This book consists of 13 papers developed by participants in the ICME 13 Topic Study Group 40 on Classroom Assessment. The individual papers discuss various aspects of classroom assessment, focusing particularly on formative assessment as assessment for learning, and are grouped into four main sections: Examples of Classroom Assessment in Action, Technology as a Tool for Classroom Assessment, Statistical Models for Formative Assessment, and Engaging Teachers in Formative Assessment. The book opens with a brief discussion of the use of formative assessment as a critical component of the teaching-learning process and concludes with an overview of lessons learned and ideas for future research. It is of interest to classroom teachers, university teacher educators, professional development providers and school supervisors.

This book consists of 13 papers developed by participants in the ICME 13 Topic Study Group 40 on Classroom Assessment. The individual papers discuss various aspects of classroom assessment, focusing particularly on formative assessment as assessment for learning, and are grouped into four main sections: Examples of Classroom Assessment in Action, Technology as a Tool for Classroom Assessment, Statistical Models for Formative Assessment, and Engaging Teachers in Formative Assessment. The book opens with a brief discussion of the use of formative assessment as a critical component of the teaching-learning process and concludes with an overview of lessons learned and ideas for future research. It is of interest to classroom teachers, university teacher educators, professional development providers and school supervisors.

This comprehensive resource provides educators with focused methods for students who struggle in elementary mathematics. The methods and procedures revolve around the CRA/CSA (Concrete-Representational/Semi-Concrete-Abstract) instructional sequence. These strategies are intended for small group intensive instruction, one that addresses students' need for increased repetition and explicitness that cannot be provided within a large group of students with diverse learning needs.Current research on the CRA/CSA instructional sequence is scattered across multiple resources. "Making Mathematics Accessible for Elementary Students Who Struggle: Using CRA/CSA for Interventions" provides comprehensive coverage of the most up-to-date research in one user-friendly resource. The sequence is included in every chapter and addresses instruction related to number sense, counting, basic operations, complex operations, basic fraction concepts, and operations with fractions.This resource is written by experienced professors spanning the fields of special education and curriculum, and teaching. Its professional insight, aligned with current mathematical teaching standards and CRA/CSA research, makes this text invaluable to upcoming or current teachers in elementary mathematics.Key features include: explicit and hands-on examples of CRA/CSA's use aligned with current mathematics standards and practices; suggestions and tips for various classroom situations; application questions for every chapter; drawings and diagrams associated with steps of the teaching process; classroom-tested strategies.