|
Books > Professional & Technical > Civil engineering, surveying & building > Building construction & materials > Conservation of buildings & building materials
A week on a beach, a day at a spa, a hike in the hills -- tourism
is taken for granted today, but over the past 500 years, it has
played a significant role in the shaping of modern Britain.
Holidays were once effectively limited to a handful of wealthy
people, but by the 20th century a day at the seaside had become
almost universal. In the process quiet villages have becoming busy
spa towns, new resorts have been created around Britain's coast and
largely unspoilt areas of the countryside have had to cope with the
increased mobility of the population. Some places have become
wholly reliant on tourism as their primary industry, and with
changes in popular tastes in recent years this has created problems
for some communities. Tourism and the Changing Face of Britain
traces the story of tourism in Britain from the Middle Ages to the
present day. It stretches from a time when travel was by horse or
coach to the modern era where cheap air travel can take
holidaymakers anywhere, including far from Britain's shores. The
book shows how holidays, and the pursuit of leisure, have created
destinations, sometimes whole towns and even had an impact on the
countryside. This wide ranging study examines topics such as
pilgrimages, spas, seaside holidays and the discovery of Britain's
past, present and future.
How do you find out about historic buildings and places? A good
place to start is with visual evidence. Original drawings,
topographical views, surveys, maps, photographs and other historic
visual sources help to build up an understanding of how a building
or location appears the way it does today. Interpreting such
material requires knowledge of historic design and mapping
conventions, the place of the drawings in the construction process,
the methods and techniques used to create engraved or topographical
views, and the equipment and processes used in photography at
particular times. In Historical Visual Sources: a guide to
understanding the historic built environment the authors -
professional architectural and art historians - explain the
provenance, purpose and terminology of a range of visual sources
from the 16th to the 20th centuries, and how they can help - or
sometimes hinder - an understanding of the original form and
subsequent changes to a building, site or landscape. In addition,
they list the most widely used archives, such as the Royal
Institute of British Architects Drawings Collection, and online and
published databases of historic visual sources. This book will be
of particular interest to historic buildings professionals,
archaeologists, conservation architects, students of architectural
history, and those involved in the preparation of conservation
plans. More widely, it is hoped that the visual sources discussed
and listed here may open a new and rich vein of material to
different kinds of historians, genealogists, educators, students
and authors.
Revolutions have gripped many countries, leading to the destruction
of buildings, places, and artifacts; climate change is threatening
the ancestral homes of many, the increasingly uneven distribution
of resources has made the poor vulnerable to the coercive efforts
by the rich, and social uncertainty has led to the romanticizing of
the past. Humanity is resilient, but we have a fundamental need for
attachment to places, buildings, and objects. This edited volume
will explore the different meanings and forms of place attachment
and meaning based on our histories and conceptualization of
material artifacts. Each chapter examines a varied relationship
between a given society and the meaning formed through myth,
symbols, and ideologies manifested through diverse forms of
material artifacts. Topics of consideration examine place
attachment at many scales including at the level of the artifact,
human being, building, urban context, and region. We need a better
understanding of human relationships to the past, our attachments
to the events and places, and to the external influences on our
attachments. This understanding will allow for better preservation
methods pertaining to important places and buildings, and enhanced
social wellbeing for all groups of people. Covering a broad range
of international perspectives on place meaning from the United
States to Europe, Asia to Russia, and Africa to Australia, this
book is an essential read for students, academics, and
professionals alike.
