IFIP TC3 Lifelong Learning Working Track This book is the result of the IFIP Lifelong Learning Working Track at eTrain, 7-11 July 2003, Pori, Finland organized by the Lifelong Learning Taskforce of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Technical Committee 3 (TC3) on Education. Members of the TC3 Lifelong Learning Taskforce are: Mike Kendall, United Kingdom; Brian Samways, United Kingdom (Chair); Tom van Weert, The Netherlands; Jan Wibe, Norway. The members of the Taskforce constituted the IFIP Lifelong Working Track Programme Committee that invited the contributing authors and reviewed contributions. Papers This book has been produced from reviewed papers by invited authors from Australia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Poland, Slovenia, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. The papers were invited to add to and reflect on the IFIP Technical Committee 3 Position Paper on Lifelong Learning, published by IFIP Technical Committee 3 in October 2003. xvi Lifelong learning in the digital age Focus Group Report In addition the book contains a Focus Group Report on Lifelong Learning in the Digital Age with associated resource documents. This Report was produced during the Lifelong Learning Working Track by invited participants: Mike Kendall, United Sasa Divjak, Slovenia; Kingdom; Carolyn Dowling, Australia; Pencho Mihnev, Bulgaria; Petra Fisser, Netherlands; Magda Ritzen, Netherlands; Anna Grabowska, Poland; Marijke Hezemans, Maciej M. Syslo, Poland; Netherlands; Rosa Vicari, Brazil; Tom van Weert, Netherlands. Editors Tom J.

Extending the chance for people from diverse backgrounds to participate in Higher Education (HE) is a priority in the UK and many countries internationally. Previous work on widening participation in HE however has focussed on why people choose to go to university but this vital new research has focussed on looking at why people choose not to go. Moreover, much of the extant literature concentrates on the participation decisions of teenagers and young adults whereas this book foregrounds adult decision-making across the life-course. The book is also distinctive because it focuses on interview data generated from across the membership of inter-generational networks rather than on individuals in isolation, in order to explore how decision-making about educational participation is a socially embedded, rather than an individualised, process. It draws on a recent UK-based empirical study to argue that this network approach to exploring educational decision making is very productive and helps create a comprehensive understanding of the historically dependent, personal and collective aspects of participation decisions.

This book examines, therefore, the ways in which (non-) decision-making about HE is embedded within a range of social networks consisting of family, partners and friends, and to what extent future participation in HE is conceived as within the bounds of possibility. It:

• provides a conceptual framework for understanding the value of network-based decision-making about participation in HE, in the light of the changing historical and policy contexts in which it is always located;
• highlights the importance of researching the socially embedded narratives of ordinary people in order to critique the deficit discourse which dominates debates about widening participation in HE;
• discusses the policy and practice implications of the network-based approach for widening participation and educational institutions.

Drawing on international research and professional practice, this book provides a rich, detailed, and accessible guide to Communities of Practice (CoP) theory, with information on how the theory is constructed, the research that it rests on, and the ways that it has been used in thinking about learning and teaching in the further and adult education sectors. Exploring Communities of Practice in Further and Adult Education introduces CoP theory and the theory of learning that goes with it. It provides empirical examples of CoP research from a range of settings, including further and adult education, to illustrate how CoPs form and work within educational settings, including thinking about assessment and evaluation. It also explores how different CoPs work together and can learn from each other. With these key elements described, this book demonstrates how CoPs can be used in further and adult education settings to help understand more about how students and staff learn. With engaging material including examples from research, prompts for professional learning, and case studies, this comprehensive and accessible title will appeal to student teachers and beginning teachers as well as more experienced teachers in the sector looking to refresh their practice.

Modern education has increased its reach through ICT tools and techniques. To manage educational data with the help of modern artificial intelligence, data and web mining techniques on dedicated cloud or grid platforms for educational institutes can be used. By utilizing data science techniques to manage educational data, the safekeeping, delivery, and use of knowledge can be increased for better quality education. Utilizing Educational Data Mining Techniques for Improved Learning: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a critical scholarly resource that explores data mining and management techniques that promote the improvement and optimization of educational data systems. The book intends to provide new models, platforms, tools, and protocols in data science for educational data analysis and introduces innovative hybrid system models dedicated to data science. Including topics such as automatic assessment, educational analytics, and machine learning, this book is essential for IT specialists, data analysts, computer engineers, education professionals, administrators, policymakers, researchers, academicians, and technology experts.

