Machine Learning and Models for Optimization in Cloud's main aim is to meet the user requirement with high quality of service, least time for computation and high reliability. With increase in services migrating over cloud providers, the load over the cloud increases resulting in fault and various security failure in the system results in decreasing reliability. To fulfill this requirement cloud system uses intelligent metaheuristic and prediction algorithm to provide resources to the user in an efficient manner to manage the performance of the system and plan for upcoming requests. Intelligent algorithm helps the system to predict and find a suitable resource for a cloud environment in real time with least computational complexity taking into mind the system performance in under loaded and over loaded condition. This book discusses the future improvements and possible intelligent optimization models using artificial intelligence, deep learning techniques and other hybrid models to improve the performance of cloud. Various methods to enhance the directivity of cloud services have been presented which would enable cloud to provide better services, performance and quality of service to user. It talks about the next generation intelligent optimization and fault model to improve security and reliability of cloud. Key Features * Comprehensive introduction to cloud architecture and its service models. * Vulnerability and issues in cloud SAAS, PAAS and IAAS * Fundamental issues related to optimizing the performance in Cloud Computing using meta-heuristic, AI and ML models * Detailed study of optimization techniques, and fault management techniques in multi layered cloud. * Methods to improve reliability and fault in cloud using nature inspired algorithms and artificial neural network. * Advanced study of algorithms using artificial intelligence for optimization in cloud * Method for power efficient virtual machine placement using neural network in cloud * Method for task scheduling using metaheuristic algorithms. * A study of machine learning and deep learning inspired resource allocation algorithm for cloud in fault aware environment. This book aims to create a research interest & motivation for graduates degree or post-graduates. It aims to present a study on optimization algorithms in cloud for researchers to provide them with a glimpse of future of cloud computing in the era of artificial intelligence.

Covers different modalities for improvement of healthcare system Describes implementation strategies and their applications in diagnosis of modalities Reviews automatic identification of related disorders using medical modality Discusses bio-potential signals and their appropriate analysis for studying different disorders Includes case studies, real-time examples and research directions

Designing and controlling complex shapes like porous volumes and rough surfaces is a challenge. Fractal geometry is an interesting approach which considerably simplify the problem. Even though underlying concepts reduce the set possible shapes, they generate a surprising variety of shapes. In this book we present a formalism to design such complex objects for geometric aided geometry design applications. The goal of this formalism is to provide to the end user the possibility to manipulate fractal objects as a standard euclidean object with standard tools of CAD system. This formalism encompass curves, surfaces, volumes, as well as NURBS and subdivision surfaces. All theoretical and practical aspects are developed, from the design up to 3D printing.

The aim of the book is to provide engineers with a practical guide to Finite Element Modelling (FEM) in Abaqus CAE software. The guide is in the form of step-by-step procedures concerning yarns, woven fabric and knitted fabrics modelling, as well as their contact with skin so that the simulation of haptic perception between textiles and skin can be provided. The specific modelling procedure will be proceeded by a theoretical background concerning mechanical characteristics of the modelled elements or phenomena. Models will be validated and discussed. In addition, virtual object tests results will be presented and compared to the outcome of the modelling process.

This book describes capacity building in strategic and non-strategic machine tool technology. It includes machine building in sectors such as machine tools, automobiles, home appliances, energy, and biomedical engineering, along with case studies. The book offers guidelines for capacity building in academia, covering how to promote enterprises of functional reverse engineering enterprises. It also discusses machine tool development, engineering design, prototyping of strategic, and non-strategies machine tools, as well as presenting communication strategies and IoT, along with case studies. Professionals from the CNC (Computer Numeric Control) machine tools industry, industrial and manufacturing engineers, and students and faculty in engineering disciplines will find interest in this book.

