The "British Elections and Parties" series publishes research on parties, elections and voting behaviour in Britain, providing analyses of current and historical developments. It is produced under the auspices of the Political Studies Association's Election, Public Opinion and Parties study group.
Volume 9 includes research based around four themes: electoral reform; partisanship and voting; parliamentary behaviour; and the attitudes of the young. It provides a source of data on public opinion polls, a summary of local election results, UK referendums, key economic indicators, political parties and a chronology of major political events in 1998.

The Women's Suffrage Movement is the first comprehensive reference work to bring together in one volume the wealth of information available on the individuals and organizations involved in the women's suffrage movement from the 1860s to the 1920s.
Drawing on national and local archival sources, this invaluable work covers not only the political developments of the campaign but provides a vital insight into its cultural context, listing novels, plays and films and defining the position of publishers and newspapers on the question of women's suffrage.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203031091

Originally published in 1915, Government by Natural Selection looks at the historical advancement of government through the lens of the Darwinian theory of natural selection. The book examines the history of government and its formation, right up until the early 20th century, when the book was first published. The book suggests that there is a link between Darwinian theory and the development of humans in societies, and that this in turn affected the formation of government over the course of history. The book uses not only Darwinian theory to examine history and the formation of government, but philosophers from both antiquity and the 19th century. This book provides a fascinating examination of politics and history through the application of science, and will be of interest to anthropologists, historians and academics of politics alike.

Substantially revised throughout, the third edition of Political Marketing continues to offer students the most comprehensive introduction to this rapidly growing field. It provides an accessible but in-depth guide to what political marketing is and how it is used in practice and encourages reflection on how it should be used in the future. New Features and benefits of the third edition: Fully updated throughout with new research on emerging practices in the field and ethical implications such as the use of big data, authenticity and the limitations of voters as consumers in light of Brexit; A new employability section on political marketing in the workplace; Extensive pedagogical features including new peer-reviewed case studies, democratic debates, and fully updated practitioner perspectives, best practice guides, and class discussion points and assessments. Led by a leading expert in the field and including contributions from other key academics in the field, this textbook is essential reading for all students of political marketing, parties and elections, and comparative politics.

This book explains the development of the Conservative Party's immigration policy during the seven decades since 1945, up to today. By bringing together existing theories from the fields of political science and migration studies, this book offers a new model of party policy-making, which could be modified and tested in other contexts. Grounded in rigorous scholarship, but of interest to general readers as well as specialists and students, this book provides a thoughtful and engaging account of the making of modern Britain. The book draws on 30 interviews with figures who were at the heart of policy-making, from Kenneth Clarke and Douglas Hurd, to Damian Green and Gavin Barwell, to reveal that the 'national mood' often has more impact on policy-making than the empirics of the situation. This book will be of key interest to scholars, students and readers interested in British politics; immigration and migration studies; Conservative Party politics; and, more broadly, public policy, political parties and European and comparative politics.

Steep socioeconomic hierarchy in post-industrial Western society threatens public health because of the physiological consequences of material and psychosocial insecurities and deprivations. Following on from their previous books, the authors continue their exploration of the geography of early mortality from age-related chronic conditions, of risk behaviors and their health outcomes, and of infant and child mortality, all due to rigid hierarchy. They divide the 50 states into those that gave their electoral college votes to Trump and those that gave theirs to Clinton in the 2016 presidential election and compare the two sets for socioeconomic and public health profiles. They deliberately apply only simple standard statistical methods in the public health analyses: t-test, Mann-Whitney test, bivariate regression, and backward stepwise multivariate regression. The book assumes familiarity with basic statistics. The authors argue that the unequal power relations that result in eroding public health in the nation and, in particular, in the Trump-voting states, largely cascade from the collapse of American industry, and they analyze the Cold War roots of that collapse. In two largely independent chapters on economics, they explore both the suppression of countervailing forces, such as organized labor, and the diversion of technical resources to the military as essential foundations to the population-level suffering that expressed itself in the 2016 presidential election. This interdisciplinary book has several primary audiences: creators of public policies, such as legislators and governmental staff, public health professionals and social epidemiologists, economists, labor union professionals, civil rights advocates, political scientists, historians, and students of these disciplines from public health through the social sciences. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