Today, a substantial portion of higher education is provided outside of the traditional universities in non-university institutions with a multitude of varied characteristics. In recent decades, higher education systems have been subjected to many changes and reforms throughout the world. One of the most important was undoubtedly the expansion of higher education in the second half of the last century from an elite system to one for the masses. While institutions of higher learning have been in existence for approximately 1,000 years, this exponential growth has been much more recent. This movement toward mass higher education has created substantial national impacts on the development of the systems of higher education. While common denominators of change and adaptation can be identified globally, there remain important differences from country to country. There are many factors challenging higher education today and in the foreseeable future. In one form or another, these issues and trends can be seen in higher education systems throughout the world. They include chronic underfunding, marketisation and competition, alternative providers, massification, internationalisation, governance, leadership, strategic management, accountability, accreditation, and social relevance. Another key factor for many countries, especially in Europe, and the focus of this book, is the current and future status of the higher education systems that differentiate the university and non-university sectors.

In recent years, the rampant development of worldwide communications and powerful modern technologies has reformulated the idea of distance learning and the transmission of higher education content. Combined with these new developments and the outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an apparent need for a thorough discussion on all features of e-learning. Online Distance Learning Course Design and Multimedia in E-Learning disseminates research, experiences, and philosophies surrounding innovation within higher education online teaching and learning environments. It includes case studies of relevant and fruitful applications, practical challenges, and examinations of the most recent innovations. Covering topics such as online management education, student engagement, and gamification, this book is an essential resource for academicians, researchers, educators, pre-service educators, principals, administrators, consultants, instructional designers, technologists, computer scientists, and policymakers.

A comprehensive guide to all the main labour market initiatives and agencies combining education and employment in the UK, this encyclopaedia presents an historical progression from the Guilds and Statute of Artifices in 1563 through to present day initiatives and changes. Fully cross-referenced throughout, with a full list of acronyms, bibliographic and internet resources, the encyclopaedia includes: Detailed descriptions of all major government initiatives connecting education, training and employment Documentation covering England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, and initiatives in Ireland up to Irish independence A brief history of education and employment in the UK Chronological history of Government Departments Outlines of all major public agencies and qualifications An extensive glossary of acronyms Information on rarely recorded and inaccessible historical documents With over 1500 entries, this encyclopaedia crosses knowledge boundaries providing for the first time an integrated map of national human capital development. It addresses: preschool initiatives, primary, secondary, further and higher education; vocational education and training; labour market interventions including those designed to return people to employment; and, government strategies designed to enhance economic and technological competitiveness. The cross-referenced structure provides connections to associated items and a chronological tracing of agencies and initiatives. This encyclopaedia will appeal to those involved in all aspects of education, training, employment, careers information, advice and guidance; and policy making.

Teachers working in Post Compulsory Education are recognised as being subject to a particularly acute set of pressures and challenges. These can include highly diverse and sometimes challenging student groups, trying to manage a complex curriculum which changes regularly and rapidly, and having to respond to the intense demands of inspection, quality assurance regimes and major government policies. Now in its second edition, the highly regarded In at the Deep End: A Survival Guide for Teachers in Post-Compulsory Education will help you to manage the varied demands of teaching in PCE more effectively by offering friendly, professional advice and a range of teaching and learning activities which will help you become an effective, confident, committed and reflective teacher. With a range of strategies, activities and spaces to reflect, this positive and practical 'survival guide' provides advice on: * Meeting initial challenges, working positively with your students and handling challenging behaviour * Accessing support, working with your local colleagues and a greater community of practice * Using straightforward techniques to help you manage pressure and conflict * Supporting skills for life, key skills and essential skills * Making positive use of Information and Communications Technology to support learning * Teaching your specialist subject * Managing inspections, developing as a leader and becoming a 'Reflective Practitioner'. Lively and engaging, and built from the experience of many teachers across the last 30 years, this book will help all teachers overcome everyday problems and pressures to keep their 'heads above water', and become efficient, skilled professionals in the Post Compulsory Education workforce.

Analyzes a community from the standpoint of immigrant mothers in South Central Los Angeles who were concerned about the education of their children and the violence in their communities. Written in Spanish and English, the text brings together the women's observations as they put into action their developing political consciousness.

In the digital age, online courses have progressed as popular modes of learning that provide interactive and collaborative learning in educational settings. The open education movement is enabled by the internet and combines the sharing of ideas, resources, and practices among all people in order to advance ideas and knowledge to a new generation of students. Massive open online courses (MOOC) provide a new way of learning for all levels of education. Emerging Trends, Techniques, and Tools for Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) Management is a critical scholarly resource that addresses the difficulties and challenges in MOOC design, implementation, management, and deployment. This comprehensive and timely publication aims to be an essential reference source, building on the available literature in the field of e-learning and online course management while providing for further research opportunities in this dynamic field. Featuring coverage on a wide variety of topics such as gamification in e-learning, plagiarism detection programs, and language online courses, this book is a valuable resource for instructional designers, IT professionals, software developers, academicians, and education professionals seeking current research on the impact of new methodologies and frameworks used in the lifecycle of open online courses.