The purpose of this book is to develop capacity building in strategic and non-strategic machine tool technology. The book contains chapters on how to functionally reverse engineer strategic and non-strategic computer numerical control machinery. Numerous engineering areas, such as mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, control engineering, and computer hardware and software engineering, are covered. The book offers guidelines and covers design for machine tools, prototyping, augmented reality for machine tools, modern communication strategies, and enterprises of functional reverse engineering, along with case studies. Features Presents capacity building in machine tool development Discusses engineering design for machine tools Covers prototyping of strategic and non-strategic machine tools Illustrates augmented reality for machine tools Includes Internet of Things (IoT) for machine tools

Old age is currently the greatest risk factor for developing dementia. Since older people make up a larger portion of the population than ever before, the resulting increase in the incidence of dementia presents a major challenge for society. Dementia is complex and multifaceted and impacts not only the person with the diagnosis but also those caring for them and society as a whole. Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) design and development are pivotal in enabling people with dementia to live well and be supported in the communities around them. HCI is increasingly addressing the need for inclusivity and accessibility in the design and development of new technologies, interfaces, systems, services, and tools. Using interdisciplinary approaches HCI engages with the complexities and 'messiness' of real-world design spaces to provide novel perspectives and new ways of addressing the challenge of dementia and multi-stakeholder needs. HCI and Design in the Context of Dementia brings together the work of international experts, designers and researchers working across disciplines. It provides methodologies, methods and frameworks, approaches to participatory engagement and case studies showing how technology can impact the lives of people living with dementia and those around them. It includes examples of how to conduct dementia research and design in-context in the field of HCI, ethically and effectively and how these issues transcend the design space of dementia to inform HCI design and technology development more broadly. The book is valuable for and aimed at designers, researchers, scholars and caregivers that work with vulnerable groups like people with dementia, and those directly impacted.

There have been substantial developments in meshfree methods, particle methods, and generalized finite element methods since the mid 1990s. The growing interest in these methods is in part due to the fact that they offer extremely flexible numerical tools and can be interpreted in a number of ways. For instance, meshfree methods can be viewed as a natural extension of classical finite element and finite difference methods to scattered node configurations with no fixed connectivity. Furthermore, meshfree methods have a number of advantageous features that are especially attractive when dealing with multiscale phenomena: A-priori knowledge about the solution's particular local behavior can easily be introduced into the meshfree approximation space, and coarse scale approximations can be seamlessly refined by adding fine scale information. However, the implementation of meshfree methods and their parallelization also requires special attention, for instance with respect to numerical integration.

This book gives Abaqus users who make use of finite-element models in academic or practitioner-based research the in-depth program knowledge that allows them to debug a structural analysis model. The book provides many methods and guidelines for different analysis types and modes, that will help readers to solve problems that can arise with Abaqus if a structural model fails to converge to a solution. The use of Abaqus affords a general checklist approach to debugging analysis models, which can also be applied to structural analysis. The author uses step-by-step methods and detailed explanations of special features in order to identify the solutions to a variety of problems with finite-element models. The book promotes: * a diagnostic mode of thinking concerning error messages; * better material definition and the writing of user material subroutines; * work with the Abaqus mesher and best practice in doing so; * the writing of user element subroutines and contact features with convergence issues; and * consideration of hardware and software issues and a Windows HPC cluster solution. The methods and information provided facilitate job diagnostics and help to obtain converged solutions for finite-element models regarding structural component assemblies in static or dynamic analysis. The troubleshooting advice ensures that these solutions are both high-quality and cost-effective according to practical experience. The book offers an in-depth guide for students learning about Abaqus, as each problem and solution are complemented by examples and straightforward explanations. It is also useful for academics and structural engineers wishing to debug Abaqus models on the basis of error and warning messages that arise during finite-element modelling processing.

