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This book correlates different minerals and lipids serum profiles
with the prevalence of cardiovascular disorders in South Asian
countries with special emphasis on Pakistan. Cardiovascular
disorders (CVD, e.g. coronary heart diseases, hypertension,
rheumatic heart disease, angina, heart failure and deep vein
thrombosis) show significantly increasing rates in South Asian
countries like Pakistan and have become a major health problem.
Nevertheless, the data on any aspect of cardiovascular problems
still is scanty. The serum profiles of different minerals (copper,
magnesium, zinc, selenium) and lipids are analyzed in detail. The
presented data will thus lead to a better understanding of the
problem and help to provide possible solutions, which can be
achieved, e.g. through ameliorated minerals profiles in the daily
diet. These results can help develop better dietary management
strategies in the prevention and treatment of CVD.
Essentials of Industrial Pharmacy is an attempt to comprehensively
present, in a single book, various pharmaceutical processes and
equipment that are frequently used for production of pharmaceutical
dosage forms, along with quality control tests of these dosage
forms. Pictorial/graphical illustrations provide easier
understanding of complex pharmaceutical concepts, manufacturing
processes of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Since it is imperative
for pharmacy students to have a clear understanding of the basic
concepts used in development of drugs into suitable and stable
dosage forms. This book offers a wealth of information regarding
basic aspects of pharmaceutical processes and dosage forms, in a
single book, for undergraduate pharmacy students or science
students (with no pharmacy background) intended to work in the
pharmaceutical Industry.
This book correlates different minerals and lipids serum profiles
with the prevalence of cardiovascular disorders in South Asian
countries with special emphasis on Pakistan. Cardiovascular
disorders (CVD, e.g. coronary heart diseases, hypertension,
rheumatic heart disease, angina, heart failure and deep vein
thrombosis) show significantly increasing rates in South Asian
countries like Pakistan and have become a major health problem.
Nevertheless, the data on any aspect of cardiovascular problems
still is scanty. The serum profiles of different minerals (copper,
magnesium, zinc, selenium) and lipids are analyzed in detail. The
presented data will thus lead to a better understanding of the
problem and help to provide possible solutions, which can be
achieved, e.g. through ameliorated minerals profiles in the daily
diet. These results can help develop better dietary management
strategies in the prevention and treatment of CVD.
Essentials of Industrial Pharmacy is an attempt to comprehensively
present, in a single book, various pharmaceutical processes and
equipment that are frequently used for production of pharmaceutical
dosage forms, along with quality control tests of these dosage
forms. Pictorial/graphical illustrations provide easier
understanding of complex pharmaceutical concepts, manufacturing
processes of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Since it is imperative
for pharmacy students to have a clear understanding of the basic
concepts used in development of drugs into suitable and stable
dosage forms. This book offers a wealth of information regarding
basic aspects of pharmaceutical processes and dosage forms, in a
single book, for undergraduate pharmacy students or science
students (with no pharmacy background) intended to work in
the pharmaceutical Industry.
Mass media, the fourth pillar of democracy plays a pivotal role in
up-keeping the socio- political system of a country sound and
healthy. Due to the advancement of information and communication
technology (ICT), the role of mass media has been multiplied to a
higher order. Man has conquered time and space due to this modern
technology.Mass media really connects the whole universe with a
noble mission to share the sorrows and sufferings, pains and
strains, success stories of the society. It always, if properly
managed, takes a vital part in political affairs.Mass media perform
the role of a dynamic watchdog and erects its fingers towards any
backlog in a system. It diagnoses the system and opens the pitfalls
and tries to rectify it.In this sense, it is a comprehensive and
multidimensional concept and encompasses the development of
agriculture and allied activities, village and cottage industries,
socio-economic infrastructure, community services and facilities,
and above all the human resources in rural areas.
The termite fauna of an area, locally known as Mianwali, was little
known in the past and this fact prompted a dire need to carry out a
detailed survey of District Mianwali regarding termite fauna and
swarming patterns. The present survey revealed 16 species of
termite, of which 06 species are new records for the area studied.
Regarding swarming, the present study indicates that wind speed and
temperature appear to be the most influencing factors as humidity
remained more or less in the same range during the study period.
More detailed studies spread over many years are required to
finally summarize the exact flight period of different species in
relation to environmental factors.
