industry, including the industry brand, the corporate brand, the franchise brand, and the global and local product brand. Practical strategies are extensively explained and future challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry are explored, all geared to help any pharmaceutical professional to successfully market his or her brand. PharmaceuticalsWhere's the Brand Logic?: Branding Lessons and Strategy may well become a daily reference for anyone in the industry, providing in a single volume a framework for the organization of a brand portfolio for any pharmaceutical company. This unique resource challenges traditional thought about the concept of branding in the pharmaceutical industry, examining several of the most difficult branding theory issues. This helpful guide provides several figures to fully explain data. Topics in PharmaceuticalsWhere's the Brand Logic?: Branding Lessons and Strategy include: what is branding how is branding applied to the FMCG and pharmaceutical industries corporate brandsand how they can be leveraged franchise branding as a business strategy developing and sustaining pharmaceutical brands over time saving the credibility of the pharmaceutical industry changing the pharmaceutical business model to use branding as a strategic tool much, much more PharmaceuticalsWhere's the Brand Logic?: Branding Lessons and Strategy provides the information and tools to help gain the competitive edge in a tough marketplace. This is an invaluable resource for anyone in the global pharmaceutical industry, including marketing personnel, senior management, general managers, strategy groups, and training departments.

Today international development policy is converging around ideas of neoliberal reform, democratisation and poverty reduction. What does this mean for the local and international dimensions of aid relationships? The Aid Effect demonstrates the fruitfulness of an ethnographic approach to aid, policy reform and global governance. The contributors provide powerful commentary on hidden processes, multiple perspectives or regional interests behind official aid policy discourses. The book raises important questions concerning the systematic social effects of aid relationships, the nature of sovereignty and the state, and the working of power inequalities built through the standardisations of a neoliberal framework. The contributors take on new challenges to anthropology presented by a 'global aid architecture' which no longer operates through discrete projects but has moved on to sector wide approaches, budgetary support and other macro-level instruments of development; but they remain faithful to the fieldwork methodology that is anthropology's strength and the source of rare insight.

Hans Urs von Balthasar (1905-1988) is one of the most prolific, creative and wide-ranging theologians of the twentieth century who is just now coming to prominence. But because of his own daring speculations about the meaning of Christ's descent into hell after the crucifixion, about the uniqueness of Christ as savior of a pluralistic world, and because he draws so many of his resources for his theology from literature, drama, and philosophy, Balthasar has never been an easily-categorized theologian. He is neither liberal nor conservative, neither Thomist nor modernist and he seems to elude all attempts to capture the exact way he creatively reinterprets the tradition of Christian thought. For that reason, this Companion is singularly welcome bringing together a wide range of theologians both to outline and to assess the work of someone whom history will surely rank someday with Origen, John Calvin, and Karl Barth.

Live recording of Daniele Lombardi's mixed media composition featuring vocals from David Moss, accompaniment from Ensemble Novecento as well as live electronics and video, recorded at Galleria dell'Accademia in Florence.

Hans Urs von Balthasar (1905-1988) is one of the most prolific, creative and wide-ranging theologians of the twentieth century who is just now coming to prominence. But because of his own daring speculations about the meaning of Christ's descent into hell after the crucifixion, about the uniqueness of Christ as savior of a pluralistic world, and because he draws so many of his resources for his theology from literature, drama, and philosophy, Balthasar has never been an easily-categorized theologian. He is neither liberal nor conservative, neither Thomist nor modernist and he seems to elude all attempts to capture the exact way he creatively reinterprets the tradition of Christian thought. For that reason, this Companion is singularly welcome bringing together a wide range of theologians both to outline and to assess the work of someone whom history will surely rank someday with Origen, John Calvin, and Karl Barth.

Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Personnel and Organisation, grade: A, Kings College London, language: English, abstract: Australian labor market over the period has continued to greatly experience periods of substantial changes. This has largely been in the areas of industrial relations, economic environment and employee relations. Australia seeks to ensure that its labor market remains stable through the creation of better employment and trade systems. The need to address the wage rate and employee relationship remains the focus of the country and various parties involved in addressing the productivity of enterprises (Burgess, 1999). This has seen the government get involved in ensuring that appropriate labor laws and major reforms are made in this sector to improve its productivity. The role of the state in industrial relation therefore has continued to grow and strengthen the labor market providing opportunities for employees to find paying jobs. Various institutions and labor unions have come up to ensure that drastic changes are made in the labor market both regionally and internationally for Australia. Most important has been the flow of information in the labor market from employers to job seekers, determination of the level of market competition, geographical and job locations and how the wage rates have been determined for the Australian labor population (Anon., 2002). Employee relations has been taken seriously by the regulatory bodies and various disciplinary actions have been effected with much concern placed on resolving employee grievances and wage rate related issues. Various institutions and labor unions have sort to ensure that employees understand their rights and roles to play regarding job performance, duty misconduct and various issues that affect and arise in the workplace. Australia labor market addresses applicable regulation issues, legislation involved and various bargaining agreements.

Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject Business economics - Business Ethics, Corporate Ethics, grade: B, Kings College London, language: English, abstract: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and share price performance are strategic in nature. As a result, organizations must give disclosure and report such initiatives to stakeholders as well as shareholders. The value is revealed in the share price of the public organizations (Bevan, 2010). The boost in share value of socially responsible companies surpasses companies which don't involve in any reporting of corporate social responsible activities (Robinson, 2010). In this report, we will talk about the relationship between share price performance and disclosure of corporate social responsibility in Mark & Spencer (Robert, 2009). Marks and Spencer is one among the dominant retailers of clothing, home products, food, and financial services of United Kingdom. 10 million people do shopping every week in more than 375 Marks and Spencer stores in the United Kingdom (Goldenberg, 2009). Additionally the Company has 155 stores run under franchises in twenty eight countries, generally in European, the Middle Eastern, Asian and the Far Eastern countries, and stores in the Republic of Ireland, Hong Kong and the United States supermarket group, Kings Super Markets. Marks and Spencer is formed in business units that cover food and general products (Retail Technology, 2012). The general products unit has been further divided into clothing of women, menswear, beauty, home etc. In proportion to the current focus on the advantages of Corporate Social Responsibility, it is argued that Marks and Spencer's social commitment with its stakeholders produces resources which create durable benefits for the company (Bookbinder, 2010). In this study, CSR is viewed as an important resource for Marks and Spencer and it makes possible better lasting share price performance. Corporate Social Responsibility is the valuable resource

Today there is a preoccupation among development agencies and researchers with getting policy right; with exerting influence over policy, linking research to policy and with implementing policy around the world. But what if development practice is not driven by policy at all? Suppose that the things that make for 'good policy' - policy which legitimises and mobilises political support - in reality make it impractical and impossible to implement? By focusing in detail on the activities of a development project in tribal western India over more than ten years as it falls under different policy regimes, this book takes a close look at the relationship between policy and practice in development. David Mosse shows how the actions of development workers are shaped by the exigencies of organisations and the need to maintain relationships rather than by policy. Raising unfamiliar questions, Mosse provides a rare self-critical reflection on practice, while refusing to endorse current post-modern dismissal of development.

"The Saint in the Banyan Tree" is a nuanced and historically persuasive exploration of ChristianityOCOs remarkable trajectory as a social and cultural force in southern India. Starting in the seventeenth century, when the religion was integrated into Tamil institutions of caste and popular religiosity, this study moves into the twentieth century, when Christianity became an unexpected source of radical transformation for the countryOCOs OCyuntouchablesOCO (dalits). Mosse shows how caste was central to the way in which categories of OCyreligionOCO and OCycultureOCO were formed and negotiated in missionary encounters, and how the social and semiotic possibilities of Christianity lead to a new politic of equal rights in South India. Skillfully combining archival research with anthropological fieldwork, this book examines the full cultural impact of Christianity on Indian religious, social and political life. Connecting historical ethnography to the preoccupations of priests and Jesuit social activists, Mosse throws new light on the contemporary nature of caste, conversion, religious synthesis, secularization, dalit politics, the inherent tensions of religious pluralism, and the struggle for recognition among subordinated people.