All over the world, vast research is in progress on the domain of Industry 4.0 and related techniques. Industry 4.0 is expected to have a very high impact on labor markets, global value chains, education, health, environment, and many social economic aspects. Industry 4.0 Interoperability, Analytics, Security, and Case Studies provides a deeper understanding of the drivers and enablers of Industry 4.0. It includes real case studies of various applications related to different fields, such as cyber physical systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, machine learning, virtualization, decentralization, blockchain, fog computing, and many other related areas. Also discussed are interoperability, design, and implementation challenges. Researchers, academicians, and those working in industry around the globe will find this book of interest. FEATURES Provides an understanding of the drivers and enablers of Industry 4.0 Includes real case studies of various applications for different fields Discusses technologies such as cyber physical systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, machine learning, virtualization, decentralization, blockchain, fog computing, and many other related areas Covers design, implementation challenges, and interoperability Offers detailed knowledge on Industry 4.0 and its underlying technologies, research challenges, solutions, and case studies

Metaheuristic optimization is a higher-level procedure or heuristic designed to find, generate, or select a heuristic (partial search algorithm) that may provide a sufficiently good solution to an optimization problem, especially with incomplete or imperfect information or limited computation capacity. This is usually applied when two or more objectives are to be optimized simultaneously. This book is presented with two major objectives. Firstly, it features chapters by eminent researchers in the field providing the readers about the current status of the subject. Secondly, algorithm-based optimization or advanced optimization techniques, which are applied to mostly non-engineering problems, are applied to engineering problems. This book will also serve as an aid to both research and industry. Usage of these methodologies would enable the improvement in engineering and manufacturing technology and support an organization in this era of low product life cycle. Features: Covers the application of recent and new algorithms Focuses on the development aspects such as including surrogate modeling, parallelization, game theory, and hybridization Presents the advances of engineering applications for both single-objective and multi-objective optimization problems Offers recent developments from a variety of engineering fields Discusses Optimization using Evolutionary Algorithms and Metaheuristics applications in engineering

Simulation of computer architectures has made rapid progress recently. The primary application areas are hardware/software performance estimation and optimization as well as functional and timing verification. Recent, innovative technologies such as retargetable simulator generation, dynamic binary translation, or sampling simulation have enabled widespread use of processor and system-on-chip (SoC) simulation tools in the semiconductor and embedded system industries. Simultaneously, processor and SoC simulation is still a very active research area, e.g. what amounts to higher simulation speed, flexibility, and accuracy/speed trade-offs. This book presents and discusses the principle technologies and state-of-the-art in high-level hardware architecture simulation, both at the processor and the system-on-chip level.

"Design Engineering for Industry 4.0 (DE4.0) represents the 'human-cyber-physical view of the systems realization ecosystem "that is necessary to accommodate the drivers of Industry 4.0 (IoX) and provide an open ecosystem for the realization of complex systems. Seamless integration of digital threads and digital twins throughout the product design, the development and fulfillment lifecycle; the ability to accommodate diverse and rapidly changing technologies; and the mechanisms to facilitate the creation of new opportunities for the design of products, processes, services, and systems are some of the desired characteristics of DE4.0." Jiao, R., Commuri, S. Panchal, J., Milisavljevic-Syed, J, Allen, J.K., Mistree, F. and Schaefer, D., "Design Engineering in the Age of Industry 4.0," ASME Journal of Mechanical Design, 143(7), 070801, 25 pages. In keeping with the Design Engineering 4.0 construct the authors describe architecting a computer platform to support human designers make decisions associated with the realization of complex engineered systems. The platform is designed to facilitate end-to-end digital integration, customization and personalization, agile collaboration networks, open innovation, co-creation and crowdsourcing, product servitization and anything-as-a-service. Recognizing that simulation models are abstractions of reality the authors opt for a satisficing strategy instead of an optimization strategy. They include fundamentals and then describe tools for architecting a knowledge-based platforms for decision support. Challenges associated with developing a computational platform for decision support for the realization of complex engineered systems in the context of Design Engineering 4.0 are identified. Constructs for formulating design decisions (e.g., selection, compromise, and coupled decisions), knowledge modelling schemes (e.g., ontologies and modular templates), diagrams for designing decision workflows (e.g., the PEI-X diagram), and some analytical methods for robust design under uncertainty are presented. The authors describe integrating the knowledge-based platform to architect a cloud-based platform for decision support promoting co-design and cloud-based design communication essential for mass collaboration and open innovation for Design Engineering 4.0. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, design engineers, and others working on pushing the boundary of digitized manufacturing to include Design Engineering 4.0 principles in designing products, processes, and services.

