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Tourism economics is a rapidly expanding field of research and
interest in the subject has been growing steadily over the past
decade. As a field of study it is one of the small band of areas,
such as energy and transport economics, that draws on, and applies,
developments in general economics.This highly accessible and
comprehensive Handbook presents a cutting edge discussion of the
state of tourism economics and its likely directions in future
research. Leading researchers in the field explore a wide range of
topics including: demand and forecasting, supply, transport,
taxation and infrastructure, evaluation and application for
policy-making. Each chapter includes a discussion of its relevance
and importance to the tourism economics literature, an overview of
its main contributions and themes, a critical evaluation of
existing literature and an outline of issues for further conceptual
and applied research. Larry Dwyer and Peter Forsyth have assembled
a fascinating Handbook that will be an invaluable and much welcomed
reference book for tourism economics scholars and researchers at
all levels of academe. General economics scholars will also find
much to engage them within the book.
- Authoritative but highly accessible introduction to the
underlying economics of airports, their role, regulation and
implications. - Written for all aviation managers, relevant local
authorities and regulators, as well as serving as teaching material
for air transport Masters programmes. - The book uniquely offers
economic analysis and presents facts in the context of economic
reasoning with clear policy recommendations.
- Authoritative but highly accessible introduction to the
underlying economics of airports, their role, regulation and
implications. - Written for all aviation managers, relevant local
authorities and regulators, as well as serving as teaching material
for air transport Masters programmes. - The book uniquely offers
economic analysis and presents facts in the context of economic
reasoning with clear policy recommendations.
This book analyses the political, economic and managerial
challenges for policy makers and the air transport industry as they
face climate change. Based on an overview of the scientific
background and technological options for emissions reduction,
Aviation and Climate Change provides an in-depth assessment of
environmental regulation and management. It provides an
up-to-the-minute analysis of the effects of aviation on climate
change, and an economic analysis of policies to reduce or eliminate
greenhouse gas emissions. The main emphasis of the book is on the
economic mechanisms used to lessen emissions - carbon taxes,
emissions trading schemes and offset schemes. It pays particular
attention to the ways these policies work, and to the interaction
between them - for instance, the interaction between taxes and
emissions trading schemes. One feature of the book is that it
analyses the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for
International Aviation (CORSIA) which has been developed by ICAO
for international aviation, and which is due to commence operation
shortly. The advantages and disadvantages of this controversial
scheme are discussed. This book will be of interest to researchers
in diverse areas (economics, political science, engineering,
natural sciences), to air transport policy makers, and to managers
in the aviation industry.
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Air Transport (Hardcover)
Peter Forsyth, Kenneth Button, Peter Nijkamp
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R9,527
Discovery Miles 95 270
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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This authoritative new collection of 40 articles, presents the most
important classics and contemporary papers on air transport. It
features a comprehensive range of topics, including airline costs
and productivity, pricing and yield management, competitive
behaviour and strategic alliances, environmental aspects, and
aviation in developing nations. Congestion and investment in
airports, and regulation of airports are also covered. The articles
selected cover theoretical analyses of air transport, empirical
findings and discussion of policy issues such as liberalisation and
deregulation of airline markets. The collection highlights current
policy issues and emerging trends which will be of interest to
students of transport economics, industrial organisation and
regulation. It will also be a useful reference tool for policy
makers and regulators, airline executives and to consultants in
aviation and transport.
Tourism economics is a rapidly expanding field of research and
interest in the subject has been growing steadily over the past
decade. As a field of study it is one of the small band of areas,
such as energy and transport economics, that draws on, and applies,
developments in general economics.This highly accessible and
comprehensive Handbook presents a cutting edge discussion of the
state of tourism economics and its likely directions in future
research. Leading researchers in the field explore a wide range of
topics including: demand and forecasting, supply, transport,
taxation and infrastructure, evaluation and application for
policy-making. Each chapter includes a discussion of its relevance
and importance to the tourism economics literature, an overview of
its main contributions and themes, a critical evaluation of
existing literature and an outline of issues for further conceptual
and applied research. Larry Dwyer and Peter Forsyth have assembled
a fascinating Handbook that will be an invaluable and much welcomed
reference book for tourism economics scholars and researchers at
all levels of academe. General economics scholars will also find
much to engage them within the book.
