Great-power conflict and great-power war are still the most dangerous risks the international community is facing today. This edited volume investigates the feasibility of a modern day concert of powers as a way for managing the risk of great power conflicts in the 21st century. The volume takes its inspiration from history. The 19th century European Concert was not only able to ensure a period of exceptional peacefulness among the European great powers, it also limited the scope and duration of the few wars that did break out. The chapter authors discuss the achievements and limits of the historical concert, define the requirements that a new concert would have to meet, critically evaluate obstacles and risks of the approach and indicate how a 21st century concert of powers could complement, and fit into, the present legal and institutional setting of global politics. This volume offers a systematic examination of the norms and tools of the historical template and scrutinizes these tools for their utility in our time. It will be of great interest to a wide range of scholars and students in areas such as International Relations, History and International Law.

This volume comprehensively covers a range of issues related to dynamic norm change in the current major international arms control regimes related to nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons; small arms and light weapons; cluster munitions; and antipersonnel mines. Arms control policies of all of the key established and rising state actors are considered, as well as those of nonaligned countries, nongovernmental organizations, and international governing bodies.
Recent studies on multilateral arms control tend to focus mostly on "structure," by which opportunities and constraints for action are created. This volume pays equal attention to "agency," through which opportunities and constraints to produce change or maintain the status quo are handled. In addition-and in greater depth than in recent studies-the volume acknowledges the force of moral and ethical impulses (alongside such factors as political, legal, and technological change) in the evolution of arms control norms.
The volume begins with a look at the structure of regimes, at the conflicts residing in these structures, and at the dynamic processes in which these conflicts are worked out. The impact of extrinsic factors on norm dynamics is considered next, including technological change and shifts in attitudes and power structures. Essays on the role of agency in driving norm change conclude the volume, with a particular focus on norm entrepreneurship and the importance of acknowledging the competing justice claims surrounding norm-change efforts.
Contributors: Una Becker-Jakob, Alexis Below, Marco Fey, Giorgio Franceschini, Andrea Hellmann, Gregor Hofmann, Friederike Klinke, Daniel Muller, Harald Muller, Franziska Plummer, Carsten Rauch, Judith Reuter, Elvira Rosert, Annette Schaper, Hans-Joachim Schmidt, Tabea Seidler-Diekmann, Simone Wisotzki, Carmen Wunderlich.

Great-power conflict and great-power war are still the most dangerous risks the international community is facing today. This edited volume investigates the feasibility of a modern day concert of powers as a way for managing the risk of great power conflicts in the 21st century. The volume takes its inspiration from history. The 19th century European Concert was not only able to ensure a period of exceptional peacefulness among the European great powers, it also limited the scope and duration of the few wars that did break out. The chapter authors discuss the achievements and limits of the historical concert, define the requirements that a new concert would have to meet, critically evaluate obstacles and risks of the approach and indicate how a 21st century concert of powers could complement, and fit into, the present legal and institutional setting of global politics. This volume offers a systematic examination of the norms and tools of the historical template and scrutinizes these tools for their utility in our time. It will be of great interest to a wide range of scholars and students in areas such as International Relations, History and International Law.

This book addresses itself to the concept of the implied author, which has been the cause of controversy in cultural studies for some fifty years. The opening chapters examine the introduction of the concept in Wayne C. Bootha (TM)s a oeRhetoric of Fictiona and the discussion of the concept in narratology and in the theory and practice of interpretation.The final chapter develops proposals for clarifying or replacing the concept.

The Narratologiaseries publishes state-of-the-art monographs and collective volumes devoted to modern narrative theory and its historical reconstruction in all the philological disciplines. It is the first narratological forum of its kind in Germany. In addition to literary texts, the series focuses on narration in everyday contexts, in pictorial media, in film and in the new media as well as on narration in historiography, ethnology, medicine, and the law. The series publishes in German and English. All volumes are peer reviewed by two anonymous assessors.

It has become generally accepted wisdom that democracies do not go to war against each other. However, there are significant differences between democratic states in terms of their approach to war and security policy in general. This edited book offers a broad examination of how democratic preferences and norms are relevant to security policy beyond the decision of whether to go to war. It therefore offers a fresh understanding of state behaviour in the security realm. The contributors discuss such issues as defence policy, air war, cluster bombs, non-lethal weapons, weapons of mass destruction, democratic and non-democratic nuclear weapon states' transparency, and the political and ideological background of the ongoing 'Revolution in Military Affairs'. It has become generally accepted wisdom that democracies do not go to war against each other. However, there are significant differences between democratic states in terms of their approach to war and security policy in general.

It has become generally accepted wisdom that democracies do not go to war against each other. However, there are significant differences between democratic states in terms of their approach to war and security policy in general. This edited book offers a broad examination of how democratic preferences and norms are relevant to security policy beyond the decision of whether to go to war. It therefore offers a fresh understanding of state behaviour in the security realm. The contributors discuss such issues as defence policy, air war, cluster bombs, non-lethal weapons, weapons of mass destruction, democratic and non-democratic nuclear weapon states' transparency, and the political and ideological background of the ongoing 'Revolution in Military Affairs'. It has become generally accepted wisdom that democracies do not go to war against each other. However, there are significant differences between democratic states in terms of their approach to war and security policy in general.