The textbook provides both beginner and experienced CAD users with the math behind the CAD. The geometry tools introduced here help the reader exploit commercial CAD software to its fullest extent. In fact, the book enables the reader to go beyond what CAD software packages offer in their menus. Chapter 1 summarizes the basic Linear and Vector Algebra pertinent to vectors in 3D, with some novelties: the 2D form of the vector product and the manipulation of "larger" matrices and vectors by means of block-partitioning of larger arrays. In chapter 2 the relations among points, lines and curves in the plane are revised accordingly; the difference between curves representing functions and their geometric counterparts is emphasized. Geometric objects in 3D, namely, points, planes, lines and surfaces are the subject of chapter 3; of the latter, only quadrics are studied, to keep the discussion at an elementary level, but the interested reader is guided to the literature on splines. The concept of affine transformations, at the core of CAD software, is introduced in chapter 4, which includes applications of these transformations to the synthesis of curves and surfaces that would be extremely cumbersome to produce otherwise. The book, catering to various disciplines such as engineering, graphic design, animation and architecture, is kept discipline-independent, while including examples of interest to the various disciplines. Furthermore, the book can be an invaluable complement to undergraduate lectures on CAD.

The purpose of this book is to introduce the reader to 3D CAD/CAM modelling using Creo (TM) Parametric (Creo) software. This concise textbook consists of ten lessons covering the basics in Part and Assembly Modelling, Mould Design, NC Simulation, and Engineering Drawings. Each lesson provides essential knowledge and guides the user through the process of performing a practical exercise or task. The modelling philosophy, implementation of corresponding features, and commands behind each exercise are explained and presented in a step-by-step manner. The material is richly illustrated with screenshots and icons from the software interface to facilitate the learning process.Suitable for beginners and intermediate users, CAD/CAM with Creo Parametric enables the reader to make a quick start in learning how to use complex 3D CAD/CAM software such as Creo in engineering design and manufacturing. The aim is to develop an understanding of the main modelling principles and software tools as a basis for independent learning and solving more complex engineering problems.

The purpose of this book is to introduce the reader to 3D CAD/CAM modelling using Creo (TM) Parametric (Creo) software. This concise textbook consists of ten lessons covering the basics in Part and Assembly Modelling, Mould Design, NC Simulation, and Engineering Drawings. Each lesson provides essential knowledge and guides the user through the process of performing a practical exercise or task. The modelling philosophy, implementation of corresponding features, and commands behind each exercise are explained and presented in a step-by-step manner. The material is richly illustrated with screenshots and icons from the software interface to facilitate the learning process.Suitable for beginners and intermediate users, CAD/CAM with Creo Parametric enables the reader to make a quick start in learning how to use complex 3D CAD/CAM software such as Creo in engineering design and manufacturing. The aim is to develop an understanding of the main modelling principles and software tools as a basis for independent learning and solving more complex engineering problems.

This book describes the current state of the art for simulating paint shop applications, their advantages and limitations, as well as corresponding high-performance computing (HPC) methods utilized in this domain. The authors provide a comprehensive introduction to fluid simulations, corresponding optimization methods from the HPC domain, as well as industrial paint shop applications. They showcase how the complexity of these applications bring corresponding fluid simulation methods to their limits and how these shortcomings can be overcome by employing HPC methods. To that end, this book covers various optimization techniques for three individual fluid simulation techniques, namely grid-based methods, volumetric decomposition methods, and particle-based methods.

This book provides an introduction to human visual perception suitable for readers studying or working in the fields of computer graphics and visualization, cognitive science, and visual neuroscience. It focuses on how computer graphics images are generated, rather than solely on the organization of the visual system itself; therefore, the text provides a more direct tie between image generation and the resulting perceptual phenomena. It covers such topics as the perception of material properties, illumination, the perception of pictorial space, image statistics, perception and action, and spatial cognition.

