The advent of connected, smart technologies for the built environment may promise a significant value that has to be reached to develop digital city models. At the international level, the role of digital twin is strictly related to massive amounts of data that need to be processed, which proposes several challenges in terms of digital technologies capability, computing, interoperability, simulation, calibration, and representation. In these terms, the development of 3D parametric models as digital twins to evaluate energy assessment of private and public buildings is considered one of the main challenges of the last years. The ability to gather, manage, and communicate contents related to energy saving in buildings for the development of smart cities must be considered a specificity in the age of connection to increase citizen awareness of these fields. The Handbook of Research on Developing Smart Cities Based on Digital Twins contains in-depth research focused on the description of methods, processes, and tools that can be adopted to achieve smart city goals. The book presents a valid medium for disseminating innovative data management methods related to smart city topics. While highlighting topics such as data visualization, a web-based ICT platform, and data-sharing methods, this book is ideally intended for researchers in the building industry, energy, and computer science fields; public administrators; building managers; and energy professionals along with practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, academicians, and students interested in the implementation of smart technologies for the built environment.

Describes the transport of pollutants through the environment and their impact on natural and human systems, fully updated to cover key topics in modern pollution science Chemistry and Toxicology of Pollution examines the interactions and adverse effects of pollution on both natural ecosystems and human health, addressing chemical, toxicological, and ecological factors at both the regional and global scale. The book is written using a conceptual framework that follows the interaction of a pollutant with the environment from distribution in the various abiotic sectors of the environment to exposure and effects on individuals and ecosystems. The authors also highlight the critical role of various socio-economic, political, and cultural aspects in achieving sustainable goals, strategies, and science-based solutions to pollution and health. This comprehensive volume covers the chemical behavior and governing principles of pollutants, their interactions with humans and ecosystems, and the methods and processes of environmental risk assessment and pollution management. Extensively revised and expanded, the second edition equips readers with the knowledge required to help lead the way towards a healthy and sustainable future. New chapters address current pollution issues such as global warming and climate change, recent advances in environmental science, the monitoring and evaluation of new and emerging pollutants, risk assessment and remediation, and innovative pollution management approaches and techniques. With in-depth material on human toxicology integrated throughout the text, Chemistry and Toxicology of Pollution: Provides an effective framework for interpreting the information produced by international, national, and local agencies Presents unifying theories and principles supported by up-to-date scientific literature Offers broad coverage of pollution science with an emphasis on North America, the UK, Europe, China, India, and Australia Discusses the similarities and differences of the impact of pollutants on the natural environment and humans Chemistry and Toxicology of Pollution, Second Edition enables readers to view pollution in its correct perspective and develop appropriate control measures. It is essential reading for scientists, academic researchers, policymakers, professionals working in industry, and advanced students in need of a clear understanding of the nature and effects of environmental pollution.

Loomis's Essentials of Toxicology, Fifth Edition, provides the information on the harmful biologic effects associated with exposures to chemicals of all types. The scope of this book includes a discussion of the major types of chemicals involved, their general properties and detrimental biologic effects, the methods used to demonstrate these effects, the basis for clinical diagnosis, and therapy for the harmful effects of chemicals on humans. Individual examples are used to demonstrate the principle discussed. This reference volume will be an invaluable resource for both toxicologists and graduate and advanced undergraduate students in toxicology and public health.

In tandem with the recent surge in interest by various industry players in meliponiculture that see the rapid expansion of the stingless industry globally, there is a need to disseminate new knowledge and research findings in stingless beekeeping. The demand for honey-based products and related activities in meliponiculture opens many opportunities and new challenges in the stingless bee industry that require answers and solutions. Recent Advances in Global Meliponiculture highlights the most recent work on meliponine and meliponiculture. It disseminates information, shares recent works, and fosters a global network on stingless bee research. Covering topics such as pollination services, vertical hive technology, and honey applications, this premier reference source is an essential resource for practitioners, meliponists, apiarists, students and educators of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Organic Farming: Global Perspectives and Methods, Second Edition provides the core definition and concepts of organic farming, also addressing current challenges and goals. The book provides a comprehensive resource, from sustainability to influences on the ecosystem, including the significance of seed, soil, water and weed management, and other important aspects. In addition, it presents advancements in the field and insights on the future. This fully revised and updated edition expands coverage to include important economic considerations, understanding the influence of nanotechnology on organic farming, vertical farming, organic farming and livestock management, as well as the future of organic farming. Written by a team of global experts to provide current concepts of organic farming, this resource is valuable for researchers, graduate students, and post-doctoral fellows from academia and research institutions.

Understanding Faults: Detecting, Dating, and Modeling offers a single resource for analyzing faults for a variety of applications, from hazard detection and earthquake processes, to geophysical exploration. The book presents the latest research, including fault dating using new mineral growth, fault reactivation, and fault modeling, and also helps bridge the gap between geologists and geophysicists working across fault-related disciplines. Using diagrams, formulae, and worldwide case studies to illustrate concepts, the book provides geoscientists and industry experts in oil and gas with a valuable reference for detecting, modeling, analyzing and dating faults.

