In Islam, philanthropy is a spectrum of activity, and these activities differ in their purpose and in the principles on which they operate. To fully understand philanthropy, it is vital to examine not only its purpose but its motive and outcomes. This book identifies three types of philanthropy within this spectrum: Philanthropy as relief (zakat), which seeks to alleviate human suffering; philanthropy as an improvement (waqf), which seeks to maximize individual human potential and is energized by a principle that seeks to progress individuals and their society; and philanthropy as reform (sadaqah), which seeks to solve social problems. Philanthropy as civic engagement seeks to build better community structures and services and is directed by civic responsibility. This book explores philanthropy in Islam that covers the three primary spectra of activity: zakat, waqf, and sadaqah. Combining contributions from the Conference on Philanthropy for Humanitarian Aid under the joint organization of Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University and the International Research Centre of Islamic Economics and Finance, International Islamic University College in collaboration with the Islamic Research and Training Institute, this book will be of interest to students, policymakers, practitioners, and researchers in the areas of Islamic finance and Islamic economics.

African economies can benefit tremendously from the new wave of digital innovation and information technology by using it to build and maintain sustainable systems. However, the gap in the theory and practice of providing these solutions remains poorly understood and difficult to fill. Only by addressing this gap head-on can it be traversed to the greater benefit of African citizens. Digital Solutions and the Case for Africa's Sustainable Development is a pivotal reference source that presents existing technologies and their relevant solutions and further inspires inventions and innovation to provide sustainable solutions to African problems. Highlighting a wide range of topics including artificial intelligence, cryptocurrency, and digital identity, this book is ideally designed for government officials, public officials, computer engineers, economists, IT specialists, entrepreneurs, researchers, academicians, and students.

Technological development is achievable only when a country has the ability to systematically design and introduce its own new technologies. In spite of the variety of studies regarding technology management, there is still a lack of studies concerning the principle concepts of technology management in the Middle Eastern/North African (MENA) region's firms. The generally low level of ICT diffusion in most of the region's countries widens the gap between MENA countries and the modern world. Private Sector Innovations and Technological Growth in the MENA Region provides innovative insights into investments made for the digital transformation of major cities in the region that have the potential to become a significant driver for economic development and job creation. Highlighting topics such as strategic planning, risk analysis, and customer loyalty, this publication is designed for policymakers, economists, academicians, researchers, business professionals, and students interested in the use of ICT integration for the advancement of the MENA region.

In the post-COVID-19 era, it is essential to adhere to an international framework for sustainable development goals (SDGs), which requires the management of the economic, social, and environmental shocks and disasters. While many have suffered across the world from the COVID-19 pandemic, these SDGs work to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all ages, as well as inclusive and sustainable economic growth. Frameworks for Sustainable Development Goals to Manage Economic, Social, and Environmental Shocks and Disasters provides an updated view of the newest trends, novel practices, and latest tendencies concerning the benefits, advantages, opportunities, and challenges of building an internationally successful framework for SDGs. Covering topics such as business longevity, green innovation, and vaccination willingness, this premier reference source is an excellent resource for government officials, business leaders and executives, human resource managers, economists, sociologists, students and faculty of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

In the backdrop of the Coronavirus having wreaked havoc on nations across the world and adversely impacting economic growth of countries, the government and monetary authorities,such as the Reserve Bank of India, stepped forward with conventional as well as unconventional stimulus measures. This was the time for the Government and fellow Indians to reboot, redraw, and reinvent the wheel of progress, and paint a new standing in the World Economic Order. Thus, in light of the above-mentioned macroeconomic scenario existing in India in June 2020, the authors decided to continuously examine the important measures and policies announced by the Government and evaluate its impact on the country. Part 1 of the book traces the preceding trends in the economic growth of the country during 2010-20, the initial impact of the virus on the Indian economy, the macroeconomic perspectives, including the required fiscal measures through the very first post-pandemic budget, i.e., for 2021-22, and the country's progress on the path to economic recovery in the first quarter of 2022. Part 2 critically analyses policy initiatives undertaken by the Government for achieving an Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India), short-term and long-term structural reforms, agricultural reforms, the six pillars on which the union budget 2021-22 has been formulated, and bold measures like the proposal for asset monetization of PSUs and government's re-think on retrospective taxes. Part 3 lays out a roadmap of policy suggestions which warrant government focus and attention to make India into a self-reliant nation. These initiatives can help in achieving the dream of doubling farmers' income and making India into a global manufacturing hub. This section also discusses the importance of cooperative federalism and challenges before the government in making India into a self-reliant nation, especially in terms of administrative machinery and the judicial system.