The "Tra?c and Granular Flow '07" conference was the seventh of a series of international conferences that started in 1995 in Julic .. h (Germany). Since then, the conference took place in Duisburg (1997), Stuttgart (1999), Nagoya (2001), Delft (2003) and Berlin (2005). The aim of TGF conferences is to facilitate the exchanges between various ?elds dealing with transport. When the conference was created, the ?elds that were represented were road tra?c and granular ?ow - hence the name of the series. Since then, the scope of the conference has been enlarged to include in particular collective motion in biology (molecular motors), a subject which turns out to have many connections with the two original ones. Transversal themes have emerged. For TGF07, a session was speci?cally devoted to the subject of networks. An important theme is also the one of self-propelled particles. It ranges from granular ?ows with anisotropic grains, to collective motion of animals, and to pedestrian tra?c. We were very happy to organize the 2007 occurrence of TGF in Orsay (France), at the University Paris-Sud. The conference was organized mainly by the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics (LPT), with the help of the Labo- tory FAST (Fluides, Automatique et Syst' emes Thermiques) - these two la- ratories are both associated to the CNRS (Centre National pour la Recherche Scienti?que) - and of the GARIG Group at INRETS.

This book contains selected papers from International Symposium for Production Research 2021, held on October 7-9, 2021, online, Turkey. The book reports recent advances in production engineering and operations. It explores topics including production research; production management; operations management; industry 4.0; industrial engineering; mechanical engineering; engineering management; and operational research. Presenting real-life applications, case studies, and mathematical models, this book is of interest to researchers, academics, and practitioners in the field of production and operation engineering. It provides both the results of recent research and practical solutions to real-world problems.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM, commonly referred to as diabetes, is a metabolic disorder in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Lack of sufficient insulin causes presence of excess sugar levels in the blood. As a result the glucose levels in diabetic patients are more than normal ones. It has symptoms like frequent urination, increased hunger, increase thirst and high blood sugar. There are mainly three types of diabetes namely type-1, type-2 and gestational diabetes. Type-1 DM occurs due to immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the beta-cells and Type-2 DM occurs due to insulin resistance. Gestational DM occurs in women during pregnancy due to insulin blocking by pregnancy harmones. Among these three types of DM, type-2 DM is more prevalence, and impacting so many millions of people across the world. Classification and predictive systems are actually reliable in the health care sector to explore hidden patterns in the patients data. These systems aid, medical professionals to enhance their diagnosis, prognosis along with remedy organizing techniques. The less percentage of improvement in classifier predictive accuracy is very important for medical diagnosis purposes where mistakes can cause a lot of damage to patient's life. Hence, we need a more accurate classification system for prediction of type-2 DM. Although, most of the above classification algorithms are efficient, they failed to provide good accuracy with low computational cost. In this book, we proposed various classification algorithms using soft computing techniques like Neural Networks (NNs), Fuzzy Systems (FS) and Swarm Intelligence (SI). The experimental results demonstrate that these algorithms are able to produce high classification accuracy at less computational cost. The contributions presented in this book shall attempt to address the following objectives using soft computing approaches for identification of diabetes mellitus. Introuducing an optimized RBFN model called Opt-RBFN. Designing a cost effective rule miner called SM-RuleMiner for type-2 diabetes diagnosis. Generating more interpretable fuzzy rules for accurate diagnosis of type2 diabetes using RST-BatMiner. Developing accurate cascade ensemble frameworks called Diabetes-Network for type-2 diabetes diagnosis. Proposing a Multi-level ensemble framework called Dia-Net for improving the classification accuracy of type-2 diabetes diagnosis. Designing an Intelligent Diabetes Risk score Model called Intelli-DRM estimate the severity of Diabetes mellitus. This book serves as a reference book for scientific investigators who need to analyze disease data and/or numerical data, as well as researchers developing methodology in soft computing field. It may also be used as a textbook for a graduate and post graduate level course in machine learning or soft computing.