What do arms control and disarmament mean for the political order of the world, and how does nuclear proliferation relate to them? What are the prospects for global order in a world of unequal states? These questions provide the general point of departure for this book. Specifically. the book briefly recounts the development of global nuclear non-proliferation policies, and the test ban issue, followed by a detailed examination of the developments between the Third and Fourth NPT Review Conferences. The organization and work of the Fourth NPT Review Conference are outlined, and the issues as they appeared in the general debate are surveyed. The work of the various committees charged with producing a consensus in the most contested areas is reviewed, and the final outcome is discussed. The significance of the PTBT Amendment Conference is assessed, beginning with the controversies which existed at the outset. Both the Meeting in May-June 1990 and the Conference itself in January 1991 are reviewed. The consequences of the 1991 Persian Gulf War for the non-proliferation regime are considered, as are the responses of the international community to the proliferation-relevant aspects of this dramatic international event. The final chapter of the book addresses several questions. What are the prospects for extending the NPT in 1995? Are there serious prospects for progress in further curtailment of nuclear testing? If so, how does this affect the future of the NPT? Finally, this book attempts to draw conclusions concerning the prospects for establishing reliable, tenable and enforceable world-wide rules for the control and reduction of weapons of mass destruction.

The Middle East is a hot spot of proliferation. It contains one state assumed to possess nuclear weapons, several states that tried and failed to develop a military nuclear capability, one state under suspicion of trying to do so, and it is the world region that witnessed the most frequent and severe employment of chemical weapons since the end of World War I. Notwithstanding, not a single arms control regime concerning weapons of mass destruction (WMD) covers the region as a whole. Instead we have seen several proliferation-related military operations which have rather contributed to destabilization than served non-proliferation. This volume, written under the auspices of the EU Consortium for Non-Proliferation and Disarmament determines the current state of diplomatic efforts to establish a WMD free zone in the Middle East. In doing so, it provides insights into central actors' conflicting political positions, thereby explaining the stalemate of efforts to negotiate a WMD-free zone. Chapters written by renowned experts from academia and policy-oriented think tanks, as well as by next-generation Middle East and arms control experts, introduce the subject to the reader, give background information about arms control initiatives, provide technical expertise, and endeavour to make proposals for arms control measures in support of the creation of a Middle East WMD-free zone.

Leo Perutz (1882-1957) war ein Schriftsteller, der zu Lebzeiten in grossen Auflagen gedruckt und intensiv rezipiert wurde. In seinem Nachlass befinden sich jedoch unbekannte, bis heute nie publizierte literarische Schatze. Dazu zahlen die Novelle "Die Galerie des Grafen Gollenhaidt", der nur Fragment gebliebene historische Roman "Mayflower", Arbeitsnotizen zu Perutz' Romanfragment "Der Vogel Solitar" und weitere kurzere Prosastucke. Das Buch setzt sich mit der Produktion dieser Texte, mit den Texten selbst, mit dem Werk Leo Perutz' sowie mit den historischen Kontexten auseinander. Lesefreundlich und zitierfahig ediert bietet die vorliegende Arbeit die Chance, Unbekanntes aus der Feder von Leo Perutz zu lesen. Dieses Buch ist mit dem Wendelin Schmidt-Dengler-Preis international 2022 der OEsterreichischen Gesellschaft fur Germanistik ausgezeichnet worden.

Until recently, scholars were hesitant to take the fantastic seriously. But since the 1990s, the increasing presence of the fantastic in mass media has spurred growing academic interest in the subject. This book discusses that new interest and brings together recent research in various disciplines. It provides an overview of current approaches and debates in the research of the fantastic. By taking stock of the present state of this young discipline, it also helps to ensure its future.

Die Genesis des Herrn Puntila und sein Knecht Matti von Hella Wuolijoki (1886-1954) und Bertolt Brecht (1898-1956) belebt seit fast 70 Jahren den finnisch-deutschen Literaturdialog und ruft immer wieder Diskussionen uber die Entstehung des Werkes hervor. Das Buch analysiert alle bisher bekannten Fassungen des Dramas auf einer historisch-deskriptiven Grundlage. Das Ergebnis der Analyse lasst nur marginale Divergenzen in der Struktur der Derivate erkennen: Die oft nur sprachlich-stilistischen Abweichungen gehen vielfach auf ein unterschiedliches Textverstandnis zwischen der Ausgangs- und der Zielsprache zuruck. Damit widerspricht die Autorin der gelegentlich in der Brecht-Forschung vertretenen Auffassung, Wuolijokis finnischsprachige UEberarbeitung des Brechtschen Puntila sei "die letzte Verzweigung des toten Asts jener Mischfassung, die keinem der beiden Autoren gerecht wird" (Hans Peter Neureuter).