Mass media refers to communication devices, which can be used to
communicate and interact with a large number of audiences in
different languages.In the current situation, the role of mass
media is very import to upgrade the rural society. It can stimulate
the rural people towards progress. The mass media have been used at
once for transmission of development communications to the people
of this society as in others. The aim of the present study is
explore the role of mass media in District, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Male (n=30) and female (n=30) rats were divided into as control
(CC), horizontal restrained (HR) and head down suspended (HDS)
group for winter (20 C to 23 C) and summer season (30 C to 33 C).
During winter and summer seasons, male and female rats did show a
(P
This study was conducted to check the effect of nutritional
supplements to improve the yield and quality of Kinnow mandarin.
The nutritional status of the leaves was improved as a result of
application of various levels of nutrients in experimental plants.
Different nutrients level combination increased plant height and
its canopy spreading significantly. Major yield contributing factor
i.e. number of fruit set/ branch and yield (kg) were maximum in
plants supplied with 80 mL Humic acid + 80 mL of multinutrient
spray per plant before, after flowering and in August (three
installments, February, April and August) + recommended doses of
NPK and FYM. Other physical parameters like fruit weight, fruit
size, pulp weight, juice percentage and seed weight were improved
by various nutrients combinations. Results regarding fruit chemical
parameters like, TSS, acidity, ascorbic acid contents, total
sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars were significantly
improved in plants supplied with various levels of nutrient
combinations.
The main purpose of writing this book is providing the maximum
information to the mango growers about management strategies to
overcome the mango malformation and improve the fruit quality.
Because, mango (Mangifera indica L.) is known as "king of fruits"
due to its delicious taste and excellent flavour. Unfortunately, it
is subjected to a large number of disorders right from the plants
in the nursery to the fruit in transit and storage, which
ultimately results a low yield with poor fruit quality. Of these,
mango malformation is most damaging and so far untraceable and
uncontrollable. To achieve the goal of high production, the
improvement of mango production practices is needed which should
eliminate or minimize the potential obstacles in successful mango
culture i.e. malformation. Various control measures have been
suggested but none of these have been proved satisfactory because
of the complex nature of this malady. Therefore the present work
was initiated to ascertain the effectiveness of copper and non
copper based fungicides as foliar sprays in minimizing the
intensity of malformation of mango.
Local people of Cholistan desert of Bahawalpur (Pakistan) have
always used medicinal plants for their common health problems by
traditional method. Indigenous knowledge of local people about
medicinal plant is directly linked to their culture and history.
The present study was designed for the Ethnobotanical evaluation of
Cholistan desert, which is one of the resource based area of
medicinal plants. Indigenous knowledge of local people about the
medicinal uses of plants is the source of ideas for new research in
drug development and for wider use and economic benefit. There are
large number of unexploited plant species in the area which could
prove useful. The local people of this desert have good knowledge
of the utilization of medicinal plants and this knowledge is going
to be lost because of the interference of modern cultural changes.
The observations emerged from the present study to be substantiated
with pharmaco-chemical studies in the order to evaluate their
effectiveness.
The book will serve as basic guideline for post-graduate students
initiating their research work in newly emerging field of
eco-informatics. The integration of GIS with eco-informatics will
increase the visualization and analysis of the data collected and
enhance the understanding.. The basic objective of this book is to
bring together the two different approaches of GIS and
eco-informatics together for analyzing and quantifying the results.
It can be used as a reference book for PhD students in disciples
such as Ecology, Forestry, Geography, Cartography,
Soft-ware-engineering and other related disciplines.
Cholistan desert is a wild land of its own kind with scarcity of
endemic flora, counting only 128 species belonging to 34 families.
Homeopathy is a system of therapeutics and 80% homeopathic
medicines are based upon plants origin in the form of mother
tinctures. Present study was designed to explore homeopathic way of
treatment of various diseases by using the mother tincture. A
double blind clinical study of mother tinctures and
carbo-vegetabilis was performed based on the ethno-botanical
information collected from the local people of Cholistan desert.
The mother tincture of 19 medicinal plants and carbo-vegetabilis of
4 medicinal plants of Cholistan desert were clinically evaluated
against various diseases. The results showed that out of 19
medicinal plants the mother tinctures of 8 plant species was very
effective to control various diseases by giving 75-100 % curing
percentage. The results of present study concluded that the
homeo-mother tinctures of various medicinal plants from Cholistan
desert should be trialed and this cheap and safe way of medication
should be promoted in the area to control various diseases.
Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional problem
throughout the world. Women of reproductive age are relatively more
prone to develop this disease because the iron requirements are
high during this period of life. Study under report demonstrates
the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in day scholar girls
studying in various teaching departments of University of the
Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, belonging to different socioeconomic
status. Iron status of subjects was estimated by various
hematological parameters (Hemoglobin, Packed Cellular Volume, Red
Blood cell Count, Mean Corpuscular Volume, Mean Corpuscular
hemoglobin Concentration, Serum Albumin and Total Protein) . Serum
iron values varied with socioeconomic status and higher income
groups had significantly higher serum iron. it was concluded that
anemia may be due to poor intake and absorption of iron in
low-income groups. The work maybe helpful for public health workers
in developing Countries.
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Obesity (Paperback)
Shazia Anwer Bukhari, Zia-ur Rahman, Saeed Ahmad
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R1,465
Discovery Miles 14 650
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Ships in 10 - 15 working days
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Forty (40) age matched individuals of male and female, young and
old were selected as normal and obese on the basis of their body
mass index (BMI). A significant increase in concentration of serum
glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, albumin, ALT, AST, total
oxidant status, MDA and Hcy and a significant decrease in
concentration of HDL, total proteins, globulins and antioxidant
status (AOS) were observed in obese as compared to normal
individuals. Sodium, potassium, magnesium and manganese
concentration were significantly high and calcium, CU, Zn and Fe
concentration did decrease significantly in obese individuals.
Serum globulin, total antioxidant status and iron concentration
were negative while body mass index, systolic blood pressure,
glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, albumin, ALT, total
oxidants status, MDA, sodium and manganese did show a positive
correlation with Hcy in obese individuals. DNA damage was
positively correlated with BMI, systolic blood pressure,
cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, albumin, ALT, total oxidant
status, MDA, sodium, potassium and magnesium while negative
correlation was observed with globulin, AOS and iron contents
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Diarrhea (Paperback)
Shazia Anwer Bukhari, Zia-ur Rahman, Saeed Ahmad
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R1,220
Discovery Miles 12 200
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Ships in 10 - 15 working days
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Diarrhea a leading cause of illness and death in children in
developing countries may lead to the cause of dehydration resulting
from loss of water and electrolytes and lack of absorption of
nutrients due to inflammatory bowel. A total of forty (40) blood
samples were collected from normal and diarrheal children from
Allied and Civil Hospital, Faisalabad belong to middle
socio-economic class. Blood samples were collected with and without
anticoagulant from each individual for separation of serum which
was presented at -2 C. Serum biochemicals, hormones and health
markers were estimated in triplicate while using standard
procedures of analysis. A significant high concentration of LDL,
ALT, homocysteine, total oxidant status, K and Mg while serum
triglyceride, total proteins, albumin, globulin, T3, T4, total
antioxidant status, Na, Ca, Zn and Cu were significantly low in
patients with diarrhea. Diarrhea patients have shown a significant
increase in DNA damage. In addition, DNA damage has shown a
positive correlation with glucose, LDL and with potassium while
negative correlation was observed with total proteins, thyroxine,
total antioxidant status, sodium and calcium
Antipyretic activity of ethanol extracts of Echinops echinatus,
Alhagi maurorum, Fagonia cretica, Cymbopogon jwarancusa and Panicum
turgidum form Cholistan desert, Pakistan was determined. Plant
extracts were prepared by soaking air dried and milled plant
material in ethanol for one week, followed by filtration and
evaporation at 35oC. Treatment does with concentrations of 250, 500
and 750 mg/kg of plant extracts were prepared. Fever was produced
in rabbits, weighting 1000-1200 grams by injecting Escherichia coli
suspension at a concentration of 0.01 ml/kg of body weight. The
ethanol extracts of Fagonia cretica, at the dose of 500 mg/kg and
Pancium turgidum, at the dose of 500 and 750 mg/kg showed
significant antipyretic activity as compared to positive and
negative control. The extracts of Cymbopogon jwarancusa, Alhagi
maurorum and Echinops chinatus showed antipyretic activity but less
than positive control. These results showed that ethanol extracts
of Fagonia cretica and Panicum turgidum are more effective in
lowering temperature as compared to Echinops echinatus, Alhagi
maurorum and Cymbopogon jwarancusa.
