7 lectures (of 9), St. Gallen, Zurich, and Dornach, Nov. 6-25, 1917 (CW 178) In the age of the internet and the proliferation of "conspiracy theories," ideas that secret groups are trying to gain control of humanity are no longer rare. But this was not true in 1917 when Rudolf Steiner spoke of such matters in the extraordinary lectures contained in this book. His unique contribution to this controversial topic is not based on abstract theories; it arose from exact research methods that use advanced forms of perception and cognition. Using the firsthand knowledge available to him, Steiner takes us behind the scenes of events in outer history and contemporary culture to reveal a dark world of secret elitist brotherhoods that are attempting to control the masses through the forces of economics, technology, and political assassinations. These hidden groups, he explains, seek power through the use of ritual magic and suggestion. Among many topics, Steiner speaks on these important matters: - The geographic nature of the American continent and the forces that arise from it - The nature of the double (doppelganger) and the dangers of psychoanalysis - The spiritual origin of electromagnetism - Abuse of inoculations and vaccinations - The meaning of Ireland for world development - Confused ideas about angels in connection with higher beings and divinity - Our need for clear insight into world events based on spiritual knowledge Secret Brotherhoods was newly translated for this edition. C O N T E N T S Lecture Summaries Introduction by Terry Boardman 1. Knowledge of the Supersensible and Riddles of the Human Soul (11.15.1917) 2. The Mystery of the Double: Geographic Medicine (11.16.1917) 3. Behind the Scenes of External Events I (11.6.1917) 4. Behind the Scenes of External Events II (11.13.1917) 5. Individual Spirit Beings and the Constant Foundation of the Universe I (11.18.1917) 6. Individual Spirit Beings and the Constant Foundation of the Universe II (11.19.1917) 7. Individual Spirit Beings and the Constant Foundation of the Universe III (11.25.1917) Notes Note Regarding Rudolf Steiner's Lectures Secret Brotherhoods is an English translation of 7 (of 10) lectures from German of Individuelle Geistwesen und ihr Wirken in der Seele des Menschen. Geistige Wesen und Ihre Wirkung Band II (GA 178).

In this highly original text-a collaboration between a college professor, a playwright, and an artist-graphic storytelling offers an emotionally resonant way for readers to understand and engage with feminism and resistance. Issues of gender roles, intersectionality, and privilege are explored in seven beautifully illustrated graphic vignettes. Each vignette highlights unique moments and challenges in the struggle for feminist social justice. Brief background information provides context for the uninitiated, and further readings are suggested for those who would like to learn more. Finally, carefully crafted discussion questions help readers probe the key points in each narrative while connecting specific stories to more general concepts in gender studies and feminist theory.

Despite the persistence of the fraternal form of association in guilds, trade unions, and political associations, as well as in fraternal social organizations, scholars have often ignored its importance as a cultural and social theme. This provocative volume helps to redress that neglect. Tracing the development of fraternalism from early modern western Europe through eighteenth-century Britain to nineteenth-century America, Mary Ann Clawson shows how white males came to use fraternal organizations to resolve troubling questions about relations between the sexes and between classes: American fraternalism in the 1800s created bonds of loyalty across class lines and made gender and race primary categories of collective identity.

British men had symbolically become stone masons to express their commitment to the emerging market economy and to the social value of craft labor. Clawson points out that American fraternalism fulfilled similar purposes, as fraternal organizations reconciled individualism and mutuality for many who were discomfited by the conflict of egalitarian principles and capitalist industrial development. Fraternalism's extraordinary appeal rested also on the assertion of masculine solidarity in the face of feminine claims to moral leadership. Nevertheless, visions of solidarity were contradicted when fraternal organizations became increasingly entrepreneurial, seeking to maximize their own growth through systematic marketing of membership.

Originally published in 1989.

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