Human-Centered Built Environment Heritage Preservation addresses the question of how a human-centred conservation approach can and should change practice. For the most part, there are few answers to this question because professionals in the heritage conservation field do not use social science research methodologies to manage cultural landscapes, assess historical significance and inform the treatment of building and landscape fabric. With few exceptions, only academic theorists have explored these topics while failing to offer specific, usable guidance on how the social sciences can actually be used by heritage professionals. In exploring the nature of a human-centred heritage conservation practice, we explicitly seek a middle ground between the academy and practice, theory and application, fabric and meanings, conventional and civil experts, and orthodox and heterodox ideas behind practice and research. We do this by positioning this book in a transdisciplinary space between these dichotomies as a way to give voice (and respect) to multiple perspectives without losing sight of our goal that heritage conservation practice should, fundamentally, benefit all people. We believe that this approach is essential for creating an emancipated built heritage conservation practice that must successfully engage very different ontological and epistemological perspectives.

Principles of conservation and sustainability are easily married but often at odds for architects under increasing pressure to navigate the energy needs of older buildings. By incorporating UK and international case studies together with more theoretical essays the book seeks to identify overlaps in the interests of energy and building conservation. The varied expertise of the contributors; architects, surveyors, consultants and academics, demonstrate the use of qualitative and quantitative frames of reference. The second part of the book showcases sustainable domestic and non-domestic heritage projects, translating the challenges of the preceding research into varied methods that practitioners can use to question and review their everyday work. The book will be appeal to all architects, building professionals and designers working with traditional buildings and will enhance readers' ambitions, so that they feel equipped and inspired to work with old buildings sensitively, creatively and sustainably.

There are over half a million listed buildings in Britain, conservation areas can be found in every borough, and a large proportion of our housing stock pre-dates 1914. So, whether in extending a listed house, reordering a local church, or converting an historic warehouse, most architects will work with historic buildings at some point in their career - even if they are not a specialist conservation architect. An Introduction to Architectural Conservation aims to introduce non-specialist architects to the principles behind legislation concerning historic buildings. It will help them understand the practicalities of this legislation, the aims and objectives of Conservation Offices, Statutory Amenity Societies and other guardians of our heritage. With these skills, readers can advise clients more accurately, make successful listed building applications, and ensure their interventions are sensitive, appropriate and effective. An Introduction to Architectural Conservation is also a practical guide to good working practice: taking readers through the process of preparing a listed building application, preparing a suitable tender package and administering the contract. Containing an array of attractive and informative hand-drawn illustrations, An Introduction to Architectural Conservation will prove invaluable for architects who occasionally work on listed buildings and who may not yet be accredited. It is also an ideal source of reference for architects with existing specialist knowledge of the field.

High-strength materials offer alternatives to frequently used materials for high-rise construction. A material of higher strength means a smaller member size is required to resist the design load. However, high-strength concrete is brittle, and high-strength thin steel plates are prone to local buckling. A solution to overcome such problems is to adopt a steel-concrete composite design in which concrete provides lateral restraint to steel plates against local buckling, and steel plates provide confinement to high-strength concrete. Design of Steel-Concrete Composite Structures Using High Strength Materials provides guidance on the design of composite steel-concrete structures using combined high-strength concretes and steels. The book includes a database of over 2,500 test results on composite columns to evaluate design methods, and presents calculations to determine critical parameters affecting the strength and ductility of high-strength composite columns. Finally, the book proposes design methods for axial-moment interaction curves in composite columns. This allows a unified approach to the design of columns with normal- and high-strength steel concrete materials. This book offers civil engineers, structural engineers, and researchers studying the mechanical performance of composite structures in the use of high-strength materials to design and construct advanced tall buildings.

Eco-Efficient Rendering Mortars: Use of Recycled Materials focuses on the use of waste materials into cement-based renders, discussing the origins, treatment processes and properties of relevant wastes. The book dispels mistrust through demonstrating the technical feasibility and environmental benefits of eco-efficient rendering mortars. It considers the characteristics of different waste products, such as aggregates, fillers, binders and additions. The functional requirements of renders are also discussed alongside their impact. Finally, the title considers the lifecycle and durability of modified mortars. This book offers robust support and clear guidance on the use of wastes as a substitute for natural aggregates and binders.

