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This 50th Celebratory Research in Labor Economics volume contains
ten original and innovative articles each written by stellar senior
scholars in labor economics, including a Nobel Laureate. Each
article deals with an aspect of worker well-being addressing
questions such as: What can epidemiologists learn from search and
matching models? What advanced degrees yield the highest returns?
How do occupational and safety risks on the job affect earnings?
What are best practices in estimating gender discrimination? Has
technology exacerbated the widening earnings distribution? How have
bureaucrats overregulated the economy? Did Right to Work laws
really decrease unionization? Why were undocumented immigrants able
to return to work faster than natives during Covid-19? And, how
does a husband's death impact a widow's use of time at home?
How firms are structured, the management practices they develop, as
well as the way in which workers and managers interact can have
wider implications for both the performance of the firm and the
well-being of its workers. This volume contains ten original and
innovative articles that investigate aspects related to workplace
practices and productivity. Topics include the role of employee
voice in the workplace, the link between unions, innovation and
firms' investment, the relationship between job autonomy and
hierarchy, the impact of personnel policies on firm performance,
the consequences of incentives through discrete bonus compensation
schemes for learning on the job, the repercussions of firm
downsizing on worker's performance, the individual returns to
entrepreneurship, the impact of private tutoring on college
attendance, and the measurement of labor market transitions.
How do changes at home, in the labor market and on the job affect
worker well-being? This volume of Research in Labor Economics
contains eight original and insightful articles answering this
question. Seven deal with demographic and labor market change, and
one deals with wage differences essentially at a point in time. Of
the seven, two articles analyze changes in family related matters
and have implications regarding labor supply; two examine
legislative changes, one of which has implications on teenage
employment, and the other on informal business formation; one looks
at potential productivity changes on farms in a developing country
and has implications for remaining on the family farm or going to
work; one models wage growth and shows why wages sometimes fall as
one remains in a job longer; and finally, one investigates new
enterprise formation over time.
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Skill Mismatch in Labor Markets (Hardcover)
Solomon W. Polachek, Konstantinos Tatsiramos; Edited by Solomon W. Polachek, Konstantinos Pouliakas, Giovanni Russo, …
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R3,428
Discovery Miles 34 280
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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The 2008 global financial and economic crisis led to a significant
increase in unemployment rates in most developed economies, yet
despite the rising supply of labor, a high share of employers claim
that they cannot find the right talent and skills. Concerns that
economic restructuring and changing skill needs associated with new
technologies and workplace organization practices will not be met
by an adequately skilled workforce, has placed the issue of skill
mismatch - the incongruence between skill supply and skill demand -
high up in the policy agenda. This volume contains eleven original
research articles which deal with the linkages between education
and skills and the causes and consequences of different types of
skill mismatch. Topics include the way graduate jobs can be
defined, the labor market decisions and outcomes of graduates, the
determinants of the overeducation wage penalty, the determinants
and consequences of underskilling, the wage return of skills, the
impact of skill mismatch on aggregate productivity, and the role of
work-related training and job complexity on skill development.
Research in Labor Economics 44 takes another in-depth and focussed
look at Inequality. This time however it is tied in with well-being
of the workforce. Research in Labor Economics volume 44 contains
new and innovative research on the causes and consequences of
inequality and well-being of the work force.
Inequality has been rising in many countries over the last decades
and the process seems to have accelerated with the Great Recession.
Not only is income distribution more unequal today than 40 years
ago, but also its transmission through generations has increased.
In other words, many countries no longer experience upward economic
mobility as was prevalent in the past. Research in Labor Economics
volume 43 contains new and innovative research on the causes and
consequences of inequality. Topics include the way inequality is
measured, the level of equal opportunities across countries, the
impact of education, the effect of changing occupational structure,
the consequences of changing productivity within the firm, the
roles of stagnating average real wages, the decline of union
membership, the effect of maternal labor supply on labor market
outcomes of their children, and the link between income inequality
and health.
Why in 2015 are there still large gender differences in economic
success? This volume consists of a set of state of the art research
articles to answer this question. Focus areas include educational
attainment, financial risk management, bargaining power, social
mobility, and intergenerational transfers in the US and abroad.
For most countries, women's labor force participation and hours of
work has risen while men's have fallen. Concomitantly, men's and
women's wages and occupational structures have been converging.
This volume contains new and innovative research on issues related
to gender convergence in the labor market. Topics include patterns
in lifetime work, earnings and human capital investment, the gender
wage gap, gender complementarities, career progression, the gender
composition of top management and the role of parental leave
policies. Among the questions answered are: Do the levels of and
returns to human capital change over the last 50 years in the US?