The last few decades have witnessed substantial liberalization
trends in various industries and countries. Starting with the
deregulation of the US airline industry in 1978, regulatory
restructuring took place in further network industries such as
telecommunications, electricity or railways in various countries
around the world. Although most of the liberalization movements
were initially triggered by the worrying performances of the
respective regulatory frameworks, increases in competition and
corresponding improvements in allocative and productive efficiency
were typically associated with the respective liberalization
efforts. From an academic perspective, the transition from
regulated industries to liberalized industries has attracted a
substantial amount of research reflected in many books and research
articles which can be distilled to three main questions: (1) What
are the forces that have given rise to regulatory reform? (2) What
is the structure of the regulatory change which has occurred to
date and is likely to occur in the immediate future? (3) What have
been the effects on industry efficiency, prices and profits of the
reforms which have occurred to date? Liberalization in Aviation
brings together renowned academics and practitioners from around
the world to address all three questions and draw policy
conclusions. The book is divided into five sections, in turn
dealing with aspects of competition in various liberalized markets,
the emergence and growth of low-cost carriers, horizontal mergers
and alliances, infrastructures, and concluding with economic
assessments of liberalization steps so far and proposed steps in
the future.
Prior to liberalization, there was little scope for predatory
behaviour in the aviation market. However, following deregulation,
new entrants sought to compete with entrenched incumbents. Low-cost
carriers (LCCs) gained significant market share, which in turn
provoked many different kinds of defensive response. Having put
pressure on established carriers, low-cost airlines are themselves
feeling the pressure of competition from new operators. While it is
normal and natural for airlines to react to competition - modifying
their services, the ways in which they offer them and their prices
- when does aggressive commercial behaviour go too far and become
predation? This book considers what exactly is meant by 'predation'
in the aviation environment, and explores the strategies LCCs adopt
in order to gain market share, as well as the strategies of the
established airlines in response to competition from new entrants
to the market. It also addresses the key question of what
competition policy should do to ensure intensive competition.
Competition versus Predation in Aviation Markets brings together
contributions from around the world, from airlines, government
agencies, leading academics and consultants, providing a wealth of
perspectives on a business practice crucial to airline survival.
This book offers new insights into the theory and practice of
economic airport regulation. In light of recent developments in
aviation markets and policy, and the debate on airport regulation
and benchmarking, it offers case studies on various aspects of
economic regulation of city and regional airports. Written by
experts in the field, the volume features contributions on the
theory of regulation and benchmarking, as well as case studies on
recent experiences in Europe and Latin America.This book is divided
into three parts: Part I provides the theoretical background for
the study of airport regulation and regulatory systems. Competition
at airports is discussed, as are common forms of regulation and
potential pitfalls. Part II addresses benchmarking, as benchmarking
is often applied as an input to the regulatory process. Although
benchmarking is necessary, reviews of how benchmarking is applied
in the literature and in practice show that improvements can be
made. Part III provides case studies on real-world examples.
Addressing the question of whether and how European airport
regulators set incentives for efficiency, and how benchmarking is
used in the regulatory process, this book is an important
contribution to the development of the transport industry in Europe
and Latin America. It will appeal to scholars and students in
transport economics, regional economics and related fields, as well
as to practitioners and policy makers in the transport industry.
Prior to liberalization, there was little scope for predatory
behaviour in the aviation market. However, following deregulation,
new entrants sought to compete with entrenched incumbents. Low-cost
carriers (LCCs) gained significant market share, which in turn
provoked many different kinds of defensive response. Having put
pressure on established carriers, low-cost airlines are themselves
feeling the pressure of competition from new operators. While it is
normal and natural for airlines to react to competition - modifying
their services, the ways in which they offer them and their prices
- when does aggressive commercial behaviour go too far and become
predation? This book considers what exactly is meant by 'predation'
in the aviation environment, and explores the strategies LCCs adopt
in order to gain market share, as well as the strategies of the
established airlines in response to competition from new entrants
to the market. It also addresses the key question of what
competition policy should do to ensure intensive competition.
Competition versus Predation in Aviation Markets brings together
contributions from around the world, from airlines, government
agencies, leading academics and consultants, providing a wealth of
perspectives on a business practice crucial to airline survival.
The break-up of BAA and the blocked takeover of Bratislava airport
by the competing Vienna airport have brought the issue of airport
competition to the top of the agenda for air transport policy in
Europe. Airport Competition reviews the current state of the debate
and asks whether airport competition is strong enough to
effectively limit market power. It provides evidence on how
travellers chose an airport, thereby altering its competitive
position, and on how airports compete in different regions and
markets. The book also discusses the main policy implications of
mergers and subsidies.