Most learning takes place in communities. People continually learn through their participation with others in everyday activities. Such learning is important in contemporary society because formal education cannot prepare people for a world that changes rapidly and continually. We need to live in learning communities.

This volume gathers together all of the scholarly materials directly emanating from a workshop held in August 2005, when a multidisciplinary group of scholars met at Penn State s College of Information Sciences and Technology to discuss learning in communities . Initially, a sectioned report on the workshop was published as a special section in the Journal of Community Informatics in 2006. Subsequently, a special issue of 5 full papers was published in the Journal of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, and a special section of 2 full papers was published in the International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning.

This collection of papers is not the definitive summary of learning in communities. It is assuredly more prolegomena than coda. Learning is increasing recognized as a critical facet of lifetime activity, one that must become better integrated with all that people do. At the same time, community structures are increasingly recognized as a critical category of social organization flexible and adaptable, capable of innovation and development, and yet just as strongly nurturing and supportive. The promise of learning in communities lies ahead of us. This set of essays hopes to propel us all along that path."

This extremely topical and updated second edition of Assessment of Prior Learning: A Practitioners Guide focuses on the methods of correctly documenting and comprehensively assessing evidence of prior learning at institutions, outside formal education or training or via previous careers which enables students to gain credits on an academic course of study. Fully in-line with the updated Nursing and Midwifery Councils standards, this accessible text provides a wealth of activities to promote reflective study, fully customisable diary and assessment records and new contributors providing an insight to Assessment of Prior Leaning from a wider international context.

With life expectancy increasing, there is growing emphasis on encouraging older people to continue learning. This comes as part of a strategy to allow them to remain healthy, independent and vitally engaged in society for as long as possible. All the same, policymakers have barely begun to address the issues involved and the perspectives of these learners. This book presents insightful research that will help shift the focus of debate onto the learning experiences of older people themselves. It offers a critical overview of the development of theoretical and philosophical approaches to later life learning that have developed over the last three decades, drawing on published work from the USA, the UK, Australia and other countries. It documents the individual experiences of older people through a variety of methods, including:

• Focus group discussions
• Learning diaries kept by older people
• Questionnaires considering, among other issues, older people's definition on what learning is
• Interviews and commentary

This material gives a sense of the breadth and diversity of older people's experiences, as well as the enormous range of learning activities, both informal and formal, in which they are engaged in retirement. In a climate of debate and change concerning the provision and funding of non-vocational learning opportunities for adults of any age, this study's findings will be of particular importance. It will appeal to researchers and students of education as well as those directly involved in the implementation of courses and classes involving older learners.

The Encyclopedia of Adult Education is the first comprehensive reference work in this important and fast-growing field, and is an invaluable resource for adult educators who research and teach in the fields of higher education, work in community-based settings, or practise in public or private organizations. Its 170+ articles, written by an international team of contributors from over 17 countries, detail the research and practice of the field from its emergence as a separate discipline to the present day, covering key concepts, issues and individuals and providing a cutting-edge summary of ongoing debates across a wide range of perspectives, from self-directed learning to human resource development. Entries are arranged A-Z and extensive cross-referenced, with detailed bibliographies for each topic to facilitate further research.

- Provides students with research-backed strategies from cognitive science for studying effectively and efficiently - Includes concrete examples of the ways students can use each strategy and questions and activities for retrieval practice - Provides a wealth of illustrations to explain complex concepts and to make them memorable - Written by ‘The Learning Scientists’, stars in the education arena. - Includes an ISR with author videos, sample answers to the questions in each chapter, links to additional information and blogs.

