Systems to support the continuously shrinking product development cycles and the increasing quality requirements need significant enhancements and new approaches.
In this book important new tools and algorithms for future product modeling systems are presented. It is based on a seminar at the International Conference and Research Center for Computer Science, Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany, presented by internationally recognised experts in CAD technology."

Blockchain technology has been penetrating every aspect of Information and Communications Technology (ICT), and its use has been growing rapidly in recent years. The interest and development of this technology has primarily been driven by the enormous value growth of cryptocurrencies and large investments of venture capital in blockchain start-ups. Blockchain for Smart Systems: Computing Technologies and Applications is intended to clarify and define, in simple terms, the technology behind blockchain. It provides a deep dive into the core fundamentals of blockchain: hashing algorithm behind each block, distributed technology, smart contracts, and private vs. public blockchain. Features Discusses fundamental theories of practical and sophisticated applications of blockchain technology Includes case studies Discusses the concepts with illustrations, appropriate figures, tables, and simple language This book is primarily aimed at undergraduates, graduates, research scholars, academicians, and industry and technology enthusiasts working in various aspects of blockchain technology.

Strongly updated to teach the geometric principles underlying both CAD and conventional drawing For students on vocational courses in Technical Product Design, and undergraduates studying mechanical engineering and industrial engineering The only book at its level written to ISO standards and with all exercises given in the metric system

Machine Learning and Models for Optimization in Cloud's main aim is to meet the user requirement with high quality of service, least time for computation and high reliability. With increase in services migrating over cloud providers, the load over the cloud increases resulting in fault and various security failure in the system results in decreasing reliability. To fulfill this requirement cloud system uses intelligent metaheuristic and prediction algorithm to provide resources to the user in an efficient manner to manage the performance of the system and plan for upcoming requests. Intelligent algorithm helps the system to predict and find a suitable resource for a cloud environment in real time with least computational complexity taking into mind the system performance in under loaded and over loaded condition. This book discusses the future improvements and possible intelligent optimization models using artificial intelligence, deep learning techniques and other hybrid models to improve the performance of cloud. Various methods to enhance the directivity of cloud services have been presented which would enable cloud to provide better services, performance and quality of service to user. It talks about the next generation intelligent optimization and fault model to improve security and reliability of cloud. Key Features * Comprehensive introduction to cloud architecture and its service models. * Vulnerability and issues in cloud SAAS, PAAS and IAAS * Fundamental issues related to optimizing the performance in Cloud Computing using meta-heuristic, AI and ML models * Detailed study of optimization techniques, and fault management techniques in multi layered cloud. * Methods to improve reliability and fault in cloud using nature inspired algorithms and artificial neural network. * Advanced study of algorithms using artificial intelligence for optimization in cloud * Method for power efficient virtual machine placement using neural network in cloud * Method for task scheduling using metaheuristic algorithms. * A study of machine learning and deep learning inspired resource allocation algorithm for cloud in fault aware environment. This book aims to create a research interest & motivation for graduates degree or post-graduates. It aims to present a study on optimization algorithms in cloud for researchers to provide them with a glimpse of future of cloud computing in the era of artificial intelligence.

Old age is currently the greatest risk factor for developing dementia. Since older people make up a larger portion of the population than ever before, the resulting increase in the incidence of dementia presents a major challenge for society. Dementia is complex and multifaceted and impacts not only the person with the diagnosis but also those caring for them and society as a whole. Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) design and development are pivotal in enabling people with dementia to live well and be supported in the communities around them. HCI is increasingly addressing the need for inclusivity and accessibility in the design and development of new technologies, interfaces, systems, services, and tools. Using interdisciplinary approaches HCI engages with the complexities and 'messiness' of real-world design spaces to provide novel perspectives and new ways of addressing the challenge of dementia and multi-stakeholder needs. HCI and Design in the Context of Dementia brings together the work of international experts, designers and researchers working across disciplines. It provides methodologies, methods and frameworks, approaches to participatory engagement and case studies showing how technology can impact the lives of people living with dementia and those around them. It includes examples of how to conduct dementia research and design in-context in the field of HCI, ethically and effectively and how these issues transcend the design space of dementia to inform HCI design and technology development more broadly. The book is valuable for and aimed at designers, researchers, scholars and caregivers that work with vulnerable groups like people with dementia, and those directly impacted.