Can the shorter fecundity horizon for females (a biological
constraint) explain the division of labor in the home and the
resulting wage gap? Does skill-biased technological change favor
women's wages more than men's? Do care sector jobs incur a wage
penalty? What impact does this have on firm and employee outcomes?
Does the glass-ceiling faced by women in top management relate to
fertility and parental leave policies and having children? And
finally, are men and women complements or substitutes in the labor
market?
This volume contains new important research on worker well-being.
Topics include employment contracts, compensation schemes, worker
productivity, retirement decisions, the demographic transition,
time allocation, and child labor. Among the questions answered are:
How important is incentive pay in increasing worker productivity?
Does monitoring productivity affect a worker's earnings trajectory?
How is the decision to retire different in two-earner families
compared to one-earner families? How did the evolution of the
family affect men's and women's proclivities to work? Do welfare
subsidies encourage recipients to spend additional productive time
with their children? Can property titles (land reform) affect child
labor in less developed country settings?
Social protection systems are intended to support households in
financial difficulties, a role that has been underlined during the
recent Great Recession in many countries around the world. This
volume presents new results on the dynamics of social assistance,
minimum-income and related out-of-work benefits in a range of
different country contexts. It contains eight original articles,
which shed light on benefit spell durations, the movements into and
out of receipt of safety net benefits, the individual or family
characteristics associated with these movements, the extent of
state dependence or 'scarring', and the interaction of various
welfare programs. The results establish an evidence base for an
informed policy debate in a range of OECD countries. They also
provide methodological background for future work on benefit
receipt patterns.
This volume contains new important research on worker well-being in
a changing economy. Topics include employee compensation, human
capital investment, women's wages, unemployment, and the effects of
government policies. Among the questions answered are: Does
free-trade (particularly regarding NAFTA) affect women's wages
relative to men's? Can guaranteeing college scholarships raise high
school students' grade-point averages? Does increasing wage
dispersion within a plant induce workers to put out more effort; or
does it decrease comradery among employees, thereby lowering
productivity? Does deferring worker pay really affect productivity
on the job? Do firms manipulate fringe benefits (job
characteristics) to adequately compensate workers for dangerous
jobs? Do business cycles influence the terms of effort-enhancing
labor contracts? How can workers signal their potential quality
when displaced by plant closings? How severe are the detrimental
effects of long-term joblessness? And finally, how do changes in
welfare laws affect recipients' time allocation at home?
After three decades of economic reform, China is experiencing
substantial demographic changes and a steady structural
transformation toward a market economy. These phenomena pose major
challenges for the Chinese labor market, which are at the center of
the booming academic and policy research in recent years. This
volume presents fresh knowledge on labor market issues in China. It
contains eight original research articles which offer insights and
answers to question such as: Which are the most important
challenges of the Chinese labor market? How does rural-urban
migration affect occupational choice in rural China? Does urban
occupational mobility differ across gender? Which is the cost of
job displacement in urban labor markets? Is over-qualification
affecting the hiring probability across educational groups? How
does the social insurance system perform in terms of coverage of
urban workers? Which are the incentive problems in the new rural
pension program?
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Research in Labor Economics (Hardcover)
Solomon W. Polachek, Konstantinos Tatsiramos; Series edited by Konstantinos Tatsiramos, Solomon W. Polachek
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R3,994
Discovery Miles 39 940
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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This volume contains eight new and innovative research articles
relevant to researchers and policy makers. Each chapter deals with
an aspect of human welfare and is authored by an expert in the
field. One deals with how technological change affects the
distribution of earnings, two deal with how workers advance through
corporate hierarchy, four deal with how incentives motivate
workers, and the final chapter deals with how one immigrant group
is far more successful than even the native population. Among the
questions answered are: What accounts for the relative rise in
skilled worker salaries? Which workers advance more quickly up the
corporate ladder? Are workers hired from outside the company as
successful as internally promoted workers? Does performance-based
pay affect worker absenteeism? Do retirement incentives to workers
really help the firm? Do unexpected decreases in retirement income
decrease retiree life satisfaction? Do more stringent divorce laws
increase cohabitation? What causes immigrants to really succeed in
their new country?