A timely and paradigm-shifting argument that all members of a democracy must participate in elections, by a leading political expert and Washington Post journalist Americans are required to pay taxes, serve on juries, get their kids vaccinated, get driver's licenses, and sometimes go to war for their country. So why not ask-or require-every American to vote? In 100% Democracy, E.J. Dionne and Miles Rapoport argue that universal participation in our elections should be a cornerstone of our system. It would be the surest way to protect against voter suppression and the active disenfranchisement of a large share of our citizens. And it would create a system true to the Declaration of Independence's aspirations by calling for a government based on the consent of all of the governed. It's not as radical or utopian as it sounds: in Australia, where everyone is required to vote (Australians can vote "none of the above," but they have to show up), 91.9 percent of Australians voted in the last major election in 2019, versus 60.1 percent in America's 2016 presidential race. Australia hosts voting-day parties and actively celebrates this key civic duty. It is time for the United States to take a major leap forward and recognize voting as both a fundamental civil right and a solemn civic duty required of every eligible U.S. citizen.

This book presents an alternative empirical theory of voter turnout. Named the Mobilization/Demobilization Theory, it analyzes voter turnout of different segments of the voting age population in terms of barriers created to prevent participation and efforts to stimulate participation. This study challenges the theory that the characteristics of nonvoters, low levels of education and political apathy, are the root causes of poor voter turnout among persons of low socioeconomic status (SES). The Mobilization/Demobilization Theory argues instead that nonvoting results from the behavior of politicians, political elites, and the political system and not from the characteristics of the poor and working class. The study suggests that voter turnout for national elections could reach an 80 percent level if a major party focuses on these two groups. Statistical evidence is given to show why the poor and working class do not vote when neither party represents them.

Chapter One of the book presents the evidence against the current theory of voter turnout--the Standard Socioeconomic model. Chapter Two presents the alternative theory--the Mobilization/Demobilization model. Chapters Three and Four cover the issues of removing obstacles to voting and nonpolicy related organizational efforts. This is followed by a discussion in Chapter Five of the major party focus of nonparticipators and a discussion in Chapter Six of the impact of party alignment. The final chapter takes a look at mobilization and demobilization today. This book makes for informative reading to anyone interested in political behavior, public opinion, electoral politics, or political parties. It should be of special interest to persons active in election activity, from grassroots organizers to persons making election regulations.

This volume considers the emergence and development of modern retailing from an historical and management perspective in the period 1750-1950. The history of retail business development is an under researched area and these studies address the need for further research and provide examples of current research activity. the book considers, the early emergence of retail forms in the late 18th century, the evolution of retail forms in the 19th century and the late adaptation of retail innovation in the early 20th century.
This work brings together the literature from retail management as well as history. In this, it bridges the gap between the two disciplines. this gap in the understanding of the historical dimension within retail management studies and the understanding of retail management issues in history has hindered the development of valuable research in this area.

This comprehensive volume provides crucial insights from contemporary academics and practitioners into how positive interventions might be made into post-secular political spaces that have emerged in the wake of the economic, political, and social upheavals of the 2008 global financial crisis. The failure of liberal democracy to deal effectively with such challenges has led to scapegoating of the poor, immigrants, and Muslims, and contributed to the populist electoral success of, among others, the Leave campaign during the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, and Donald Trump's Presidential campaign. These shocks have highlighted contemporary political spaces defined by what has been termed 'all the posts': postmodern, post-Christendom, post-liberal, post-political, and post-secular. This collection examines emerging attempts to understand and advance the cause of wellbeing within this context. The authors address a variety of key issues including: (re)configuring mythologies for the common good; deploying love and friendship politically; motivating new social movements; valuing the other; recovering displaced and devalued political narratives; finding alternatives to the previously dominant neo-liberalism; listening deeply for social transformation; and overcoming adversarial party politics. This book was originally published online as a special issue of the journal Global Discourse.

The Review brings together in one volume the very latest and most sophisticated research on the 1997 General Election, and the reference section provides a chronology of the political year, opinion poll results and details of by-elections. Contents: New Labour, New Tactical Voting? The Causes and Consequences of Tactical Voting in the 1997 General Election Geoff Evans, John Curtice and Pippa Norris. Political Change and Party Choice: Voting in the 1997 General Election Harold D Clarke, Marianne Stewart and Paul Whiteley. Sex, Money and Politics: Sleaze and the Conservative Party in the 1997 Election David M Farrell, Ian McAllister and Donley T Studlar. Euroscepticism and the Referendum Party Anthony Heath, Roger Jowell, Bridget Taylor and Katarina Thomson. New Labour Landslide - Same Old Electoral Geography? R J Johnston, C J Pattie, D F L Dorling, D J Rossiter, H Tunstall and I D McAllister. Split Ticket Voting at the 1997 British General and Local Elections - An Aggregate Analysis Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher. Between Fear and Loath: National Press Coverage of the 1997 British General Election David Deacon, Peter Golding and Michael Billig. Does Negative News Matter? The Effect of Television News on Party Images in the 1997 British General Election. David Sanders and Pippa Norris. Triumph of Targeting? Constituency Campaigning in the 1997 Election David Denver, Gordon Hands, Simon Henig. Labour's Grass Roots Campaign in the 1997 Paul Whiteley and Patrick Seyd. Remodelling the 1997 General Election: How Britain Would Have Voted Under Alternative Electoral Systems Patrick Dunleavy, Helen Margetts, Brendan O'Duffy and Stuart Weir.