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness globally. Early detection and treatment can prevent its progression to avoid total blindness. This book discusses and reviews current approaches for detection and examines new approaches for diagnosing glaucoma using CAD system. Computer-Aided Glaucoma Diagnosis System, Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction of the disease and current methodology used to diagnose it today. Chapter 2 presents a review of the medical background of the disease, followed by a theoretical and mathematical background used in fundus image processing. Chapter 3 is a literature review about segmentation and feature extraction. Chapter 4 describes the formulation of the proposed methodology. In Chapter 5, the results of optic disc and optic cup segmentation algorithm are presented, the feature extraction and selection method, experimental results and performance evaluations of the classifier are given. Chapter 6 presents the conclusions and discussion of the future potential for the diagnostic system. This book is intended for biomedical engineers, computer science students, ophthalmologists and radiologists looking to develop a reliable automated computer-aided diagnosis system (CAD) for detecting glaucoma and improve diagnosis of the disease. Key Features Discusses a reliable automated computer-aided diagnosis system (CAD) for detecting glaucoma and presents an algorithm that detects optic disc and optic cup Assists ophthalmologists and researchers to test a new diagnostic method that reduces the effort and time of the doctors and cost to the patients Discusses techniques to reduce human error and minimize the miss detection rate and facilitate early diagnosis and treatment Presents algorithms to detect cup and disc color, shape features and RNFL texture features Dr. Arwa Ahmed Gasm Elseid is an assistant professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan. Dr. Alnazier Osman Mohammed Hamza is professor of Medical Imaging, College of Engineering, Sudan University of Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.

This book gives Abaqus users who make use of finite-element models in academic or practitioner-based research the in-depth program knowledge that allows them to debug a structural analysis model. The book provides many methods and guidelines for different analysis types and modes, that will help readers to solve problems that can arise with Abaqus if a structural model fails to converge to a solution. The use of Abaqus affords a general checklist approach to debugging analysis models, which can also be applied to structural analysis. The author uses step-by-step methods and detailed explanations of special features in order to identify the solutions to a variety of problems with finite-element models. The book promotes: * a diagnostic mode of thinking concerning error messages; * better material definition and the writing of user material subroutines; * work with the Abaqus mesher and best practice in doing so; * the writing of user element subroutines and contact features with convergence issues; and * consideration of hardware and software issues and a Windows HPC cluster solution. The methods and information provided facilitate job diagnostics and help to obtain converged solutions for finite-element models regarding structural component assemblies in static or dynamic analysis. The troubleshooting advice ensures that these solutions are both high-quality and cost-effective according to practical experience. The book offers an in-depth guide for students learning about Abaqus, as each problem and solution are complemented by examples and straightforward explanations. It is also useful for academics and structural engineers wishing to debug Abaqus models on the basis of error and warning messages that arise during finite-element modelling processing.

There have been substantial developments in meshfree methods, particle methods, and generalized finite element methods since the mid 1990s. The growing interest in these methods is in part due to the fact that they offer extremely flexible numerical tools and can be interpreted in a number of ways. For instance, meshfree methods can be viewed as a natural extension of classical finite element and finite difference methods to scattered node configurations with no fixed connectivity. Furthermore, meshfree methods have a number of advantageous features that are especially attractive when dealing with multiscale phenomena: A-priori knowledge about the solution's particular local behavior can easily be introduced into the meshfree approximation space, and coarse scale approximations can be seamlessly refined by adding fine scale information. However, the implementation of meshfree methods and their parallelization also requires special attention, for instance with respect to numerical integration.

The purpose of this book is to develop capacity building in strategic and non-strategic machine tool technology. The book contains chapters on how to functionally reverse engineer strategic and non-strategic computer numerical control machinery. Numerous engineering areas, such as mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, control engineering, and computer hardware and software engineering, are covered. The book offers guidelines and covers design for machine tools, prototyping, augmented reality for machine tools, modern communication strategies, and enterprises of functional reverse engineering, along with case studies. Features Presents capacity building in machine tool development Discusses engineering design for machine tools Covers prototyping of strategic and non-strategic machine tools Illustrates augmented reality for machine tools Includes Internet of Things (IoT) for machine tools

Simulation of computer architectures has made rapid progress recently. The primary application areas are hardware/software performance estimation and optimization as well as functional and timing verification. Recent, innovative technologies such as retargetable simulator generation, dynamic binary translation, or sampling simulation have enabled widespread use of processor and system-on-chip (SoC) simulation tools in the semiconductor and embedded system industries. Simultaneously, processor and SoC simulation is still a very active research area, e.g. what amounts to higher simulation speed, flexibility, and accuracy/speed trade-offs. This book presents and discusses the principle technologies and state-of-the-art in high-level hardware architecture simulation, both at the processor and the system-on-chip level.

