This book discusses the recent developments in robust optimization (RO) and information gap design theory (IGDT) methods and their application for the optimal planning and operation of electric energy systems. Chapters cover both theoretical background and applications to address common uncertainty factors such as load variation, power market price, and power generation of renewable energy sources. Case studies with real-world applications are included to help undergraduate and graduate students, researchers and engineers solve robust power and energy optimization problems and provide effective and promising solutions for the robust planning and operation of electric energy systems.

Offering a comprehensive overview of biofuels and bioenergy systems, Biofuels: Technologies, Policies, and Opportunities describes advances in technologies and global policies around biofuels as a renewable energy source. It discusses the basics of biofuel and bioenergy systems and current status and potential challenges in developed and developing countries. The book also highlights the questions that should be asked, available options, and processes (conventional and advanced) to enhance biofuel production. Details how technological interventions can influence the operation of an effective bioenergy system. Presents information regarding Renewable Energy Directives and global policies related to energy chains, energy models, market status, and appropriateness of technology selection for different generations of biofuel generation. Covers socio-economic aspects and techno-economic feasibility as well as a detailed Life cycle simulations (LCS)approach, revealing the real constraints being faced in the biofuels sector. Helps bioenergy professionals to prepare a roadmap for day-to-day operations. Describes recent advances such as biohythane, advanced oxidation process, and nanocatalyzed pretreatment for biofuel generation from wastewater. Addresses the most commonly discussed issues in the biofuel sector and the rationales underpinning them. Written for professionals, academic researchers, decision makers, and policymakers in the biofuel sector, this book provides readers with a wide-ranging review of current research and developments in the respective field.

Presents the basic electrical principles, physics, and chemistry involved in the manufacture of electric vehicles. Discusses various battery types, energy efficiency, storage, and more.

Water is the driving force of all nature. This old quote from Leonardo da Vinci reminds us that without water life is simply not possible. As a consequence, water is probably the most important wealth for humanity. In spite of this, drinking water is still polluted by man-made toxicals gathered by waters in soils and the atmosphere. This book presents advanced methods to clean water and air. Chapters also focus on biofuels, greenhouse gases and genetically modified crops.

This book presents the latest advances on the incorporation of sustainability in higher education. Different aspects such as the environmental, economic and social are here discussed. Several examples illustrating how sustainability in higher education is being pursued in different countries can be found in this book. Case studies include institutions from Kosovo, Brazil, Portugal, UK, Canada and USA.

The book presents high-quality papers from the Third International Conference on Microelectronics, Computing & Communication Systems (MCCS 2018). It discusses the latest technological trends and advances in MEMS and nanoelectronics, wireless communications, optical communication, instrumentation, signal processing, image processing, bioengineering, green energy, hybrid vehicles, environmental science, weather forecasting, cloud computing, renewable energy, RFID, CMOS sensors, actuators, transducers, telemetry systems, embedded systems, and sensor network applications. It includes papers based on original theoretical, practical and experimental simulations, development, applications, measurements, and testing. The applications and solutions discussed in the book provide excellent reference material for future product development.

Bionanotechnology towards Green Energy explains the role of bionanotechnology in the next generation technologies of green energy from an interdisciplinary and sustainability perspective. Chapters cover different roles of bionanotechnology such as applications of bio-nano enabled materials/coatings, scaling-up of green energy production, design and synthesis of bio-inspired nanomaterials and their applications, Bio-nanofluids based photovoltaic thermal system, the use of bio-templated and biomimetic materials, and so forth. It focuses on waste-to-energy conversion and fixing intricate environmental issues. Key features: Provides detailed coverage of green energy production through bionanotechnological intervention Reviews future research needs on bionanotechnology in the green energy sector and scientific challenges in the mitigation of energy crisis Deals with cutting-edge research on microbial synergism in biohydrogen production and storage Discusses the fabrication of bio-nano/ hybrid electrode materials for supercapacitors and energy storage devices Includes extensive illustrations, case studies, summary tables, and up-to-date references This book is aimed at researchers and professionals in bionanotechnology, energy sciences, and environmental engineering.

This book gathers selected papers presented at International Conference on Machine Learning, Advances in Computing, Renewable Energy and Communication (MARC 2020), held in Krishna Engineering College, Ghaziabad, India, during December 17-18, 2020. This book discusses key concepts, challenges, and potential solutions in connection with established and emerging topics in advanced computing, renewable energy, and network communications.

This book explores sustainability within manufacturing enterprises and examines the concepts and principles of this field. It also reviews the quantitative and qualitative tools available for analytic assessment. It presents a new framework for sustainable manufacturing requirements and discusses the implementation of sustainable manufacturing in terms of practices, indicators, and sustainability level assessments. The book also details the important conditions necessary for the conversion of existing traditional plants to ones with more sustainable processes. Chapters explore topics including the assessment of economic sustainability, social sustainability, environmental sustainability, sustainable manufacturing practices, and sustainability optimization. Serving as a reference for engineers, managers, and practitioners involved in manufacturing, this book will also be a valuable resource to students and researchers of industrial engineering, manufacturing engineering, systems engineering, and operations management.