This book introduces the basic structure, modeling methods, numerical calculation processes, post-processing, and system functions of MatDEM, which applies the basic principles and algorithm of the discrete element method. The discrete element method can effectively simulate the discontinuity, inhomogeneity, and large deformation damage of rock and soil. It is widely used in both research and industry. Based on the innovative matrix discrete element computing method, the author developed the high-performance discrete element software MatDEM from scratch, which can handle millions of elements in discrete element numerical simulations. This book also presents several examples of applications in geological and geotechnical engineering, including basic geotechnical engineering problems, discrete element tests, three dimensional landslides, and dynamic and multi-field coupling functions. Teaching videos and the relevant software can be accessed on the MATDEM website (http://matdem.com). The book serves as a useful reference for research and engineering staff, undergraduates, and postgraduates who work in the fields of geology, geotechnical, water conservancy, civil engineering, mining, and physics.

This book will help you take full advantage of the Visual Basic for Applications programming environment within AutoCAD 2006. Whether you want to automate routine tasks, or create sophisticated applications or design that can be generated programmatically, this book will empower you to make AutoCAD work for you.

This book is also suitable if you're a power user who wants to make use of the advanced features of AutoCAD 2006 VBA, and you need a fast reference for the full AutoCAD object model. You'll learn to run Autodesk design tasks in the embedded VBA environment. This book is loaded with source code examples, and gives you no matter your skill level the necessary tools to accomplish your AutoCAD 2006 automation tasks.

If controversies were to arise, there would be no more need of disputation between two philosophers than between two accountants. For it would su?ce to take their pencils in their hands, and say to each other: 'Let us calculate'. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) Dissertio de Arte Combinatoria (Leipzig, 1666) GottfriedWilhelm Leibniz, oneofthe greatestmathematicians, discussedcalculi ofthoughts. Onlymuchlater, did it becomeevidentthat newtools arenecessary for developing such calculi, e. g., due to the necessity of reasoning under unc- tainty about objects and (vague) concepts. Fuzzy set theory (Lot? A. Zadeh, 1965) and rough set theory (Zdzisla w Pawlak, 1982) represent two di?erent - proaches to vagueness. Fuzzy set theory addresses gradualness of knowledge, expressed by the fuzzy membership, whereas rough set theory addresses gra- larity of knowledge, expressed by the indiscernibility relation. Granular comp- ing (Zadeh,1973,1998)iscurrentlyregardedasa uni?edframeworkfor theories, methodologies and techniques for modeling calculi of thoughts, based on objects called granules. The book "Rough-Granular Computing in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining" written by ProfessorJaroslawStepaniuk is dedicated to methods based on a combination of the following three closely related and rapidly growing - eas: granular computing, rough sets, and knowledge discovery and data mining (KDD). In the book, the KDD foundations based on the rough set approach and granular computing are discussed together with illustrative applications. In searching for relevant patterns or in inducing (constructing) classi?ers in KDD, di?erent kinds of granulesaremodeled. In this modeling process, granulescalled approximation spaces play a special rule.

Large-Scale 3D Data Integration: Challenges and Opportunities examines the fundamental aspects of 3D geo-information, focusing on the latest developments in 3D GIS (geographic information) and AEC (architecture, engineering, construction) systems. This book addresses policy makers, designers and engineers, and individuals that need to overcome obstacles in integrating modeling perspectives and data. Organized into four major parts, the book begins by presenting a historical overview of the issues involved in integrating GIS and AEC. Part II then focuses on the data issue from several viewpoints: data collection; database structures and representation; database management; and visualization. Part III covers the areas of semantics, ontology, and standardization from a theoretical perspective and details many of the best examples of this approach in developing real-world applications. The book concludes with contributions that focus on recent advances in virtual geographic environments and alternative modeling schemes for the potential AEC/GIS interface.