Covers different modalities for improvement of healthcare system Describes implementation strategies and their applications in diagnosis of modalities Reviews automatic identification of related disorders using medical modality Discusses bio-potential signals and their appropriate analysis for studying different disorders Includes case studies, real-time examples and research directions

The aim of the book is to provide engineers with a practical guide to Finite Element Modelling (FEM) in Abaqus CAE software. The guide is in the form of step-by-step procedures concerning yarns, woven fabric and knitted fabrics modelling, as well as their contact with skin so that the simulation of haptic perception between textiles and skin can be provided. The specific modelling procedure will be proceeded by a theoretical background concerning mechanical characteristics of the modelled elements or phenomena. Models will be validated and discussed. In addition, virtual object tests results will be presented and compared to the outcome of the modelling process.

This book describes capacity building in strategic and non-strategic machine tool technology. It includes machine building in sectors such as machine tools, automobiles, home appliances, energy, and biomedical engineering, along with case studies. The book offers guidelines for capacity building in academia, covering how to promote enterprises of functional reverse engineering enterprises. It also discusses machine tool development, engineering design, prototyping of strategic, and non-strategies machine tools, as well as presenting communication strategies and IoT, along with case studies. Professionals from the CNC (Computer Numeric Control) machine tools industry, industrial and manufacturing engineers, and students and faculty in engineering disciplines will find interest in this book.

The purpose of this book is to introduce the reader to 3D CAD/CAM modelling using Creo (TM) Parametric (Creo) software. This concise textbook consists of ten lessons covering the basics in Part and Assembly Modelling, Mould Design, NC Simulation, and Engineering Drawings. Each lesson provides essential knowledge and guides the user through the process of performing a practical exercise or task. The modelling philosophy, implementation of corresponding features, and commands behind each exercise are explained and presented in a step-by-step manner. The material is richly illustrated with screenshots and icons from the software interface to facilitate the learning process.Suitable for beginners and intermediate users, CAD/CAM with Creo Parametric enables the reader to make a quick start in learning how to use complex 3D CAD/CAM software such as Creo in engineering design and manufacturing. The aim is to develop an understanding of the main modelling principles and software tools as a basis for independent learning and solving more complex engineering problems.

The purpose of this book is to introduce the reader to 3D CAD/CAM modelling using Creo (TM) Parametric (Creo) software. This concise textbook consists of ten lessons covering the basics in Part and Assembly Modelling, Mould Design, NC Simulation, and Engineering Drawings. Each lesson provides essential knowledge and guides the user through the process of performing a practical exercise or task. The modelling philosophy, implementation of corresponding features, and commands behind each exercise are explained and presented in a step-by-step manner. The material is richly illustrated with screenshots and icons from the software interface to facilitate the learning process.Suitable for beginners and intermediate users, CAD/CAM with Creo Parametric enables the reader to make a quick start in learning how to use complex 3D CAD/CAM software such as Creo in engineering design and manufacturing. The aim is to develop an understanding of the main modelling principles and software tools as a basis for independent learning and solving more complex engineering problems.

This book describes the current state of the art for simulating paint shop applications, their advantages and limitations, as well as corresponding high-performance computing (HPC) methods utilized in this domain. The authors provide a comprehensive introduction to fluid simulations, corresponding optimization methods from the HPC domain, as well as industrial paint shop applications. They showcase how the complexity of these applications bring corresponding fluid simulation methods to their limits and how these shortcomings can be overcome by employing HPC methods. To that end, this book covers various optimization techniques for three individual fluid simulation techniques, namely grid-based methods, volumetric decomposition methods, and particle-based methods.