Concerns over dwindling fossil fuel reserves and impending climate changes have focused attention worldwide on the need to discover alternative, sustainable energy sources and fuels. Biofuels, already produced on a massive industrial scale, are seen as one answer to these problems. However, very real concerns over the effects of biofuel production on food supplies, with some of ht recent increases in worldwide food costs attributable to biofuel production, have lead to the realization that new, non-food substrates for biofuel production must be bought online. This book is an authoritative, comprehensive, up-to-date review of the various options under development for the production of advanced biofuels as alternative energy sources. A general overview and introductory chapters for each section place the field in the context as well as provide essential basic notions for the more general reader. Accomplished, internationally recognized experts carrying out research on individual focus areas contribute specific technical chapters detailing present progress and future prospects.

The valuable characteristics of animal waste materials in terms of climatic change impact and bioenergy production are discussed in this book. Reutilization of such wastes for bioenergy harvest is the prime focus; the great need for future animal waste recycling is also depicted. Major topics discussed are types of livestock waste – poultry and dairy, methods and management of waste utilization and storage, application of animal waste in bioenergy production, economics of waste utilization, novel disposable techniques, circular bioeconomy, pollution, and water quality. Furthermore, utilization of animal waste for resource conservation and environmental protection is discussed, such as potential materials for green biochemicals. Resource recovery can, therefore, forestall the shortage of natural resources and, at the same time, can greatly reduce waste-disposal problems and energy crises. Many alternatives to waste disposal, either currently available or under study, focus on the recovery of material or energy. In a world of diminishing resources and increasing needs, each opportunity for the recycling of animal waste materials has been examined. This book significantly contributes toward climate change mitigation through better environmental solutions. A better understanding of animal waste recycling to mitigate climate changes has been portrayed in order to generate discussions among researchers and administrators. Environmental implications of animal waste are of prime importance in climate change scenario. Such wastes also harbor zoonotic pathogens that are transported in the environment. Finally, it has been tried out to collect ideas and experience in multiple aspects of animal waste management for climate change mitigation and bioenergy harvest.  

This handbook provides climatological data which can be used as an input for the design of passive solar buildings and solar systems. Solar radiation data are presented for 37 typical European locations, e.g.: -- monthly average global and direct solar irradiation for several surfaces (types of receiver, orientation and inclination), and -- cumulative frequency and utilizability curves of solar irradiance. Ambient temperature data are presented for 186 European locations as monthly average ambient temperatures and monthly degree-days at several base temperatures. A set of methods and algorithms is also given for the reconstitution of these parameters at places where little information is available. Examples of design tools are introduced. The Handbook has been developed within the framework of a European concerted action entitled EUFRAT. Reference is made to a set of computer programmes and data bases which complement the Handbook in a useful way. The Handbook can easily be used by anyone (scientist, engineer, student or even non-specialist) who needs climatic data for the design of systems.

Provides theories and principles of ironmaking and a novel ironmaking technology. Includes laboratory experiments to establish the kinetic feasibility of flash ironmaking. Covers the design and operation of a prototype flash reactor as well as the design of industrial-size flash ironmaking reactors. Describes various cases of flow sheet development, which forms the basis for process analysis and simulation Presents economic analysis case studies.

Provides an overview of the biowaste as a sustainable source in the field of biofuel production Includes effective conversion parameters of the biowaste feedstocks and their classification Summarizes current research into the development and exploitation of new biofuel sources Discusses improvement of pilot scale scalability, and chemical processing and design flow Presents relevant and realistic global explanations on biowaste management techniques for biofuels

Combines catalysis and sensor applications of nanomaterials including detailed synthesis techniques of these materials Explores methods of designing, engineering, and fabricating nanomaterials Covers material efficiency, their detection limit for sensing different analytes and other properties of the materials Discusses sustainability of nano materials in the industrial sector Includes case studies to address the challenges faced by research and development sectors

This volume is a true shelf reference, providing a thorough overview of the entire renewable energy sphere, while still functioning as a go-to information source for professionals and students when they need answers about a specific technical issue. Crafted over the last 15 years into a problem-solving tool for engineers, researchers, consultants and planners currently working in the field, as well as a detailed map of the renewables universe for those looking to expand into new technological specialties, Renewable Energy by Sorensen offers the most comprehensive coverage of the subject available.
The book has been structured around three parts in order to assist readers in focusing on the issues that impact them the most for a given project or question. PART I covers the basic scientific principles behind all major renewable energy resources, such as solar, wind and biomass. PART II provides in-depth information about how these raw renewable sources can actually be converted into useful forms, transmitted into the grid and stored for future utilization. Finally, PART III undertakes the aspects of energy planning, environmental impacts and socio-economic issues on regional and global levels.
In this fourth edition update, new material includes expanded coverage of biofuels, solar conversion, biomass and fuel cells, storage and transmission, and a new chapter on integrated technologies to introduce the hybrid systems now being explored. New surveys and the most recent research findings are included throughout.
*New, thoroughly updated fourth edition of the authoritative field guide to the entire Renewable Energy universe
*The only books to scientific principles and implementation methods, technologies and socio-economics, environmental impacts and cutting-edge advances, all in one volume.
*New material includes expanded coverage of biofuels, solar conversion, biomass and fuel cells, storage and transmission, and a new chapter on integrated systems.