This book examines how election news reporting has changed over the last half century in Ireland by means of a unique dataset involving 25m words from newspapers as well as radio and television coverage. The authors examine reporting in terms of framing, tone and the distribution of coverage.They also focus on how the economy has affected election coverage as well as media reporting of leaders and personalities, gender and the effect of the commercial basis of media outlets. The findings - drawn from a machine learning computer system involving a huge content analysis study - will interest academics as well as politicians and policymakers internationally. -- .

In today's "trial by media" election campaigns, do you have to be crazy to run for higher office? Looking back over the past 25 years, Stanley Renshon provides the first comprehensive account of how the issue of character has come to dominate presidential campaigns. He traces two related but distinctive approaches to a candidate's psychology: mental health and character. Drawing on his clinical and political science training, Renshon has devised a theory which will allow the public to better evaluate the personal and leadership qualities of presidential candidates.

After the Labour Party's landslide victory in 1997, the results were analyzed. Issues at the top of the agenda included party leader image, campaign strategy, the sleaze factor, the effect of the media and changes in the electoral geography of Britain. This volume records the discussion.

In this volume, researchers explore the effects of the 2016 US Presidential Election on the LGBTQ community from a wide variety of disciplines including communication, gender studies, nursing, political science, public health, psychology, cultural analysis, and social work. The research in this volume shows that the election had negative effects on the personal well-being, relationships, and families of LGBTQ people. The research also explains ways in which members of the LGBTQ community reacted to the election with hope, resilience, and positive relational outcomes. Moving topically from a discussion of the election and the LGBTQ community at the system level, the contributors move on to assess the effect of the election at both family level and the individual level as well. Representing qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methodological approaches, this interdisciplinary volume will appeal to students and researchers interested in the 2016 US election, and those interested in the impact of politics on marginalized communities more broadly. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of GLBT Family Studies.

An electoral system is the most fundamental element of representative democracy, translating citizen's votes into representatives' seats. It is also the most potent practical instrument available to democratic reformers. This systematic and comprehensive study describes and classifies the 70 electoral systems used by 27 democracies - including those of Western Europe, Australia, Canada, the USA, Costa Rica, India, Israel, Japan, and New Zealand - for 384 national legislative and European Parliament elections between 1945 and 1990. Using comparative and statistical analyses of these systems, Arend Lijphart demonstrates the effect of the electoral formula used, the number of representatives elected per district, electoral thresholds, and of five other key features of electoral systems on the proportionality of the election outcome, the degree of multipartism, and the creation of majority parties. In the process he reveals that electoral systems are neither as diverse nor as complex as is often assumed. Electoral Systems and Party Systems represents the most definitive treatment of the subject since Rae's classic study in 1967, based as it is on more accurate and comprehensive data (covering more countries and a longer time-span), and using stronger hypotheses and better analytical methods. The unique information and analysis it offers will make it essential reading for everyone working in the field.

The 1996 Israeli elections were the first elections by direct vote for the position of prime minister in which a newcomer - Binyamin Netanyahu - defeated the most veteran Israeli politician, Shimon Peres. The result indicated not only a transition of power from the left-centre to the right-centre, but also the decline of the major parties and the ascendance of the smaller parties. Israel at the Polls, 1996 looks at the parties, election campaigns and the processes that determined this outcome. Major issues such as religion and politics, Israel as a Jewish state, the peace process, and the 'new politics' are analysed by outstanding Israeli political scientists.

The 1996 Israeli elections were the first elections by direct vote for the position of prime minister in which a newcomer - Binyamin Netanyahu - defeated the most veteran Israeli politician, Shimon Peres. The result indicated not only a transition of power from the left-centre to the right-centre, but also the decline of the major parties and the ascendance of the smaller parties. Israel at the Polls, 1996 looks at the parties, election campaigns and the processes that determined this outcome. Major issues such as religion and politics, Israel as a Jewish state, the peace process, and the 'new politics' are analysed by outstanding Israeli political scientists.