"Design Engineering for Industry 4.0 (DE4.0) represents the 'human-cyber-physical view of the systems realization ecosystem "that is necessary to accommodate the drivers of Industry 4.0 (IoX) and provide an open ecosystem for the realization of complex systems. Seamless integration of digital threads and digital twins throughout the product design, the development and fulfillment lifecycle; the ability to accommodate diverse and rapidly changing technologies; and the mechanisms to facilitate the creation of new opportunities for the design of products, processes, services, and systems are some of the desired characteristics of DE4.0." Jiao, R., Commuri, S. Panchal, J., Milisavljevic-Syed, J, Allen, J.K., Mistree, F. and Schaefer, D., "Design Engineering in the Age of Industry 4.0," ASME Journal of Mechanical Design, 143(7), 070801, 25 pages. In keeping with the Design Engineering 4.0 construct the authors describe architecting a computer platform to support human designers make decisions associated with the realization of complex engineered systems. The platform is designed to facilitate end-to-end digital integration, customization and personalization, agile collaboration networks, open innovation, co-creation and crowdsourcing, product servitization and anything-as-a-service. Recognizing that simulation models are abstractions of reality the authors opt for a satisficing strategy instead of an optimization strategy. They include fundamentals and then describe tools for architecting a knowledge-based platforms for decision support. Challenges associated with developing a computational platform for decision support for the realization of complex engineered systems in the context of Design Engineering 4.0 are identified. Constructs for formulating design decisions (e.g., selection, compromise, and coupled decisions), knowledge modelling schemes (e.g., ontologies and modular templates), diagrams for designing decision workflows (e.g., the PEI-X diagram), and some analytical methods for robust design under uncertainty are presented. The authors describe integrating the knowledge-based platform to architect a cloud-based platform for decision support promoting co-design and cloud-based design communication essential for mass collaboration and open innovation for Design Engineering 4.0. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, design engineers, and others working on pushing the boundary of digitized manufacturing to include Design Engineering 4.0 principles in designing products, processes, and services.

Metaheuristic optimization is a higher-level procedure or heuristic designed to find, generate, or select a heuristic (partial search algorithm) that may provide a sufficiently good solution to an optimization problem, especially with incomplete or imperfect information or limited computation capacity. This is usually applied when two or more objectives are to be optimized simultaneously. This book is presented with two major objectives. Firstly, it features chapters by eminent researchers in the field providing the readers about the current status of the subject. Secondly, algorithm-based optimization or advanced optimization techniques, which are applied to mostly non-engineering problems, are applied to engineering problems. This book will also serve as an aid to both research and industry. Usage of these methodologies would enable the improvement in engineering and manufacturing technology and support an organization in this era of low product life cycle. Features: Covers the application of recent and new algorithms Focuses on the development aspects such as including surrogate modeling, parallelization, game theory, and hybridization Presents the advances of engineering applications for both single-objective and multi-objective optimization problems Offers recent developments from a variety of engineering fields Discusses Optimization using Evolutionary Algorithms and Metaheuristics applications in engineering

The textbook provides both beginner and experienced CAD users with the math behind the CAD. The geometry tools introduced here help the reader exploit commercial CAD software to its fullest extent. In fact, the book enables the reader to go beyond what CAD software packages offer in their menus. Chapter 1 summarizes the basic Linear and Vector Algebra pertinent to vectors in 3D, with some novelties: the 2D form of the vector product and the manipulation of "larger" matrices and vectors by means of block-partitioning of larger arrays. In chapter 2 the relations among points, lines and curves in the plane are revised accordingly; the difference between curves representing functions and their geometric counterparts is emphasized. Geometric objects in 3D, namely, points, planes, lines and surfaces are the subject of chapter 3; of the latter, only quadrics are studied, to keep the discussion at an elementary level, but the interested reader is guided to the literature on splines. The concept of affine transformations, at the core of CAD software, is introduced in chapter 4, which includes applications of these transformations to the synthesis of curves and surfaces that would be extremely cumbersome to produce otherwise. The book, catering to various disciplines such as engineering, graphic design, animation and architecture, is kept discipline-independent, while including examples of interest to the various disciplines. Furthermore, the book can be an invaluable complement to undergraduate lectures on CAD.

The "Tra?c and Granular Flow '07" conference was the seventh of a series of international conferences that started in 1995 in Julic .. h (Germany). Since then, the conference took place in Duisburg (1997), Stuttgart (1999), Nagoya (2001), Delft (2003) and Berlin (2005). The aim of TGF conferences is to facilitate the exchanges between various ?elds dealing with transport. When the conference was created, the ?elds that were represented were road tra?c and granular ?ow - hence the name of the series. Since then, the scope of the conference has been enlarged to include in particular collective motion in biology (molecular motors), a subject which turns out to have many connections with the two original ones. Transversal themes have emerged. For TGF07, a session was speci?cally devoted to the subject of networks. An important theme is also the one of self-propelled particles. It ranges from granular ?ows with anisotropic grains, to collective motion of animals, and to pedestrian tra?c. We were very happy to organize the 2007 occurrence of TGF in Orsay (France), at the University Paris-Sud. The conference was organized mainly by the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics (LPT), with the help of the Labo- tory FAST (Fluides, Automatique et Syst' emes Thermiques) - these two la- ratories are both associated to the CNRS (Centre National pour la Recherche Scienti?que) - and of the GARIG Group at INRETS.