With the release of the final volume of his trilogy, Peter Jarvis completes his comprehensive, multi-disciplinary study of lifelong learning and the learning society. Between them, these three volumes analyse every aspect of learning, from the fundamental psychology of the human drive to learn, to the global sociological apparatus in which learning takes place. In Volume 1, Towards a Comprehensive Theory of Human Learning, Jarvis demonstrates how learning underpins humanity. By assessing theories of learning across all ages, he constructs a new model for analysing how people learn. Volume 2, Globalization, Lifelong Learning and the Learning Society, considers the effects on the learning society of sociological structures, politics and economics, alongside the moral and ethical basis of such a society. In the brand new Volume 3, Democracy, Lifelong Learning and the Learning Society, the arguments of the first two volumes are brought together and furthered, asking what kind of society is possible as a result of learning? The book concludes that since human beings continue to learn, so the learning society must be a process within the incomplete project of humanity. All three books in the trilogy will be essential reading for students in education, HRD and teaching and learning generally, in addition to academics and informed practitioners. Peter Jarvis is an internationally renowned expert in the fields of lifelong learning, adult and continuing education and is founding editor of The International Journal of Lifelong Education - published by Taylor and Francis. He is Professor of Continuing Education at the University of Surrey, UK, honorary Visiting Professor at City University and Professor (honoris causa) at the University of Pecs in Hungary.

Continuous advances in technologies, individuals, and the workplace have increased the importance of adult learning and professional development for keeping up with the current pace of technologies and information. Advanced Research in Adult Learning and Professional Development: Tools, Trends, and Methodologies explores the understanding, practice, and research within technical education and professional development. By providing a comprehensive view on educational technologies for adult learning, this book is essential for lecturers, practitioners, as well as academics interested in a variety of research in continuing education.

South Africa has one of the highest rates of youth unemployment and is renowned for being one of the most unequal societies in the world. In this context, training and education play critical roles in helping young people escape poverty and unemployment. Post-school Education offers insights about the way in which young people in South Africa navigate their way through a host of post-school training and education options. The topics range from access to, and labour market transitions from, vocational education, adult education, universities, and workplace-based training. The individual chapters offer up-to-date analyses, identify some of the challenges that young people face when accessing training and education and also point to gaps between education and the labour market. The contributors are all experts in their respective components but write with a holistic view of the post-school education system, using an unashamedly empirical lens. Post-school Education will be of interest to all researchers and policymakers concerned with the transformative role of further education and training in society.

Originally published in 1954, this is the first full-length account of the history of the Working Men's College in St. Pancras, London. One hundred and fifty years on from its foundation in 1854, it is the oldest adult educational institute in the country. Self-governing and self-financing, it is a rich part of London's social history. The college stands out as a distinctive monument of the voluntary social service founded by the Victorians, unchanged in all its essentials yet adapting itself to the demands of each generation of students and finding voluntary and unpaid teachers to continue its tradition.

Originally published in 1958.The history of Morley College provides an illuminating case-history of the growth and spread of adult education in the second half of the nineteenth and early years of the twentieth centuries. Morley College is unique in that it was one of the first of such institutions to proclaim and inculcate absolute sex and class equality. It has always been guided by democratic principles in the sense that the students have been encouraged to play a definite part in the administration of the college - an ethos which continues to this day.

Originally published in 1961, the book charts the dynamics of successive phases of the adult education movement and shows the social origin and development of the ideas and attitudes of those involved with it.

This book presents a radical reconceptualization of subject-focused and research-led teacher professional development. Drawing on the experiences of more than 50 high school teachers and technicians who participated in science-based research with their students, the author examines how this enables teachers to develop a 'Teacher Scientist' model of professional identity. Through active participation in research, science teachers and technicians can implement socially just approaches to education, where students' differences are valued and, through research, their social and academic development is supported. Central to the 'Teacher Scientist' identity is the development of, and sustained interaction with, complex and collaborative professional networks which include researchers, university-staff and teachers and students in other schools. In the context of persistent recruitment and retention challenges, the 'Teacher Scientist' model provides a research-led approach which may offer an alternative to strategies focused on financial incentives.

Unlike today's world religious views, the belief in one Supreme Being was once a widespread phenomenon. In The Separation of Heaven and Earth, author Harold Montzka provides evidence of this contemporary view with new arguments.

By studying anthropology and the history of religions, Montzka shows evidence for the belief system of the egalitarian hunters who spread across the globe. In the Near East, the area from the mountains in Turkey to the Persian Gulf, people traded freely without evidence of borders or conflict. Then, social hierarchy became evident in a small area. Shortly after this, a number of hierarchical sites appeared suddenly, and society saw massive buildings, city walls, ethnic divisions, trade to benefit the elites, war, and instability.

Developed over forty years, The Separation of Heaven and Earth points out that a single cosmological theme was present in ancient literature as well as recent preliterate hierarchies. The cosmology justifying the elites in hierarchical societies provided for the society by control of nature. Those few groups who have remained egalitarian do not use this cosmology. They are not dependent on the rituals of a social hierarchy; they depend on the providence of their creator.