Asian activists, organizers, critics, teachers, artists, and entrepreneurs have become passionately involved in protecting Asia's heritage. In this book, twelve principal authors from eleven of the region's countries present their experience of what has been done in the past and their ideas on what should be done in the future. Chapters cover Siam's temples, Korean religious murals, Beijing's neighborhoods, Lao textiles, Javanese ruins, Cambodian dance, old Bangkok and George Town, Philippine creative arts, Calcutta's architecture, China's salt industry, and the Burmese cat. This book records the start of a conversation that promises to transform the protection of Asia's heritage.

Robert Adam is perhaps the best known of all British architects, the only one whose name denotes both a style and an era. The new decorative language he introduced at Kedleston and Syon around 1760 put him at the forefront of dynamic changes taking place in 18th-century British architecture. His later claim that his practice with his brother James had effected 'a kind of revolution' in design was no idle boast. Their style dominated the later Georgian period and their influence was widespread, not only in Western Europe but in Russia and North America. But for such a well-known figure, much of Robert Adam's art still remains poorly understood. This new study, based on papers given at a Georgian Group symposium in 2015, looks afresh at many aspects of the Adam brothers' oeuvre, such as interior planning, their use of colour, the influence of classical sources, their involvement in the art market, town planning and building speculation, and Robert Adam's late picturesque drawings and castle designs - all within the context of the Adam family background and their personal and working relationships. The Scottish architecture of Robert and James's older brother, John, is also assessed. There are essays by established Adam experts as well as contributions from a younger generation of historians and postdoctoral scholars, one of the book's aims being to stimulate further research on the Adams' contribution to British architecture, art and design.

Heritage is a growing area of both tourism and study, with World Heritage Site designations increasing year-on-year. This book reviews the important interrelations between the industry, local communities and conservation work, bringing together the various opportunities and challenges for different destinations. World Heritage status is a strong marketing brand, and proper heritage management and effective conservation are vital, but this tourism must also be developed and managed appropriately if it is to benefit a site. As many sites are located in residential areas, their interaction with the local community must also be carefully considered. This book: - Reviews new areas of development such as Historic Urban Landscapes, Intangible Cultural Heritage, Memory of the World and Global Geoparks. - Includes global case studies to relate theory to practice. - Covers a worldwide industry of over 1,000 cultural and natural heritage sites. An important read for academics, researchers and students of heritage studies, cultural studies and tourism, this book is also a useful resource for professionals working in conservation, cultural and natural heritage management.

A fascinating journey through Europe’s old towns, exploring why we treasure them—but also what they hide about a continent’s fraught history   Historic quarters in cities and towns across the middle of Europe were devastated during the Second World War—some, like those of Warsaw and Frankfurt, had to be rebuilt almost completely. They are now centers of peace and civility that attract millions of tourists, but the stories they tell about places, peoples, and nations are selective. They are never the whole story.   These old towns and their turbulent histories have been key sites in Europe’s ongoing theater of politics and war. Exploring seven old towns, from Frankfurt and Prague to Vilnius in Lithuania, the acclaimed writer Marek Kohn examines how they have been used since the Second World War to conceal political tensions and reinforce certain versions of history.   Uncovering hidden stories behind these old and old-seeming façades, Kohn offers us a new understanding of the politics of European history-making—showing how our visits to old towns could promote belonging over exclusion, and empathy over indifference.

This book looks at the treatment of Byzantine monuments in the first hundred years of the Greek State. It examines representative restoration interventions on Byzantine monuments in Greece and critically analyses the theoretical principles and the practices adopted. The author records the developmental course of actions taken to salvage the Byzantine heritage, both by the Greek State and by non-governmental agents. It also investigates their ideological and cultural framework, correlating this with European thought. It enhances the impact of the upgrading of Byzantium in Greece on activities for the protection, rescue and restoration of Byzantine ecclesiastical monuments. The study is based on ample archival material, which is published for the first time. This volume is an essential contribution to research into the history of Greek cultural heritage and of European restorations. English language edition

Over the past fifty years, preservation policy has evolved very little, despite escalating accusations that landmarking and historic districting can inhibit affordable housing, economic development, and socioeconomic diversity. The potential to understand these dynamics and effect positive change is hindered by a lack of data and evidence-based research to better understand these impacts. One of the biggest barriers to preservation research has been the lack of data sets that can be used for geospatial, evidence-based, and longitudinal analyses. This first book in the series Issues in Preservation Policy explores the ways that enhancing the collection, accuracy, and management of data can serve a critical role in identifying vulnerable neighborhoods, understanding the role of older buildings in economic vitality and community resilience, planning sustainable growth, and more. For preservation to play a dynamic role in sustainable development and social inclusion, policy must evolve beyond designation and design regulation and use evidence-based research to confront new realities in the management of urban environments and their communities.