Je schneller Moden und Methoden verschleissen, desto dringender wird der wissenschaftsgeschichtliche Orientierungsbedarf. Die Wissenschaftsgeschichte der Germanistik in Portrats legt eine nuchterne und kritische, aktuelle und anschauliche Geschichte des Fachs vor, samt seiner problematischen Vergangenkeit. Das Buch enthalt siebenundzwanzig Portrats der bedeutendsten Fachvertreter(innen) der Germanistik von den Anfangen bis 1945. Die wichtigsten theoretischen, politischen, institutionellen und interdisziplinaren Entwicklungen aus der Geschichte der Geisteswissenschaften sind berucksichtigt. Die Wissenschaftsgeschichte der Germanistik in Portrats dient der zuverlassigen Information uber die Fachgeschichte - und sie kann das allgemeine und fachliche Problembewusstsein von Student(inn)en der Germanistik und anderer Philologien historisch und systematisch vertiefen und so zur besseren Orientierung beitragen.

This volume is the first comparative study of the political tools employed by the Popes and the perception of the Papacy in different regions, so combining the perspectives of the Roman center and that of the churches on the periphery. The Roman view of the means by which it exerted its influence over the Church is set against the reaction of the various regions to them. In this way the discrepancy between Roman prototypes and actual interpretations from the mid-11th to the end of the 12th century is further enhanced by the differences revealed by contrasting regional sketches.

From the middle of the 11th century to Pope Innocent III (1198 1216), the Latin Church developed into a European-wide Papal Church, with a strong hierarchy focused on Rome. Retrospectively, this historical development appears to have proceeded according to a preconceived plan. In reality, however as illuminated in this work it was driven by a complex process of give and take between Rome and the regions."

The series "QUELLEN UND FORSCHUNGEN ZUR LITERATUR- UND KULTURGESCHICHTE" (Sources and Research in the History of Literature and Culture), with a rich tradition stretching back to 1874, is an established feature among the renowned publications for German Literary Studies. Edited by Mark-Georg Dehrmann and Christiane Witthoeft, the series presents examples of high-quality scholarship examining literary texts in conjunction with historical cultural phenomena, particularly with the other arts. There is an explicit demand for literary studies with a transdisciplinary approach. German literature from the Middle Ages to the present day forms the main focus of the series. As the historical cultural thrust of the series includes aspects of intercultural experience and national perceptions of the other, Quellen und Forschungen is also open to occasional comparative studies. The publications of the series include monographs, doctoral and professorial theses. Works presented for acceptance in the series are required to display scholarly relevance and excellence in method and presentation.

Im Jahre 1912 veroffentlichte W. GERLACH 1] die Arbeit: "Eine Methode zur Bestimmung der Strahlung in absolutem Mass und die Konstante des STEFAN-BOLTZMANN'schen Gesetzes." Zum Zeitpunkt ihres Erscheinens lag die besondere Bedeutung dieser Arbeit in der experimentellen Bestimmung 4 der Konstanten im STEFAN-BOLTZMANN'schen Gesetz s= . T . Gegenwartig dagegen hat das Verfahren, eine Strahlung im absoluten Mass zu bestimmen, durch die wachsende, praktische und gezielte Anwendung der Ultrarotstrah lung besonders an Bedeutung gewonnen. Dem von PASCHEN angegebenen Messverfahren liegt folgendes Prinzip zugrunde: Man denke sich eine Metallfolie, deren ebene Flachenausdehnung F be 1 kannt ist. Diese Folie ist auf ihrer Oberseite zur Erzielung eines hohen Absorptionsvermogens geschwarzt. Auf der Unterseite sind in gut warme leitender Verbindung mit der Folie die elektrisch gegen diese und gegen einander isolierten Messstellen einer Thermobatterie angebracht, die auf ein Galvanometer arbeitet. Trifft nun eine Strahlung aus dem vor der Folie liegenden Halbraum auf die geschwarzte Flache, so wird sich diese entsprechend der Strahlungsintensitat erwarmen und an dem Galvanometer eine von der Strahlungsintensitat abhangige Anzeige hervorrufen. Der Strahlungseinfall auf die geschwarzte Flache werde jetzt weitgehend un terbunden, so dass die Galvanometeranzeige verschwindet. Schaltet man dann die Folie in einen elektrischen Stromkreis und erwarmt sie durch . Stromfluss bis auf die gleiche Galvanometeranzeige, so herrscht an den Messstellen der Thermobatterie die gleiche mittlere Temperatur wie im Falle der Bestrahlung der Flache."

Das Buch zeigt eindrucksvoll wie der Leser durch Schilderung meiner einschneidenden Erlebnisse, selbst - nach Umsetzung der Ausf hrungen und Regeln - sein Leben ver ndern und die Lebensqualit t deutlich verbessern kann.

Das Buch wendet sich an alle Leute, die gewisse mathematische Vorkenntnisse besitzen und denen es ein Bedurfnis ist, eine Begrundung derjenigen elementaren Teile der Mathematik, die sie als Kind bereits gelernt haben, zu erhalten. Dazu durften Mathematiker (insbesondere Lehrer der verschiedensten Schulgattungen), interessierte Schuler und Studenten der Mathematik gehoren. Fur noch nicht erwachsene Kinder ist das Buch ungeeignet.