Covers technologies considered to explore, predict, operation and maintenance of renewable energy sources Aids design and use of renewable energy sources including application of artificial intelligence in a real-time environment Includes IoT, Cloud Computing, Big data, Smart Grid and different optimization techniques for resource forecasting, installation, operation, and optimization of energy generation Discusses the principle of integration/hybridization of renewable energy sources along with their optimization based on energy requirement. Reviews concept and challenges involved in the implementation of smart grid.

This book focuses on the technologies developed for the conversion of all three biomass components, i.e. cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and their constituents, to fuels and high-value products. Both biochemical and thermochemical approaches are reviewed. Additionally, the developed technologies are described in detail and their potential applications as well as their commercial status are discussed. The early attempts to produce fuel ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass feedstock focused solely on the biological conversion of cellulose because the only organism that had been used successfully for commercial production of ethanol, i.e. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, could only ferment glucose, which was obtained from the hydrolysis of cellulose. Hemicellulose and lignin were considered as wastes in these processes and were normally removed in pretreatment processes to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of the remaining cellulose. However, this approach was not economically feasible and as a result, the biorefinery concept was developed. In a biorefinery, in addition to ethanol, various higher-value products are produced from hemicellulose and lignin, which were previously not considered. Consequently, technologies were developed for the fractionation of biomass and conversion of hemicellulose and lignin to fuels and high-value products to improve the economic feasibility. Written and edited by a team of investigators with many years of experience in biomass processing research and development, this book is an informative resource for postgraduate students and researchers interested in biorefinery and biofuel technologies both in academia- and commercial laboratories.

This book addresses the diversity of tropical microorganisms and its applications in agriculture, renewable energy production and environmental protection. It covers several tropical habitats such as rain forests, mangroves, sea and river waters and describes how microorganisms isolated from these regions can be used to control insects and plant diseases, to improve sugar cane and biofuels production among other applications. The book also aims to bring researchers' attention to the potential of tropical microorganisms for biotechnological purposes, an area that is still far from being well explored.

This book presents the latest developments and advances in solar desalination technology, including the concept, design, testing, modeling, economics and innovation. The chapters in this volume are contributed by leading international researchers and are based on original research material. The contents of this volume will be of interest to researchers, professionals, and policymakers alike.

This book focuses on carbon dioxide and its global role in our everyday life. Starting with society's dependency on energy, it demonstrates the various sources of carbon dioxide and discusses the putative effects of its accumulation in the atmosphere and its impact on the climate. It then provides an overview of how we can reduce carbon dioxide production and reviews innovative technologies and alternative energy resources. The book closes with a perspective on how carbon dioxide can be utilized reasonably and how mimicking nature can provide us with a solution. Using simple language, this book discusses one of today's biggest challenges for the future of our planet in a way that is understandable for the general public. The authors also provide deep insights into specific issues, making the book a useful resource for researchers and students.

Introduces fundamentals of nanomaterials from renewable resources, including processing and characterization Covers nanomaterials for applications in food and packaging, including nanocellulose, lignin- and chitosan-based nanomaterials, and nanostarch Discusses applications in energy conservation, such as supercapacitors, electrolyte membranes, energy storage devices, and insulation Describes environmental uses such as water remediation and purification and oil spill clean-ups Highlights advantages and challenges in commercialization of green nanoparticle-based materials

Electricity and Energy Transition in Nigeria provides readers with a detailed account of the dynamics of energy infrastructure change in Nigeria's electricity sector. The book starts by introducing the basic theories underpinning the politics of energy infrastructure supply and goes on to explore the historical dimensions of the Nigerian energy transition by highlighting the influences and drivers of energy systems change. Edomah also examines the political dynamics at play, highlighting the political actors and institutions that shape energy supply, as well as the impact of consumer politics. The book concludes by considering how all these factors may influence the future of energy in Nigeria. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of energy transitions, energy technology and infrastructure, and African Studies more generally.

This book examines how current energy and water management processes affect Indigenous communities in North America, with a specific focus on Canada. Currently, there is no known Indigenous community-led strategic environmental assessment (ICSEA) tool for developing community-led solutions for pipeline leak management and energy resiliency. To fill this lacuna, this book draws on expertise from Indigenous Elders, Knowledge-keepers, and leaders representing communities who are highly affected by pipeline leaks. These accounts highlight the importance of providing Indigenous communities with technical information and advice, allowing them to practise community-led disaster management, and giving them direct access to lawyers and decision-makers. If implemented into current policy and practice, these tools would succeed in helping rural Indigenous communities make strategic choices for sustainable energy management and utilize their lands, traditional territories, and natural resources to develop a robust, sustainable energy future. Prioritizing Indigenous perspectives on energy management and governance, this book will be of great interest to students, scholars, and practitioners working in the fields of energy policy and justice, environmental sociology, and Indigenous studies.