A step-by-step tutorial on AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT basics

AutoCAD is the leading drawing software, used by design and drafting professionals to create 2D and 3D technical drawings. This tutorial is aimed at AutoCAD novices and provides you with the essentials you need so you can acquire the necessary skills to work in AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT immediately.

You'll begin with the basics and gradually progress to more advanced topics and features, such as grouping, elevations, hatches, and using text in drawings. Concise explanations, focused examples, and step-by-step instructions round out this hands-on tutorial. * Begins with the basics of AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT, the leading 2D and 3D drawing software * Progresses to more advanced topics and skill sets and covers grouping, hatches, and text in drawings * Introduces dimensioning, external references, layouts and printing, and using 3D Contains helpful examples and step-by-step instructions so you can get started using AutoCAD immediately

Featuring the most up-to-date techniques, tactics, industry standards, and methods, this tutorial will get you started using AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT right away.

This book contains selected papers from International Symposium for Production Research 2021, held on October 7-9, 2021, online, Turkey. The book reports recent advances in production engineering and operations. It explores topics including production research; production management; operations management; industry 4.0; industrial engineering; mechanical engineering; engineering management; and operational research. Presenting real-life applications, case studies, and mathematical models, this book is of interest to researchers, academics, and practitioners in the field of production and operation engineering. It provides both the results of recent research and practical solutions to real-world problems.

All over the world, vast research is in progress on the domain of Industry 4.0 and related techniques. Industry 4.0 is expected to have a very high impact on labor markets, global value chains, education, health, environment, and many social economic aspects. Industry 4.0 Interoperability, Analytics, Security, and Case Studies provides a deeper understanding of the drivers and enablers of Industry 4.0. It includes real case studies of various applications related to different fields, such as cyber physical systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, machine learning, virtualization, decentralization, blockchain, fog computing, and many other related areas. Also discussed are interoperability, design, and implementation challenges. Researchers, academicians, and those working in industry around the globe will find this book of interest. FEATURES Provides an understanding of the drivers and enablers of Industry 4.0 Includes real case studies of various applications for different fields Discusses technologies such as cyber physical systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, machine learning, virtualization, decentralization, blockchain, fog computing, and many other related areas Covers design, implementation challenges, and interoperability Offers detailed knowledge on Industry 4.0 and its underlying technologies, research challenges, solutions, and case studies

The main objective of the authors is to deliver specifications and underlying concepts for future computer-aided tools for the design and the control of flexible manufacturing systems for mechanical and electro-mechanical assemblies. This book presents an integrated computer-aided method which supports a concurrent engineering approach for assembled products. This integrated method is divided in several modules which analyse the ease of assembly of a design, the assembly order, the design of an assembly workshop, and the simulation of the workshop taking into account scheduling and flow control. Automatic, semi-automatic and manual utilisations are presented for each module. Communication between design and manufacturing has been emphasised. The environment in this book is a real concurrent engineering one and for the first time the concurrent engineering steps are integrated in a CAD system. The method has been implemented in one of the worlds most used CAD systems: CATIA.

This book introduces the basic structure, modeling methods, numerical calculation processes, post-processing, and system functions of MatDEM, which applies the basic principles and algorithm of the discrete element method. The discrete element method can effectively simulate the discontinuity, inhomogeneity, and large deformation damage of rock and soil. It is widely used in both research and industry. Based on the innovative matrix discrete element computing method, the author developed the high-performance discrete element software MatDEM from scratch, which can handle millions of elements in discrete element numerical simulations. This book also presents several examples of applications in geological and geotechnical engineering, including basic geotechnical engineering problems, discrete element tests, three dimensional landslides, and dynamic and multi-field coupling functions. Teaching videos and the relevant software can be accessed on the MATDEM website (http://matdem.com). The book serves as a useful reference for research and engineering staff, undergraduates, and postgraduates who work in the fields of geology, geotechnical, water conservancy, civil engineering, mining, and physics.