Projecting forward in time from the processes of design and construction that are so often the focus of architectural discourse, Consuming Architecture examines the variety of ways in which buildings are consumed after they have been produced, focusing in particular on processes of occupation, appropriation and interpretation. Drawing on contributions by architects, historians, anthropologists, literary critics, artists, film-makers, photographers and journalists, it shows how the consumption of architecture is a dynamic and creative act that involves the creation and negotiation of meanings and values by different stakeholders and that can be expressed in different voices. In so doing, it challenges ideas of what constitutes architecture, architectural discourse and architectural education, how we understand and think about it, and who can claim ownership of it. Consuming Architecture is aimed at students in architectural education and will also be of interest to students and researchers from disciplines that deal with architecture in terms of consumption and material culture.

Historic structures need to be restored in line with international guidance and charters developed by architects and archaeologists, but technical understanding of structural engineering and materials is crucial, particularly with respect to response to earthquake loading. This guide to structural assessment and restoration of masonry monuments and historical buildings outlines the techniques, materials and design procedures used. It begins with principles, theory and practice and then presents case studies. The assessment focusses on Building materials and construction techniques used in the past The mechanics of masonry The structural behaviour of masonry monuments and historical buildings In-situ investigation and laboratory tests for existing and restoration materials. The restoration elaborates on Techniques and materials available for structural restoration Structural analysis and design Deciding on the restoration scheme Emergency measures and protective measures.

Microclimate for Cultural Heritage: Measurement, Risk Assessment, Conservation, Restoration, and Maintenance of Indoor and Outdoor Monuments, Third Edition, presents the latest on microclimates, environmental issues and the conservation of cultural heritage. It is a useful treatise on microphysics, acting as a practical handbook for conservators and specialists in physics, chemistry, architecture, engineering, geology and biology who focus on environmental issues and the conservation of works of art. It fills a gap between the application of atmospheric sciences, like the thermodynamic processes of clouds and dynamics of planetary boundary layer, and their application to a monument surface or a room within a museum. Sections covers applied theory, environmental issues and conservation, practical utilization, along with suggestions, examples, common issues and errors.

Advanced Building Envelope Components: Comparative Experiments focuses on the latest research in innovative materials, systems and components, also providing a detailed technical explanation on what this breakthrough means for building exteriors and sustainability. Topics include a discussion of transparent envelope components, including intelligent kinetic skins, such as low-e coatings, high vs. low silver content in glass, solar control coatings, such as silver vs. niobium vs. tin, and more. In addition, opaque envelope components are also presented, including opaque dynamic facades, clay lining vs. plasterboard and nano clayed foams.

Sustainable Construction Materials: Recycled Aggregate focuses on the massive systematic need that is necessary to encourage the uptake of recycled and secondary materials (RSM) in the construction industry. This book is the fifth and the last of the series on sustainable construction materials and like the previous four, it is also different to the norm. Its uniqueness lies in using the newly developed, Analytical Systemisation Method, in building the data-matrix sourced from 1413 publications, contributed by 2213 authors from 965 institutions in 67 countries, from 1977 to 2018, on the subject of recycled aggregate as a construction material, and systematically analysing, evaluating and modelling this information for use of the material as an aggregate concrete and mortar, geotechnics and road pavement applications. Environmental issues, case studies and standards are also discussed. The work establishes what is already known and can be used to further progress the use of sustainable construction materials. It can also help to avoid repetitive research and save valuable resources. The book is structured in an incisive and easy to digest manner and is particularly suited for researchers, academics, design engineers, specifiers, contractors, and government bodies dealing with construction works.