Bei zahlreichen Wettbewerben uber Stahlbrucken und bei Ausfuhrungen
der letzten Jahre tritt deutlich das Bestreben hervor, neben den
jahrzehnte lang bevorzugten einteiligen Fachwerken, den
Dreieckfachwerken, auch wieder mehrteilige Systeme, im besonderen
aber zweiteilige, einzufuhren. Unter diesen sind es vornehmlich die
sogenannten Rhombenfachwerke, die wegen ihrer guten asthetischen
Wirkung besonders beliebt sind. Den Bestrebungen, diesen Systemen
wieder grossere Geltung zu verschaffen, stehen entgegen die Unklar
heit uber die statischen Verhaltnisse uberhaupt, sowie die weit
verbreitete Meinung uber ein ungunstiges statisches Verhalten, das
entweder eine Ver ringerung der Sicherheit bedingt, oder aber zu
reichlicher Bemessung fuhrt und damit das System unwirtschaftlich
gestaltet. Diese Meinung grundet sich jedoch nur auf sehr grobe
Naherungsberechnungen, die ausserdem von ganz falschen
Voraussetzungen ausgehen. Die hier noch klaffende grosse Lucke in
der Kenntnis des statischen Ver haltens einer wichtigen Bruckenart
hat Veranlassung zur vorliegenden Ab handlung gegeben, in der eine
genaue statische Untersuchung des Rhomben fachwerks vorgenommen
wird. Die Einflusslinien fur samtliche statischen Grossen werden
ermittelt und es werden dabei durch Gegenuberstellung der richtigen
Werte mit den bisher fur hinreichend genau gehaltenen Zahlen
wichtige Erkenntnisse uber die Zuverlassigkeit der ublichen
Berechnungs verfahren erlangt.: F'erner lasst sich aus den genauen
Ergebnissen leicht er sehen, dass den Rhombenfachwerken ein
besonders ungunstiges Rtatisches Verhalten im Vergleich mit anderen
Brucken nicht zugeschrieben werden darf. Der Deutsche
Stahlbau-Verband hat mich bei der Ermoglichung der Druck legung
dieser Abhandlung wirksam unterstutzt. Es ist mir ein Bedurfnis,
ihm hierfur an dieser Stelle zu danken. Aachen, im Juni 1929. Der V
('nasser. Inhaltsverzeichnis."
Situated on the shore of the Lake Zurich, Le Corbusier's exhibition
pavilion is his last realised design. Based on his Modulor
proportional system and at the scale of a single-family home, it
demonstrates the potential of prefabricated elements to form a
perfect space for art and design. Commissioned in 1960 by Heidi
Weber, Zurich-based gallery owner and patron of Le Corbusier the
visual artist, this structure in steel and glass represents pivotal
aspects of his architectural philosophy and also points to the
future. Architects Silvio Schmed and Arthur Ruegg have carefully
restored the Pavillon Le Corbusier to its original state, including
the reconstruction of missing pieces of furniture and luminaires.
This book documents their research and the restored building,
featuring previously unpublished historic photographs and documents
alongside newly commissioned images by Georg Aerni.
Quantifying exergy losses in the energy supply system of buildings
reveals the potential for energy improvement, which cannot be
discovered using conventional energy analysis. Thermoeconomics
combines economic and thermodynamic analysis by applying the
concept of cost (an economic concept) to exergy, as exergy is a
thermodynamic property fit for this purpose, in that it combines
the quantity of energy with its quality factor. Exergy Analysis and
Thermoeconomics of Buildings applies exergy analysis methods and
thermoeconomics to the built environment. The mechanisms of heat
transfer throughout the envelope of buildings are analyzed from an
exergy perspective and then to the building thermal installations,
analyzing the different components, such as condensing boilers,
absorption refrigerators, microcogeneration plants, etc., including
solar installations and finally the thermal facilities as a whole.
A detailed analysis of the cost formation process is presented,
which has its physical roots firmly planted in the second law of
thermodynamics. The basic principles and the rules of cost
allocation, in energy units (exergy cost), in monetary units
(exergoeconomic cost), and in CO2 emissions (exergoenvironmental
cost), based on the so-called Exergy Cost Theory are presented and
applied to thermal installations of buildings. Clear and rigorous
in its exposition, Exergy Analysis and Thermoeconomics of Buildings
discusses exergy analysis and thermoeconomics and the role they
could play in the analysis and design of building components,
either the envelope or the thermal facilities, as well as the
diagnosis of thermal installations. This book moves progressively
from introducing the basic concepts to applying them. Exergy
Analysis and Thermoeconomics of Buildings provides examples of
specific cases throughout this book. These cases include real data,
so that the results obtained are useful to interpret the
inefficiencies and losses that truly occur in actual installations;
hence, the assessment of their effects encourages the manner to
improve efficiency.
|
|