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Pregnancy (Paperback)
Shazia Anwer Bukhari, Zia-ur Rahman, Saeed Ahmad
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R1,224
Discovery Miles 12 240
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Ships in 10 - 15 working days
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Serum globulin, total antioxidant status and selenium concentration
decreased significantly while AST, T3, T4, homocysteine, total
oxidant status, MDA, K, Ca, Zn did increase during 1st trimester of
pregnancy. Serum cholesterol, triglyceride, AST, T3, T4,
homocysteine, total oxidant status, MDA, Ca, Zn were significantly
higher while serum total proteins, albumin, antioxidant status, Na,
K and Se did decrease significantly during 2nd trimester. A
significant high level of body temperature, triglyceride,
LDL-cholesterol, AST, T3, homocysteine, total oxidant status, MDA,
Ca and zinc concentration while lower concentration of serum
proteins, albumin, antioxidant status, Na, Fe and Se concentration
was observed in women at the end of the pregnancy. Pearson
correlation was determined to observe the relationship of
homocysteine and DNA damage with the clinical biochemical profiles
of pregnant women.
The present research work was conducted in the Biological Control
Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of
Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, during 2009. The objective of
this study was, to enhance the longevity and fecundity of
Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), through
improving the artificial diet of its adults. The experiment
comprised seven treatments; of which six composed of honey, water
and yeast, in a ratio of 1:1:1 and one that of control. The honey
used in five of these, was collected from different plant sources,
whereas, that employed in the one meant for the inclusion of
Vitamin-E, was the common honey. The control treatment, however,
comprised the pre-existing standard diet (common honey + water +
yeast in 1:1:1 ratio), already being used in the bio-control lab.
The experiment was laid out in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) and
each treatment was repeated thrice.
This book describes the entrance of Cr (III) into the food chain of
silkworm from mulberry plants irrigated using Cr (III) containing
synthetic effluents during the year 2010 at Sericulture Laboratory
in Agricultural Entomology Department. The objective of the study
was to evaluate the accumulation of Cr (III) in soil, mulberry
leaves, silkworm larvae, silk glands and feaces and to observe the
effects of this accumulation on the growth of silkworm larvae and
silk yield. The soil, plant, silk glands silkworm and their excreta
were sampled to determine Cr. (III) amount using Atomic Absorption
Spectrometry (AAS).The conclusions were withdrawn from the obtained
results were(1)Bio- accumulation Cr (III) in soil, mulberry leaves,
silk glands, silkworm larvae and faeces was high at the higher
concentration of Cr (III) effluent(2)Although Bombyx mori excreted
large quantity of Cr(III) but still most of Cr (III) reside inside
its body.(3) Food consumption, Coefficient of food utilization and
silk yield also affected by the effluent.
The purpose of this project is to design and implementation of DES
and RSA algorithm. A computer network is designed to send
information from one point to another point. This application will
help us to encrypt the data and send to other in secure manner. we
have discussed about the DES and RSA and then implement in standard
level. The schemes and techniques that we can use to transmit data
in encrypted format. In other side the receiver decrypt the data to
make readable for human. We would like to express greatest thanks
to almighty ALLAH for giving the strength to undertake this
project. We would also like to thanks our family for its support
and prayers throughout the four years. We also wish to thanks our
adviser Sir Faisal Riaz with whom we collaborated on several
occasions during BSIT. He was key in exposing and pushing us to
areas of cryptographic research covered in this thesis.
Until now more than one hundred forms of cancer and variety of
infection have been recognised and almost every second tissue in
the body can become a source of one type of malignancies or even of
several types. The chance of recovery of tumour depends upon the
stage and the type of the tumour that is primary or secondary
(metastatic). The selection of treatment technique in tumour
therapy is critical in giving the patient the best possible
prognosis. Today commonly known strategies to treat cancer patients
are surgery, external radiation therapy and chemotherapy,
regardless of its limited effectiveness in metastasis stage of
cancer. Surgery can often prove very effective in removing primary
tumours but can do little in terms of micro-metastasis and
discovering small or inconspicuous neoplasms. This is being the
primary focus of target specific radionuclide therapy. Selective
delivery of the radionuclide at the site of malignancies would make
therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals a suitable addition to other
existing strategies. The study should help nuclear medicine
students/researchers in accessing the newly developed
radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis.
A one stops comprehensive textbook covering all the essential
components of orientation method and their application on
vegetation data. Most of problems encountered in vegetation ecology
and application of multivariate analysis are taken into account.
Ordination analysis can provide insight into the structure of
biological communities and into the impact of natural and human
induced environment distances on biological assemblage. Moving away
from classic vegetation analysis recent orientation techniques were
employed for validation of results. This book is recommended for
undergraduate and postgraduate courses specializing in orientation
and multivariate analysis.
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