Studies of election campaigns have shown an increased employment of websites, weblog tools, email, and social media by political campaigners, as well as the use of similar platforms by citizens to find information, communicate about elections or engage more generally in political issues. This comprehensive volume explores the ways in which social media is used on the one hand as a campaigning tool, and on the other, by local citizens. It aims to develop a more holistic and Eurocentric research agenda by capturing both supply and demand practices at the European level. The authors employ both single and multination case studies, furthering debates on how political actors and voters embrace the new information and communication environment, in what ways, and for what purposes. The book offers new perspectives on social media campaigning within European democracies, thereby contributing to a more global and comprehensive understanding of how campaigning is affected, and might be enhanced, by developing an interactive digital strategy. This book will be of great interest to students of both politics and media studies. It was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Information Technology & Politics.

This volume features key political issues for 1990s Britain: the reform of the Labour party; the use of opinion polls; the impact of the media; European integration; Scotland and regional trends; and the bases of party support.

This new, multidisciplinary series will present works devoted to the indigenous peoples of North America -- the First Nations, Native Hawaiians, Native Americans, and the Indians of Mexico. Topics will range from the social sciences to education, law, criminology, health, the environment, religion, architecture, linguistics, and agriculture, including innovative interdisciplinary approaches. Books featuring Native voices and issues of particular current significance to Native peoples will be featured.

During the presidential election campaign, the chief executive takes on the dual role of president and candidate. But how do presidents prepare for the forthcoming election, manage a nationwide campaign, and fulfill presidential duties? Presidents as Candidates offers a truly unique treatment of the White House role in the re-election efforts of contemporary presidents since 1956, as it examines eight re-election efforts (from Eisenhower through Clinton). The author considers the differences and similarities of each White House-led effort, analyzing the political, institutional, and policy factors that affect the strategies and decisions. From this, she develops a typology of three standard types of campaigns: "victorious", "defeated", and "takeover", offering observations and insights that are invaluable for understanding presidential re-election efforts.

The first book to provide a much-needed analysis of the current state of the party and insight into longer term trends, "New Labour in Power" helps readers to explore both past and present in order to better understand the future.
The book explores Tony Blair's victory through both its historical context and the words of contemporary media commentators, journalists, economists and politicians, including Austin Mitchell, Peter Shore, Peter Jay, A. H. Halsey and Vernon Bogdanor. It combines historical, political and practical approaches to the questions raised by the Labour election victory and addresses core themes such as Europe, the economy, welfare, education, defense and the constitution.

In this text, historians and political scientists present a survey of the role and influence of by-elections in British politics since 1918.

This book is the second in the series Sources for the Study of Irish Politics, which is produced by the Political Studies Association of Ireland (PSAI). The aim of the PSAI is to promote the professional study of politics in and of Ireland, and the aim of the series is to make more widely available material that is at present difficult to obtain. Building on its predecessor Irish Elections 1922-44: Results and Analysis (1993), this volume assembles the full results of all elections to Dail Eireann from 1948 to 1977. The book also contains analysis of each election, summaries of votes, percentages and seats for each election, lists of TDs (members of parliament) elected at each election, information on defeated TDs and women TDs, analysis of tranfer patterns, members of govenrment appointed after each election, and the full results of all by-elections held in the period. It also provides summary results of the nine general elections of the period 1981-2007, along with a comprehensive list of TDs 1922-2008. Elections to Dail Eireann are held under the PR-STV (single tranferable vote) electoral system, and this volume provides a fascinating account of PR-STV in operation as well as constituting an indispensble record of Irish political history over the middle years of the independent state.

In its first modern parliamentary election campaign. Russia voted Communist. This definitive study of the December 1995 Duma elections. based on firsthand observation, interviews, and the unparalleled resources of the Open Media Research Institute in Prague, analyzes the Duma campaign from the adoption of the new electoral law through the tabulation of the final results.

The book examines
-- the rules of the game in Russia -- the electoral law;
-- Russia's complicated system of parliamentary representation;
-- why Russia has dozens of political parties and which appear to have some staying power;
-- the conduct of political campaigns, including platforms, electoral strategies, candidate appeals, and the role of money and the media;
-- demographic and regional characteristics of Russia, and which ones seem to be politically salient;
-- analysis of voting returns and comparisons with December 1993 results.