Pathogenic Escherichia coli is found in the contaminated raw meat, raw milk, raw vegetables, contaminated water. The present work was based on the entomopathogenic effect of E.coli against stored grain pest Tribolium castaneum. Microbial screening of pathogenic bacteria was done by using different media such as TSB media, MacConkey media and Novobiocin media. Rearing of Tribolium castaneum was done and different stages of Tribolium castaneum such as larvae, pupae and adult were observed. Bioassay technique was applied for the detection of effect of E.coli against the Tribolium castaneum. The Bioassay was applied in two groups e.g. Control group and Experimental group. The pellet of grown culture of E.coli sample was mixed in the diet of Tribolium castaneum. The effect of E.coli was observed against 2nd Instar larvae of Tribolium castaneum upto three days and seven days.The mortality rate in both control group and Experimental group was approximately 10%. The results had shown that E.coli did not have any effect against Tribolium castaneum."

Pathogenic Escherichia coli are found in the contaminated raw meat. Contamination is common in Pakistan due to unhygienic condition. The present work was based on the entomopathogenic effect of E.coli against Tribolium castaneum. The cultured sample of E.coli O157 isolated from raw meat was used in this study. Microbial screening of pathogenic bacteria was done by using different media such as TSB, MacConkey and Novobiocin. Rearing of Tribolium castaneum was done in the Laboratory of LCWU. Bioassay technique was applied for the detection of effect of E.coli against the Tribolium castaneum. The Bioassay was applied in triplicates in bioassay glass vials. The results had shown that E.coli did not have any effect against Tribolium castaneum.

We performed a retrospective study between December 2010 and May 2011 on all retinitis pigmentosa (RP) cases seen from Okara during ophthalmological consultation at Lyton Rahmatullah Benevolent trust (LRBT) hospital from August 2008 to January 2011. The aim of this study was to determine the preponderance of low vision and blindness in retinitis pigmentosa in patients of Okara. The techniques used for the diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa were an examination of ocular fundus using a biomicroscope (fundoscopy), far visual acuity and visual field. Indeed, a drop in visual acuity and blindness were the main reasons for consultation in this study. 100 cases were reported of which two were with family history from Okara, 70 male and 30 females were affected from RP. The average age of RP patients was 27.45 with a range of 4-78 years. Blindness and low vision was observed in 54% of the patients and 40% respectively. The average age of RP patients with low vision ranges from 6-50 years and the average age of RP patients with blindness range from 9-65 years. Patients should be screened to enable them to benefit from management focusing on both appropriate treatment and genetic counseling.