Climate change and environmental pollution remain two primary areas of concern in today's world. These detrimental influences continue to have a strong impact on various aspects of humanity, specifically public health in tropical regions. Researchers have seen neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affected by climate change and anthropogenic impacts. Climate Change and Anthropogenic Impacts on Neglected Tropical Diseases is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the association of environmental pollutants and global warming with viruses in tropical regions. While highlighting topics such as pathogenicity, travel impact, and economic impacts, this publication explores the developments and trends in these areas of medicine and ecology, as well as prevention strategies to be used for educational and sensitization purposes. This book is ideally designed for doctors, medical practitioners, ecologists, epidemiologists, environmentalists, world health organizations, researchers, biologists, policymakers, academicians, and students.

Few terms elicit such strong and varied feelings and yet have so little clarity as "democracy." Leaders of large states use "democracy" to designate their nations' public character even as critics and rivals use the term to validate their own political perspectives. In Envisioning Democracy, the editors and contributors address the following questions: What does democracy mean today? What could it mean tomorrow? What is the dynamic of democracy in an increasingly interdependent world? Envisioning Democracy explores these questions amid the dynamic of democracy as a political phenomenon interacting with forms of economic, ethical, ethnic, and intellectual life. The book draws on the work of Sheldon S. Wolin (1922-2015), one of the most influential American theorists of the last fifty years. Here, scholars consider the historical conditions, theoretical elements, and practical impediments to democracy, using Wolin's insights as touchstones in thinking through the possibilities and obstacles facing democracy now and in the future.

Since antiquity, artists have visualized the known world through the female (sometimes male) body. In the age of exploration, America was added to figures of Europe, Asia, and Africa who would come to inhabit the borders of geographical visual imagery. In the abundance of personifications in print, painting, ceramics, tapestry, and sculpture, do portrayals vary between hierarchy and global human dignity? Are we witnessing the emergence of ethnography or of racism? Yet, as this volume shows, depictions of bodies as places betray the complexity of human claims and desires. Bodies and Maps: Early Modern Personifications of the Continents opens up questions about early modern politics, travel literature, sexualities, gender, processes of making, and the mobility of forms and motifs. Contributors are: Louise Arizzoli, Elisa Daniele, Hilary Haakenson, Elizabeth Horodowich, Maryanne Cline Horowitz, Ann Rosalind Jones, Paul H. D. Kaplan, Marion Romberg, Mark Rosen, Benjamin Schmidt, Chet Van Duzer, Bronwen Wilson, and Michael Wintle.

Further Developments in the Theory and Practice of Cybercartography, Third Edition, Volume Nine, presents a substantively updated edition of a classic text on cybercartography, presenting new and returning readers alike with the latest advances in the field. The book examines the major elements of cybercartography and embraces an interactive, dynamic, multisensory format with the use of multimedia and multimodal interfaces. Material covering the major elements, key ideas and definitions of cybercartography is newly supplemented by several chapters on two emerging areas of study, including international dimensions and language mapping. This new edition delves deep into Mexico, Brazil, Denmark, Iran and Kyrgyzstan, demonstrating how insights emerge when cybercartography is applied in different cultural contexts. Meanwhile, other chapters contain case studies by a talented group of linguists who are breaking new ground by applying cybercartography to language mapping, a breakthrough that will provide new ways of understanding the distribution and movement of language and culture.

Small Format Aerial Photography and UAS Imagery: Principles, Techniques and Geoscience Applications, Second Edition, provides basic and advanced principles and techniques for Small Format Aerial Photography (SFAP), focusing on manned and unmanned aerial systems, including drones, kites, blimps, powered paragliders, and fixed wing and copter SFAP. The authors focus on everything from digital image processing and interpretation of data, to travel and setup for the best result, making this a comprehensive guide for any user. Nine case studies in a variety of environments, including gullies, high altitudes, wetlands and recreational architecture are included to enhance learning. This new edition includes small unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and discusses changes in legal practices across the globe. In addition, the book presents the history of SFAP, providing background and context for new developments.

A field-defining collection of new voices on gender, feminism, and geography. Feminist Geography Unbound is a call to action-to expand imaginations and to read and travel more widely and carefully through terrains that have been cast as niche, including Indigenous and decolonial feminisms, Black geographies, and trans geographies. The original essays in this collection center three themes to unbind and enable different feminist futures: discomfort as a site where differences generate both productive and immobilizing frictions, gendered and racialized bodies as sites of political struggle, and the embodied work of building the future. Drawing on diverse theoretical backgrounds and a range of field sites, contributors consider how race, gender, citizenship, and class often determine who feels comfort and who is tasked with producing it. They work through bodies as terrains of struggle that make claims to space and enact political change, and they ask how these politics prefigure the futures that we fear or desire. The book also champions feminist geography as practice, through interviews with feminist scholars and interludes in which feminist collectives speak to their experience inhabiting and transforming academic spaces. Feminist Geography Unbound is grounded in a feminist geography that has long forced the discipline to grapple with the production of difference, the unequal politics of knowledge production, and gender's constitutive role in shaping social life.