New Trends in Eco-efficient and Recycled Concrete describes different recycled materials that have been used in eco-efficient concrete, reviewing previous publications to identify the most effective recycled materials to be applied in concrete manufacture. New trends on eco-efficient concrete are presented, filling a gap in the market. Sections cover various recycled materials applied in concrete production, present the latest on the lifecycle analysis of recycled aggregate concrete, detail new trends in recycled aggregate concrete research, and finally, present updates on upscaling the use of recycled aggregate concrete and structural reliability.

Sustainable Design and Build provides a complete reference for engineers and scientists who want to conduct sustainability research. The book begins with a rudimentary discussion of environmental pollution and energy that is followed by their applications for solving problems in construction processes and practices governing advanced building design, infrastructure and transportation, and water and sewage. Other topics include engineering invisible roads and bridges, smart building technology, building information modeling, energy modeling, resilience in urban and rural development, engineering invisible roads and bridges, zero emission vehicles and flying transportation technology. This book presents a valuable guide to sustainable design and construction processes and methods.

This book tells the fascinating history of the Byzantine Palace of Mistras, erected in the mid-13th century and later expanded to become the seat of the Byzantine governors. From the mid-14th century it was the seat of the Despots of Mistras, and the administrative centre around which commerce and culture flourished during the final phase of the Byzantine Empire. The palace reached its final form with the extensions made at the beginning of the 15th century; it was abandoned in the 18th century and decayed into a three-storey ruin until our times. These ruins, which are described in detail, were investigated, and documented in an extensive photographic archive, leading to a plan for the Palace's restoration according to its original form. The organisation of the restoration work, the techniques employed and the structural details of the building are discussed here in great detail, revealing the Palace in its restored form. English language edition. More than 900 illustrations, many in colour.

Waste and Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Concrete: Characterisation, Properties and Applications provides a state-of-the-art review of the effective and efficient use of these materials in construction. Chapters focus on a specific type of material, addressing their characterization, strength, durability and structural applications. Sections include discussions of the properties of materials, including their physical, chemical and characterization, their strength and durability, modern engineering applications, case studies, the state of codes and standards of implementation, cost considerations, and the role of materials in green and sustainable construction. The book concludes with a discussion of research needs.

This guidance is primarily intended for owners, occupiers, non-specialist building professionals, and others who take responsibility for historic buildings. It provides basic information on wall paintings and covers how to assess buildings for the potential survival of historic painted decoration. It also explains the steps that should be taken when are discovered, along with information on who to contact for assistance. Before the 20th century, wall paintings were a common form of decoration and they can survive hidden beneath later covering layers or materials. New discoveries of painted decoration within historic properties occur frequently across the country. Often, the discovery is purely accidental: during building works, or after specific events such as fire or flooding. Lack of awareness of the potential for surviving historic decoration is largely to blame for inadvertent damage and loss. Moreover, when discoveries occur during building works, there are often both financial and scheduling pressures placed on any decision-making, and this can impact on the long-term care of wall paintings. Ideally, the presence of historic decoration will have been established well in advance. This way, the building work can be organised to avoid potential damage. However, when paintings are found by accident it is important to follow some simple guidelines which are explained in more detail here, including who to contact for further advice.

The staircase dates back to the very beginning of architectural history. Virtually every significant building from the ziggurats of ancient Mesopotamia to the present day, has not only contained one or more staircases, but has celebrated them. For such an apparently simple part of a building they have been made in a bewildering variety of forms and from a wide range of materials. Every age has sought to out-perform the previous to produce ever more spectacular and gravity-defying designs. 'Staircases: History, Repair and Conservation' is the first major reference volume devoted entirely to the understanding of staircases and the issues surrounding their repair and conservation. Each chapter has been especially written by experts in their respective fields. The book is essential reading for professionals and anyone with an interest in staircases. It deals with the history; dating; archaeology; surveying and recording; engineering; curating; repair and conservation of the staircase in a single volume. No other book offers such a wide range of detail. The book is divided into three parts: Part 1 covers the history, development, identification and dating of staircases, providing detailed drawings and photographs and an introduction to the scientific techniques available to enable the accurate dating of staircases. Part 2 covers the design, engineering and maintenance of the staircase, giving a clear guide to the latest research into the design of safe staircases and their structural stability. Part 3 focuses on the materials commonly used to make stairs, detailing the appropriate techniques for their conservation and repair. The result is a comprehensive study encompassing considerable and far reaching research which aims to inform our understanding and advance the scholarship of the subject for years to come.