Since its inception Research in Labor Economics has published over
350 articles encompassing a wide range of themes and spanning an
array of labor economics topics. Authors have ranged from young
scholars with much potential to mature leaders in the field,
including Nobel Prize and John Bates Clark award winners. Over the
years Research in Labor Economics has continued to present
important new research in labor economics. It covers themes such as
labor supply, work effort, schooling, on-the-job training, earnings
distribution, discrimination, migration, and the effects of
government policies on worker well-being. It aims to apply economic
theory and econometrics to analyze important policy-related
questions, often with an international focus. To commemorate
Research in Labor Economics's 35th anniversary, this retrospective
edition contains 20 of the most influential Research in Labor
Economics articles along with new introductory prefatory updates
written by the original authors. These new prefaces emphasize
recent developments that each article might have inspired and also
discuss remaining unanswered questions.
Informality and informal employment are wide-spread and growing
phenomena in all regions of the world, in particular in low and
middle income economies. A large part of economic activity in these
countries is not registered or under-declared and many workers
enter employment relationships that do not provide any or only
partial protection, work with little or no physical capital,
receive low wages and work under conditions that can be hazardous
to their health. This volume sheds light on the incidence and
persistence of informality and the role of institutions and
government regulations. The articles offer insights into issues
such as how labor and tax regulations determine the incidence of
informality, whether reforms on tax and other regulations can
reduce informal employment, to what extent informality occurs as a
result of job separations, how persistent is informal employment,
how informal employment can be detected and whether migration can
be a substitute for informal employment.
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Research in Labor Economics (Hardcover)
Solomon W. Polachek, Konstantinos Tatsiramos; Series edited by Solomon W. Polachek, Konstantinos Tatsiramos
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R4,435
Discovery Miles 44 350
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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This volume contains nine original innovative chapters on worker
well-being. Three chapters are on time allocated to work and human
capital acquisition, three on aspects of risk in the earnings
process, two on migration, and finally one on how tax policies
affect poverty. Questions answered include: Are more educated women
now opting out of work with a higher probability than in the past?
Under what circumstances do young adults allocate non-school time
to educational pursuits? How do macroeconomic shocks affect labor
force participation rates? Can tax policies alleviate poverty? Are
workers compensated adequately for taking risks? Do differences in
private and public sector earnings affect mobility between the two
sectors? And, do migrant parents affect educational decisions of
their offspring?
Economic events such as the recent global economic crisis can have
substantial effects on the distribution of resources at the
individual and household levels. Identification of appropriate and
timely policy responses that support vulnerable groups is hampered
by how little is known about the likely patterns of losses early on
during the downturn. This volume contains fresh knowledge on the
effects of the economic downturn on employment and income
distribution. It contains 9 original research papers from both
Europe and the US, including illustrations of forward-looking
simulation methods that can be used before detailed data on actual
household experiences become available. These papers offer new
insights into issues such as how wages, employment and incomes are
affected by the crisis, which demographic groups are most
vulnerable in the recession, how well the welfare system protects
the newly unemployed and how consumption and income poverty change
over the business cycle.
More than 190 million children under 15 are working in the world
today. Academic and policy research on child labor and related
questions about how children spend their time in low income
countries has boomed in recent years. This volume contains fresh
knowledge to help better understand the relationship between child
labor and the transition between school and work. It contains 11
original research papers by authors from Africa, Asia, Latin
America as well as the United States and Europe. These papers offer
insights and answers to issues such as: how to measure child labor;
how the returns to education in the adult labor market affect
children's school enrollment; how cash transfer programs affect
schooling and children's participation in market and non-market
activities; how child labor and schooling affect health; why
children participate in activities that are labeled worst forms of
child labor; how children's time is allocated along gender lines;
what role local labor demand plays in shaping the work and
schooling decisions of children; and, how many hours of work can be
undertaken before negative effects on school attendance are
observed.
Volume 19 of "Advances in International Marketing" is quite unique.
It features essays in marketing and international business, written
by doctoral alumni of Michigan State University. Based on the 2008
symposium held at Michigan State University (MSU), the authors
offer personal reflections of the contributions their mentors,
peers, and the larger academic community have made to their
professional development. These deliberations serve to illustrate
how individual research streams, whose foundations were established
during the doctoral program, took off and became primary areas of
specialization for individual alumni. The collective contribution
of MSU doctoral alumni to the fields of international business and
innovation/new products is truly remarkable. Such high visibility
of MSU alumni in the international business literature undoubtedly
is a major reason why MSU continues to receive high marks and
rankings in academic circles.
How immigrants and their descendants fare in the host society and
in particular in the labor market is a very important question.