The break-up of BAA and the blocked takeover of Bratislava airport
by the competing Vienna airport have brought the issue of airport
competition to the top of the agenda for air transport policy in
Europe. Airport Competition reviews the current state of the debate
and asks whether airport competition is strong enough to
effectively limit market power. It provides evidence on how
travellers chose an airport, thereby altering its competitive
position, and on how airports compete in different regions and
markets. The book also discusses the main policy implications of
mergers and subsidies.
Transport is an essential element of tourism, providing the vital
link between the tourist generating areas and destinations. Good
accessibility, which is determined by the transport services
provided, is a fundamental condition for the development of any
tourist destination. Moreover the transport industry can be a major
beneficiary of tourism because of the additional passenger demand
that may be generated. Aviation is an increasingly important mode
of transport for tourism markets. Whilst geography has meant that,
in modern times, air travel has always been the dominant mode for
long distance travel and much international tourism, moves towards
deregulation, and in particular the emergence of the low cost
carrier sector, have also increased aviation's significance for
short and medium haul tourism trips. Thus developments in aviation
can have very major implications for many leisure and business
tourism markets. However the characteristics and needs of leisure
travellers are generally so very different from business travellers
that this necessitates a separate consideration of these markets if
a detailed understanding of the relationship with aviation is to be
gained. In spite of the obvious closeness between the aviation and
tourism industries, there are very few specialist texts on this
subject. Most tourism focused books consider aviation as just one
component of the tourism industry which needs to be discussed,
whereas aviation specialist texts rarely concentrate on just
leisure travel. In addition there is very little literature that
gives a detailed appreciation of the complexities and potential
conflicts associated with the development of coherent and effective
aviation and tourism policies. Therefore it is the aim of this book
to fill this important gap which exists with a comprehensive,
in-depth study of the relationship between aviation and leisure
travel. The book deals exclusively with issues related to the
relationship between aviation and leisure travel. It does this with
an analysis of the theoretical concepts relevant to the subject
area combined with a detailed investigation of current practice
within the aviation and tourism industries. Each chapter is
illustrated with case study material that will reinforce the
understanding of the issues that are being examined.
Over the past several decades, commercial air traffic has been
growing at a far greater rate than airport capacity, causing
airports to become increasingly congested. How can we accommodate
this increased traffic and at the same time alleviate traffic
delays resulting from congestion? The response outside the US has
been to set a maximum number of slots and use administrative
procedures to allocate these among competing airlines, with the
most important consideration being 'grandfather rights' to existing
carriers. The United States, on the other hand, has used
administrative procedures to allocate slots at only four airports.
In all other cases, flights have been handled on a first-come,
first-served basis, with aircraft queuing for the privilege of
landing or taking off from a congested airport. While recognizing
the advantages of slot systems in lessening delays, economists have
criticized both approaches as being sub-optimal, and have advocated
procedures such as slot auctions, peak-load pricing and slot
trading to better utilize congested airports. Edited by an
international team of air transport economists and drawing on an
impressive list of contributors, Airport Slots provides an
extremely comprehensive treatment of the subject. It considers the
methods currently used to allocate slots and applies economic
analysis to each. The book then explains various schemes to
increase public welfare by taxing or pricing congestion, and
describes alternate slot-allocation schemes, most notably slot
auctions. In addition, Airport Slots outlines the complexities
involved in slot-allocation methods, including the requirement for
multiple slots - a take-off slot at London Heathrow is useless
unless there is a landing slot available at Frankfurt for a London
Frankfurt flight. Finally, the book explores the economic pitfalls
of slot-allocation schemes; for example, controls may not be
required if external delay costs are internalized by a dominant
carrier at its hub. Airport Slots provides a valuable contribution
to the debate on how best to limit airport congestion. The book's
comprehensive treatment of the subject matter provides the reader
with a 'one-stop' volume to explore airport congestion and
slot-allocation schemes, offering valuable insights to academics
and practitioners alike.
This tour d'horizon book reviews airport regulation and competition
in different regions of the world and contrasts different policy
perspectives. Organized in four parts, the first three examine, in
turn, Australasia, North America, and Europe, while the last
section looks at the institutional reforms that have taken place in
these regions. The book covers the regulation of airports, and
competition in different regions, as well as privatization policy,
the interaction between airports and airlines, and regional
economic impacts. It also examines the linkages between governance
structures and forms of regulation. The book's global sweep
embraces all the large aviation markets, bringing together the
ideas and challenges of academic economists, airlines, airport
managers, consultants and government regulators. As well as looking
at different methods, degrees and paradigms of regulation it also
spells out the stress-points, in a way that makes essential reading
for airport operators, airline operations staff, as well as
academic economists concerned with transport studies. It also
offers interesting reading and important lessons for those
concerned with regulation of the utility industries such as,
telecommunications, water and power generation and distribution -
where infrastructure can be subject to natural monopoly
characteristics and where firms competing in downstream markets are
dependent on the investment and operational strategies of the
upstream infrastructure operator.