Since the turn of the century, the world has been in pursuit of more established economic cities. Differences in governmental policy has pushed researchers to discover how the differing governments are implementing these changes and compare the process and structure to cities with an already established economy. Entrepreneurial Innovation and Economic Development in Dubai and Comparisons to Its Sister Cities provides innovative insights on entrepreneurship opportunities in Dubai, the influence of foreigner start-ups and their strategy for development, and models of entrepreneurship and how they compare to other cities. The implications will be two-fold: (1) to examine the issues in entrepreneurial activity as well as what level innovation is being developed; (2) to explore the changes that need to be conducted at national or regional levels in regard to innovation and economic development. Highlighting a range of topics including global business, quality management, and cluster branding, this publication is intended for business professionals, executives, economists, government officials, students, researchers, and policymakers.

Change is an inevitable aspect of human life. As time goes by, certain processes and ways of doing things become inadequate. When it comes to economic systems, there is a need to review current models and revise them to meet new global demands in both developed and developing nations. Emerging Economic Models for Global Sustainability and Social Development is an essential reference source that discusses economic, political, and social environments in the modern age, as well as economic development in an era of global hyper-competition, dwindling natural resources, and a growing global skills gap. Featuring research on topics such as monetary policy, economic theory, and rural poverty, this book is ideally designed for business managers, policymakers, government officials, researchers, academicians, and upper-level students seeking coverage on theoretical and empirical models in economic behavior.

The increasing urgency of environmental issues necessitates the rethinking of our societal model. This book explores this assertion by going back in time and pinpointing the turning points in the evolution of European society that we are currently experiencing. Productive Economy, Contributory Economy presents an analysis of the factors affecting the evolution of our societal model, emerging from sedentarism, which culminated in the industrial age. To further this evolution, we must allow the common good to prosper: family, knowledge, innovation, democracy and spirituality. This book presents a dual contributory and productive economy to be put into place, as well as the synergy that can be established between these two spaces of human contribution. It also studies the instruments of governance that we will need, such as smart money, as well as the conditions of their success.

Building a capable public service is fundamental to postconflict state building. Yet in postconflict settings, short-term pressures often conflict with this longer-term objective. To ensure peace and stabilize fragile coalitions, the imperative for political elites to hand out public jobs and better pay to constituents dominates merit. Donor-financed projects that rely on technical assistants and parallel structures, rather than on government systems, are often the primary vehicle for meeting pressing service delivery needs. What, then, is a workable approach to rebuilding public services postconflict? Paths between Peace and Public Service seeks to answer this question by comparing public service reform trajectories in five countries - Afghanistan, Liberia, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, and Timor-Leste - in the aftermath of conflict. The study seeks to explain these countries' different trajectories through process tracing and structured, focused methods of comparative analysis. To reconstruct reform trajectories, the report draws on more than 200 interviews conducted with government officials and other stakeholders, as well as administrative data. The study analyzes how reform trajectories are influenced by elite bargains and highlights their path dependency, shaped by preconflict legacies and the specifics of the conflict period. As the first systematic study on postconflict public service reforms, it identifies lessons for the future engagement of development partners in building public services.

This book provides a multidisciplinary analysis of the links between migration and remittances. The role of remittances in influencing migration decision is explored in relation to economic development, education, the labour market, and social factors. The impact of remittances on migration is examined from a global perspective, with a focus on both specific countries and larger regions, such as the European Union and the former Soviet states. The challenges in managing migration flows are also discussed, alongside the impact of COVID-19 on migration, and policy suggestions are made for the efficient management of labour migration. This book aims to offer a comparative analysis of the impact of remittances resulting from labour migration and foreign direct investment on the economic growth. It will be relevant to researchers and policymakers interested in labour and migration economics.

How can policy makers and senior officials in railway organizations support the movement of more cargo by rail rather than by road? This report highlights specific interventions and investments that are critical.

The objective of Sustainable Communities Design Handbook is to ensure a better quality of life for everyone, both now and for generations to come. This means creating a better and safer environment internationally through the sustainable use of natural resources, encouraging sustainable development which supports a strong economy, and ensuring a high quality environment that can be enjoyed by all. Sustainable Development Partnerships brings together in one reference today's most cutting edge technologies and methods for creating sustainable communities. With this book, Environmental Engineers, Civil Engineers, Architects, Mechanical Engineers, and Energy Engineers find a common approach to building environmental friendly communities which are energy efficient. The five part treatment starts with a clear and rigorous exposition of sustainable development in practice, followed by self-contained chapters concerning applications.