While differences among ethnicities have been found to be marked
and persistent within many host countries, and while the labor
market consequences of diversity have been recognized, they have
not been sufficiently examined. This volume contains fresh
knowledge to help better understand the complex relationship
between ethnic or minority groups, the role of ethnic identity and
their disparate economic performance; 12 papers that individually
and collectively go to the heart of this question. Offering a new
paradigm, they tackle and interlink four important themes of
immigrants' integration: ethnic identity, citizenship, interethnic
marriages, and immigrant entrepreneurship. These papers offer
insights and answers to challenging questions for six different
immigration countries while they study countless different ethnic
and immigrant groups. It is the aim of this volume to bring the
role of ethnic identity in the forefront of scientific and
political discussion and provide a link among these themes,
anticipating new trends and directions in this area. An anthology
of these questions is: Does ethnic identity affect the employment
and earnings of immigrant groups and in what way? Does dual
nationality affect assimilation? To what extent do social
interactions determine the employment outcomes of ethnic
minorities? Why do Mexican-Americans exhibit low self-employment
rates? Which are the factors that influence the composition of the
workforce in terms of ethnic-background? Do interethnic marriages
influence transitions into and out of ethnic self-employment? And,
are interethnic marriages a guarantee to high human capital
achievement of their offsprings?
This volume contains 13 new and important never before published
chapters covering aspects of the employer-employee relationship.
The volume is focused at the academic audience, but is also geared
to government and business policy makers worldwide. The chapters
use data from the US, Europe, Asia, and the Middle-East to answer a
number of vital labor market questions. These include: Why has
part-time work increased so dramatically in the 15 European Union
countries? What changes in retirement behavior will be expected as
countries change pension laws? Why do firms often use fixed-term
instead of long-term employment contracts? How do employee work
interruptions affect occupational choice? Why do both employers and
employees often prefer additional fringe benefits to wage
increases? Do academic certifications really signal higher worker
quality? How is an individual's work ethic influenced by others in
residential neighborhoods? And, why do risky jobs often pay lower
wages when one might expect employees need better remuneration to
take dangerous jobs?
A country's economic productivity is directly related to the health
of its workforce. Thus, how a nation allocates resources to the
physical health of its population is of vital importance in
establishing the economic well-being of its citizens. This volume
contains nine original and innovative articles that investigate the
relationship between a nation's health policies, employee health
and resulting labor market outcomes. Topics include the direct link
between employees' health and wages, the employment impact of an
unfavorable health shock, the relationship between job insecurity
and a worker's mental health, the effect of career disruptions on
already chronically ill workers, the consequences of arbitrary
health insurance disenrollments, the impact of reducing publically
available sick day benefits, the repercussions of increasing
employers' sick pay benefits on absenteeism, the relationship
between economic conditions and opioid abuse, and the consequences
of parental migration on children's health. For researchers and
students of labor economics, or anyone interested in understanding
how a country's health policies affect its economic productivity,
this volume is a fundamental text.
Understanding the factors that affect how one transitions from
school to the labor market and finally to retirement is important
both to the individual and to the policy maker. This volume
contains seven original and innovative articles that analyze
aspects of such labor market transitions. Questions answered
include: How did hiring and firing decisions change for blacks and
Hispanics relative to whites in the Great Recession? Can
redesigning the minimum wage lead to more efficient employment
transitions and greater social welfare? What are the factors
leading a company to fast-track an employee? How does the number of
layers in a company's hierarchical structure affect one's ability
to be promoted? Do women gravitate to more socially caring
occupations because they care more than men? Does gaming among
youth increase math scores more for boys than girls? And, does good
health impede one's inclination to retire?
Dale T. Mortensen and Christopher A. Pissarides are the recipients
(with Peter Diamond) of the Nobel memorial Prize in Economics 2010.
They have made path-breaking contributions to the analysis of
markets with search and matching frictions, which account for much
of the success of job search theory and the flows approach in
becoming a leading tool for microeconomic and macroeconomic
analysis of labor markets. Both scientists have gained
groundbreaking insights through individual as well as joint
research. Consequently, this volume not only features several
papers which helped shape the equilibrium search model, including
some early contributions which have initiated the research on what
is known today as the search and matching model of the labor
market, but it also presents a joint paper by the IZA Prize
Laureates, which is a complete statement of the equilibrium search
and matching model with endogenous job creation and job
destruction. As part of the IZA Prize Series, the book presents a
selection of their most important work which has highly enriched
research on unemployment as an equilibrium phenomenon, on labor
market dynamics, and on cyclical adjustment.
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