This book analyses the political, economic and managerial
challenges for policy makers and the air transport industry as they
face climate change. Based on an overview of the scientific
background and technological options for emissions reduction,
Aviation and Climate Change provides an in-depth assessment of
environmental regulation and management. It provides an
up-to-the-minute analysis of the effects of aviation on climate
change, and an economic analysis of policies to reduce or eliminate
greenhouse gas emissions. The main emphasis of the book is on the
economic mechanisms used to lessen emissions - carbon taxes,
emissions trading schemes and offset schemes. It pays particular
attention to the ways these policies work, and to the interaction
between them - for instance, the interaction between taxes and
emissions trading schemes. One feature of the book is that it
analyses the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for
International Aviation (CORSIA) which has been developed by ICAO
for international aviation, and which is due to commence operation
shortly. The advantages and disadvantages of this controversial
scheme are discussed. This book will be of interest to researchers
in diverse areas (economics, political science, engineering,
natural sciences), to air transport policy makers, and to managers
in the aviation industry.
Transport is an essential element of tourism, providing the vital
link between the tourist generating areas and destinations. Good
accessibility, which is determined by the transport services
provided, is a fundamental condition for the development of any
tourist destination. Moreover the transport industry can be a major
beneficiary of tourism because of the additional passenger demand
that may be generated. Aviation is an increasingly important mode
of transport for tourism markets. Whilst geography has meant that,
in modern times, air travel has always been the dominant mode for
long distance travel and much international tourism, moves towards
deregulation, and in particular the emergence of the low cost
carrier sector, have also increased aviation's significance for
short and medium haul tourism trips. Thus developments in aviation
can have very major implications for many leisure and business
tourism markets. However the characteristics and needs of leisure
travellers are generally so very different from business travellers
that this necessitates a separate consideration of these markets if
a detailed understanding of the relationship with aviation is to be
gained. In spite of the obvious closeness between the aviation and
tourism industries, there are very few specialist texts on this
subject. Most tourism focused books consider aviation as just one
component of the tourism industry which needs to be discussed,
whereas aviation specialist texts rarely concentrate on just
leisure travel. In addition there is very little literature that
gives a detailed appreciation of the complexities and potential
conflicts associated with the development of coherent and effective
aviation and tourism policies. Therefore it is the aim of this book
to fill this important gap which exists with a comprehensive,
in-depth study of the relationship between aviation and leisure
travel. The book deals exclusively with issues related to the
relationship between aviation and leisure travel. It does this with
an analysis of the theoretical concepts relevant to the subject
area combined with a detailed investigation of current practice
within the aviation and tourism industries. Each chapter is
illustrated with case study material that will reinforce the
understanding of the issues that are being examined.
Since the publication of the first edition of this seminal
textbook, the tourism economics landscape has undergone many
changes. In this concise revised edition, the authors have
incorporated new approaches and ideas influencing tourism economics
and policy. This includes discussions of the implications of the
sharing economy and its effect on industry structure in
accommodation and transport, and Artificial Intelligence (AI)
techniques that are being increasingly employed in tourism
forecasting. It also includes new material on surface and marine
transport, resident quality of life issues, the price mechanism,
the economic contribution of tourism, tourism and economic growth,
and tourism and sustainable development. It remains an important
and accessible text for students, researchers and practitioners in
tourism economics and tourism policy.
Since the publication of the first edition of this seminal
textbook, the tourism economics landscape has undergone many
changes. In this concise revised edition, the authors have
incorporated new approaches and ideas influencing tourism economics
and policy. This includes discussions of the implications of the
sharing economy and its effect on industry structure in
accommodation and transport, and Artificial Intelligence (AI)
techniques that are being increasingly employed in tourism
forecasting. It also includes new material on surface and marine
transport, resident quality of life issues, the price mechanism,
the economic contribution of tourism, tourism and economic growth,
and tourism and sustainable development. It remains an important
and accessible text for students, researchers and practitioners in
tourism economics and tourism policy.
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